Ngokomlando, kokubili ingxaki yokukhathazeka jikelele (i-GAD) kunye neengxaki ezithintekayo (OCD) zazibhekwa njengengxaki yokuxhalabisa. Iingxelo zangaphambili zoNgcaciso kunye neStatistical of Mental Disorders (i-DSM), isicatshulwa sekhokelo sokuxilongwa esisetyenziswe ngamakliniki ukuhlenga izimo zengqondo, i-GAD kunye ne-OCD kwicandelo elinye. Nangona kunjalo, iphephancwadi yesihlanu ye-DSM eyapapashwa ngo-Meyi 2013, yahlula ezi zifo kwizahluko ezahlukileyo.
Nangona i-GAD ihlala kwicandelo lokuphazamiseka kwexhala, i-OCD ngoku ihlala kwicandelo elibizwa ngokuba yi-Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Conditions. Ixesha elithi "Izimo ezihambelanayo" libhekisela kwiingxaki ezinjenge-hoarding disorder, i-trichotillomania (oko kukuthi, ingxaki yokukhanda izinwele), kunye neengxaki zomzimba.
Ukwahlukana kokuziphatha
Enye indlela yokuqonda umahluko phakathi kwe-GAD kunye ne-OCD (kunye neemeko ezinxulumene naloo candelo) kukucinga malunga neendlela zokuziphatha, okanye ukungabi naso, kwingxaki nganye. Nangona abantu abane-GAD bahlala bexhalabise kakhulu, abaqhelekanga ukuziphatha ngokunyanzeliswayo, ukuziphatha kunye nokuxhalaba kwabo. Kodwa abantu abane-OCD, ngokuqhelekileyo, basebenzisa ukuziphatha okuphindaphindiweyo (nokuba ngumzimba okanye wengqondo yengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yiminyanzelo) ukuze kunciphise uxinzelelo olubangelwa ukunyaniseka. Ngamanye amaxesha ukunyanzeliswa kwe-OCD kubangelwa inkolelo yokuba ukuziphatha kunokugcina isiphumo esinoyikayo.
Umzekelo wale nto wawuza kuhlamba izandla ngokugqithiseleyo kwaye kulungele ukukhusela ukungcola. Kwabantu abane-OCD epheleleyo, ukunyanzeliswa kuthatha ixesha elininzi (umz:> 1 iyure / imini) kunye nokuphazamisana neemfanelo zemihla ngemihla. Nangona ukuziphatha okuthile kuhambelana nokukhathazeka okubonakalayo kwi-GAD kukho, njengokuba ufuna ukuqinisekiswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwabanye, akunakuqhelekanga ukuba kwenzeke ngendlela engqongqo okanye ephosakeleyo.
Ukwahlukana kokuCinga
Iipateni zokucinga ezibonakalayo kwi-GAD zikwahlula kwakhona kwi-OCD. Abantu abane-GAD banokukhathazeka ngokukhathazeka kwangempela-bomi ; ezi zihloko ziphezulu kwaye zikhulu ezifanelekileyo ukukhathazeka malunga, nangona iqondo lokukhathazeka ligqithise ngokugqithiseleyo. Imiba enokuthi ibe malunga nemibandela ebomini yobomi - njengempilo, imali, okanye ubudlelwane-kodwa kunye neengxaki ezincinane, iintsuku eziye zabakholwa ngabanye ukuba bangaziqondi ngokugqithiseleyo-njengokunikela ngomsebenzi okanye ukungabi uyakwazi ukuqikelela ukuba yeyiphi i-shedding schedule yosuku. Ukuxhalabisa ngokwemvelo , uhlobo oluhlangene nomda wokuxilongwa kwe-GAD, luye lwasasazeka kwaye alulawulwayo kwaye luquka ukubandakanya ezininzi izinto eziphazamisayo okanye izinto ezintle .
Ukuqwalasela, iinkqubo ezicatshulwayo ze-OCD , nazo zinzima ukuba umntu ohluphekileyo alawulwe. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuphambene ne-GAD, ezi ngcamango okanye iimpembelelo zengqondo zandisa ngaphezu kweengxaki kunye neengxaki zemihla ngemihla. Ukucinga okugqithisileyo akunangqiqo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kunemilinganiselo yemilingo. Ngokomzekelo, umfundi ophethe i-OCD unokukholelwa ukuba izinto kwideskiti yakhe kufuneka zihlanganiswe ngokulinganayo kunye nokubala inani elithile lexesha ukukhusela ukuba angaphumeleli uvavanyo.
Okanye, umzali o-OCD unokukholelwa ukuba kufuneka athethe ibinzana elithile ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngalo lonke usuku ukugcina abantwana babo bekhuselekile.
Ngaba Ngaba Ezi Ngxaki Zixhamla?
Akuqhelekanga kubantu ngabanye abane-GAD ukuhlangabezana nemigqaliselo yesinye isifo sengqondo seengqondo ngexesha lokuphila kwabo, okanye kwangexesha elifanayo. Ingxaki eqhelekileyo yokubambisana, nangona kunjalo, ukuxinezeleka . Nangona kunjalo, i-subset yabantu bajamelene ne-GAD kunye ne-OCD.
Ingqalelo, unyango lwe-GAD kunye ne-OCD luhamba kakuhle. Uninzi lwamachiza luncedo kuzo zombini iingxaki, njengendlela yokuziphatha kwengqondo yokuziphatha kwengqondo .
Nangona kunjalo, i-OCD, uhlobo oluthile lokunyangwa kwengqondo olubizwa ngokuthi ukuchaswa kunye nokukhusela impendulo kunesiseko esinoqinileyo sobungqina.
> Iingcaciso:
> Abramowitz JS, Foa EB. (1998). Ukukhathazeka kunye nokugqithisa kubantu abaneengxaki eziphosakeleyo kunye neengxaki ze-comorbid. Behav Res Ther, 36: 695-700.
> I-American Psychiatric Association. Incwadana yokuxilonga kunye neenkcukacha zeengxaki zengqondo (umxholo wesihlanu). IWashington, DC: Umbutho wama-American Psychiatric; 2013.
> UNewman MG, uCrits-Christoph PF, uSzkodny LE. (2013). Ukukhathazeka okuqhelekileyo. Kwi-LG Castonguay kunye ne-TF Oltmanns (i-Eds), i- Psychopathology: Kusuka kwiSayensi ukuya kwiNzululwazi (k. 62-87). ENew York, NY: I-Guilford Press.