Ukunyamezela ngamachiza, okanye ukunyamezela izidakamizwa, kwenzeka xa umzimba wakho usebenziseka kumachiza ukwenzela ukuba kukho imfuneko yokuba unyango olufunekayo kukunika umphumo oyifunayo okanye kufuneka unyango oluhlukile. Ngokuxhomekeke kwilisi, ukunyamezela kunokukhula kwiintsuku eziliqela okanye kwenzeke ngokuthe ngcembe kwithuba leiveki.
Ukunyamezela kunokuba nemiphumo emihle njengokunciphisa imiphumo emibi ngenxa yonyango.
Nangona kunjalo, njengoko umzimba wakho ubekezela unyango, amayeza ayasebenza kangangoko.
Iinkcukacha zokunyamezela
Ukunyamezela kunokubonakaliswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Impendulo eyanciphekileyo kwiinkcenkceshelo zonyango (i-pharmacodynamic okanye ukunyamezela)
- Ukwenyuka kwe-drug nge-metabolism yesibindi (ngamanye amagama, isicatshulwa siphuhliwe kwaye sisuswa emzimbeni wakho ngokulula)
- Ukusetyenziswa kwisiphumo seziyobisi (ukuziphatha okanye ukunyamezela okufundiweyo)
Imizekelo yokunyamezela iMithi
Ukunyamezela ngamayeza kudla ngokumalunga neziyobisi ezichaphazela ingqondo yomzimba kunye nenkqubo yeentetho ezibandakanya:
- Ama-Painkillers afana ne-Oxycontin (oxycodone)
- Iinqununu ezifana neValium (Diazepam)
- Izixhobo zokulala ezingaphezu kwee-counter ezifana ne-Benadryl (diphenhydramine)
Ukunyamezela kunye neengxaki zokusetyenziswa kakubi
Xa umntu eqala ukusetyenziswa kakubi ngokusetyenziswa kakubi, kuba yi-alcohol, i-opioids okanye i-nicotine, imiphumo ibaluleke kakhulu kunokuba iya kuphinda ibuye iphinde.
Ukulawulwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwesi sidakamizwa, umntu ufuna iimali ezinkulu kunye ezinkulu ukuba azivelele nayiphi na imiphumo efunwayo ngoko ke ukubeka umjikelo onobungozi bokuxhatshazwa, ukuxhomekeka, kunye nokuhoxiswa. Inkqalo yokufuna izidakamizwa ezininzi ukuvelisa umphumo oyifunayo kuthiwa ukunyamezela.
Ukunyamezela kuyimpendulo eqhelekileyo yokuphendula izidakamizwa ezisetyenziswayo.
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, umzimba wakho utshintsha ngokunyuka kwonyango. Olu tshintsho luvela kwinqanaba lesibini lamaselula kwaye luchaphazela indlela amalungu asebenzisana ngayo.
Xa umntu enyamezela ethile i-CNS ecinezelayo njengotywala, ngoko ke lo mntu uhlala ebekezelela ezinye iziyobisi zokusebenzisa kakubi njenge heroin . (Ngokuqinisekileyo, i-opioid njenge heroin ayinabo abaxinezelekileyo be-CNS nangona baneendawo ezixinezelekileyo.) Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-tolerance-tolerance.
Ukunyamezela kungabungozi ngakumbi kuba kukhawuleza iziphumo ezixhomekeke kwimizi yokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi.
Abanye abantu babonisa ukunyamezela ngokukhawuleza okanye ukunyamezela kokuqala kwisiza. Aba bantu bangaba sezingeni eliphezulu lokuxhomekeka kweziyobisi okanye ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi.
Ukuba unomuva wokuba uxhomekeke kukunyamezela nayiphi na into engeyiyo yokusetyenziswa kakubi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxelela udokotela wakho kwaye ufumane uncedo. Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi kunye nokuxhomekeka kweziyobisi kungekhona nje ukuba nemiphumo emibi kunye nemiphumo eyingozi kubantu bakho abathandayo kunye noluntu ngokubanzi. Nceda ukhumbule ukuba kukho abaqeqeshi bempilo kunye namaqela enkxaso asebenza ngokunyanga kwiziyobisi kunye novelwano kwiimfuno zakho. Nantsi ikhonkco kwi-SAMHSA, i-Locator Services ye-Treatment Locator Locator eyayibanjwe nguRhulumente wase-US.
Okuqukethwe okuhlelwe nguNaveed Saleh, MD, MS, ngomhla we-1/31/2016
Imithombo ekhethiweyo
UMartin PR. Isahluko 15. Izifo ezinxulumene neziyobisi. Ku: Ebert MH, Loosen PT, Nurcombe B, uLeckman JF. eds. UKUPHATHWA KWESIFUNDO NOKUPHATHWA KWEZINTLOKO: I-Psychiatry, 2e . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2008.