Nangona abantu bebanye becinga ukuba ukufunda ngeembali zeengqondo kubangelona, ezinye zezona zibalo ezidumileyo kwi-psychology zabukholisa ubomi obunomdla kwaye zenza izinto ezimangalisayo. Ukususela kuJung ukuya kuFreud ukuya kwi-Allport nangaphezulu, kuninzi ukufunda malunga nezinye iingcamango ezinkulu zengqondo. Ngaba uyayazi naziphi na ezi nkcukacha ezincinci?
1 - Freud Emva kokuzama ukuya kwi-Psychoanalyze uGordon Allport (kwaye ufumene kakubi)
Iingcali zengqondo uGordon Allport wayengomnye wabasehlo bokusekwa kwengqondo kunye nodlala indima enkulu ekuphuhliseni i-psychology zakudala e-United States. Wayengumdlali omkhulu weSigmund Freud. Njengomfana osemncinci, wenza uhambo oluya eVienna, eAustria ukuba ahlangabezane no-psychoanalyst omkhulu.
Uvakalelwa kukuba, u-Allport wahlala phantsi waza watshela uFrud ngokukrakra malunga nenkwenkwe ayeyibonile esitimeleni eya eVienna. Le nkwenkwana, u-Allport watshela uFrud, wayesaba ukungcola kwaye akazange avume ukuhlala apho indoda eyayingcolileyo yayihlala khona. U-Allport wachazwa ukuba umntwana ufumene ukuziphatha kumama wakhe, obonakala enobungqina obukhulu kunye nokulawula.
UFrud wafunda u-Allport umzuzwana waza wachaza, "Kwaye le yinkwenkwana leyo."
U-Allport wayekuthanda ukuxelela ibali kwaye wayekholelwa ukuba umzamo kaFreud wokuguqula umboniso olula uhlalutyo lwe-Allport ecinga ukuba ayikhumbuli inkumbulo yobuntwana bakhe ngumzekeliso ogqibeleleyo kangangokuthi ngezinye izikhathi i- psychoanalysis yazama ukumba kakhulu.
2 - UCarl Jung wayenomdla kunye nesinye sezigulana zakhe
Kuze kube kutshanje, abantu abambalwa baqhelana negama elithi Sabina Spielrein . Wavunyelwa esibhedlele sengqondo eneminyaka eyi-19 emva kokubandezeleka kweempawu ze-hysteria. Waba ngumonde weJung waza wachaza ngokuthi "uphupha" kwaye unomdla. "
Abazange babe ngabathandi nje kuphela, kodwa uSpielrein wayenempembelelo ebalulekileyo ekuphuhlisweni kwengqondo ye-psychoanalysis. UJung wabhala kuqala kuFrud ukuba acele iingcebiso malunga necala likaSpielrein kwaye bobabini baba ngabahlobo abasheshayo kunye nabafihli beengqondo. Ezi zibini zibhale i-Spielrein kunye neenkcukacha ngokubhekiselele kwimeko yakhe.
U-Spielrein waqhubeka waba ngumbono we-psychoanalyst ebalulekileyo ekunene. Uthiwa ngokuzisa i-psychoanalysis eRashiya kunye nokusungulwa kwezinto zokufa , umxholo othi uFrud uya kulungelelanisa kwaye afune.
Ngelishwa, ilifa likaSabina Spielrein lalahlekelwa yimbali kwiminyaka eminyaka emva kokubulawa kwakhe ngamaNazi ngowama-1942. Kwaye kwada kwada kwee-1970 xa amaphepha akhe kunye neeleta ezatshintshana kunye neJung zaguqulelwa kwaye zapapashwa ukuba ithonya lakhe laziwa. Ngo-2011, Indlela eyingozi , ifilimu ebomini bakhe kunye nentsebenziswano kunye no-Jung, yakhululwa, yazisa ngokubanzi igama layo.
3 - Umfazi Omangalisayo Wadalwa yi-Psychologist
Ummangaliso Wowesifazane ngumntu owaziwayo kwaye uyintanda, kodwa abantu abaninzi banokumangaliswa kukuba ngokwenene wadalwa ngumdlali weengqondo ogama linguWilliam Moulton Marston. UMarston ukhunjulwa ngokudala uvavanyo lwexinzelelo lwegazi lwe-systolic oluye lwaba yinto ebalulekileyo yeemvavanyo ze-polygraph zanamhlanje. UMarston wayenomdla ngokuthatha isenzo somfazi emsebenzini wakhe wengqondo, ebonisa ukuba abafazi babenokuthenjwa, abathembekileyo, kunye nokukhawuleza ukusebenza kunamadoda.
UMoulton wayeqaphele ukuba bonke abalinganiswa bencwadi yamacwecwe bemihla (Superman, Batman, Captain America, njl.) Bafaniswa "ngegazi". Waba nombono wengqungquthela yabasetyhini, endaweni yoko wayethembela ngamandla akhe nothando lokulwa nobubi.
Enye into eyamangalisa: UMarston wayesebudlelwane obuhle kunye nohlobo lwabafazi ababini ababethandana naye, umfazi wakhe uElizabethe kunye nomthandi wabo u-Olive Byrne.
4 - U-Alfred Adler's Ashes Wayelahlekelwa iminyaka engama-70
UAlfred Adler wayengumqondo weengqondo we-neo-Freudian mhlawumbi owaziwa kakhulu ngongcamango lwakhe lweengqondo kunye nokuphuhlisa ingcamango yokungathandabuzeki. Emva kokufa kwakhe ngowe-1937 emva kokuhlaselwa kwintliziyo yeScotland ngenkqubela kwintetho yeentetho, intsapho yakhe yalahlekelwa yindlela ehleliyo. Kwakungekho u-2007, iminyaka engama-70 emva kokufa kwakhe, ukuba umlotha wakhe wagqitywa ekugqibeleni kwindawo yase-Edinburgh, eScotland. Ngo-2011, umlotha ka-Alder wabuya wabuyela waza wadibanisa kwindawo yakhe yokuzalwa, eVienna, e-Austria.
5 - USigmund Freud Mhlawumbi u-Slept kunye noDadewabo kamasipala
USigmund Freud washiya ubomi kwilebhu yesayensi ukuze afumane umsebenzi owamvumela ukuba atshate, uMartin Bernays, kodwa abaphengululi baye bakholelwa ukuba uFrud naye wayesebenza kunye nomkhwekazi wakhe, uMnna. Umhlobo owayengumhlobo kunye nomfundi uCar J Jung wathi uFrud wayevumile loo nto kwaye abanye abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba uMinna unokukhulelwa nguFreud waza wakhupha isisu.
Ngo-2006, ekugqibeleni iingcali zazifumanisa oko babekholelwa ukuba bubungqina bento. Ngomhla ka-Agasti 13, 1898, uFrud noMinna Bernays bajonga kwihotele kwi-Alps yaseSwitzerland baza babhalwa njengesibini esitshatileyo.
Ngaphandle nje kwegama elihle lokuhleka, umcimbi unikeza ingqiqo enomdla kwi-Psmology Frez's self-psychology - indoda eyayixhomekeke ekugxilweni kwezesondo kunye neenjongo ezingenanto. Wayehlala ecinga ngeendlela zokuziphatha zesini zabanye, kodwa kubonakala ukuba wayemncinci kakhulu kwizenzo zakhe.