Ulwaphulo lweZenzo zoBuchule (CBT) luyinkqubo eyenziwe kakuhle kubantu abadala abaneentsholongwane zokutya. Ukumisela umzekelo wokutya rhoqo ngumnye weenjongo zokuqala ze-CBT kwaye ibalulekileyo yokwakha yokubuyisela. Uninzi lwabantu abaqala unyango lwe- disorder disorder bafumene umzekelo wokutya ongaqhelekanga odla ngokubambelela ngokutya (imithetho yokutya, umda wekhalori, njl.) Kunye / okanye umqobo wokutya (okwenziwe ngokutya).
Oku kungathatha uhlobo lokulibala ukutya ixesha elide kunokwenzeka kwixesha lemihla, ukuvumela ukutya omnye kuphela, ukusela amanzi okanye utywala ukuze 'uhlale,' okanye ubale iikhalori kwaye udla ukutya kuphela okubhekwa "kukhuselekile" , "Engekho-fattening, njl.
Ukunciphisa ukutya kunye nokuthintela kunokuhamba kunye nokutya okudliwayo kunye / okanye ukuhlanjululwa ngokuhlanza, i-laxatives, okanye ukuzivocavoca. Olu hlobo lwesidlo esingakhange lulungiswe lungenza ube sisengozini yokutya ukutya ngeendlela ezintathu:
- Ukulamba ngokwenyama: Ukuhamba iiyure ezininzi phakathi kokutya kunye nokunciphisa ukutya okuthekileyo kunye nesantya sokutya oya kukudla kunokubangela ukulamba ngokwenyama. Xa indlala yenyama iqhubeka kwaye imigaqo eqinile ilandelwa ixesha elide, unokuba nemiphumo emibi emzimbeni, isifo senhliziyo, i-anemia, kunye nokuguqulwa kwamanzi, ukubiza amagama ambalwa.
- Ukukhathazeka ngokutya nokutya : ukukhawulelana nokutya kudla ngokubangela ukuba ugxininise ukuxhomekeka kwento kwaye nini na xa uyodla, oko kufuneka kwaye akufanele uyidle, zokupheka, ukupheka nokulungiselela ukutya.
- Ingqondo yengqondo yokuphulukana: Ukuphepha rhoqo ukutya, ukuxakeka ngokutya kunye nokulamba ngokwenyama, ngandlela-thile, kubangelwa ukuphula umthetho wokutya okanye umda. Ukuvakalelwa ngonaphakade njengokuba awukwazi ukuba nento inokubangela ukuba uzive ungaphumeleli xa ukutya oko kudla. Xa oku kwenzeka, unokugqiba isigqibo "ukuba uphume," ekubeni sele usuphule umgaqo. Umzekelo, ukuba uthe wadla icookie "akufanele uyenayo," ukugula kwengxaki yengqondo kunokuncedisa ukutya yonke ibhokisi kwaye uqale ngokutya kwakho kusasa.
Yintoni Ukutya Okuqhelekileyo Kubukeka?
Indlela yokutya rhoqo ephakanyiswayo njengenxalenye ye-CBT iquka ukutya oku-3 kunye neyesibini zokutya kunye ezintathu kwaye ibheka into enje:
- Yafutshane
- (Ukukhethwa kwintyatyambo ye-mid-morning)
- Isidlo
- Ngomso wamva
- Isidlo sakusihlwa
- Ngokuhlwa
Iingcali zikhuthaza ukutya ukutya okudibeneyo kunye nokutya, kunokutya ukutya ngexesha lonke, nokuphepha ukutya phakathi kokutya kunye nokutya. Kanye kunye nokutya ngokuqhelekileyo yimiyalelo yokuphepha ukukhupha kunye nokuhlanjululwa, okungafuna ukuphumeza izakhono ezongezelelweyo ezifana nokubandakanyeka kwimisebenzi engahambelani nokutya okanye ukucocwa, okanye "ukukhuthaza ukutshiza ." Kubaluleke kakhulu, kufuneka ubaleke ukuya kwiiyure ezingaphezu kweeyure phakathi kweziqendu yokutya.
Olu hlobo lokutya ludinga umgudu, ingakumbi ekuqaleni kwonyango. Kungadinga ukucinga kwangaphambili, ukucwangcisa , okanye ukubeka i-alamu njengezikhumbuzi zokutya, ngokukodwa kwimeko yokuxakeka emsebenzini, isikolo, kunye needyuli zasekhaya. Xa udla ukutya rhoqo, ukucwangciswa kokutya okubanzi ngexesha leveki kungabikho mfuneko, kodwa kufuneka uhlale wazi ngokukhawuleza xa kwaye kunye nantoni na ukutya okulandelayo.
Ekuqaleni kokonyango, kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba ugxininise kwisakhiwo kunye nesikhathi sokutya, kunokuba udla ntoni.
Kamva kwonyango, imiba efana nokutya okugwenywayo ijongene nokutyhila kunye nokuvavanya. Abanye banenzuzo kakhulu kwiinkonzo zokuhambisa ukutya, ezinokuthi zithathe umsebenzi othile ngaphandle kokucwangcisa nokukhuthaza iintlobo ezahlukeneyo nezondlo ezaneleyo. Ukuzibeka iliso kunokukunceda ukuba uhlale umkhondo ngokutya rhoqo emini, kwaye kufuneka uquke iinkcazo ukuba ukuxubha, ukuhlanjululwa, okanye ukuziphatha kwezifo zokutya (ED) kwenzeka, ukuze ukwazi ukuhlalutya oko kwabangela ukuba kusebenze.
Uloyiko oluqhelekileyo malunga nokutya rhoqo
Ngokusoloko ukwesaba ukuba ukutya rhoqo kuya kubangela ukuzuza ubunzima. Nangona kunjalo, oku akusoloko kunjalo (ngaphandle kwalabo abanesifo se-anorexia nervosa ekujoliswe kuyo injongo yokuqala yokulungisa ubukhulu).
Abaxhasi abacelwa ukuba batshintshe oko badlayo okanye inani lokutya abazidlayo. Ukongezelela, ukutya rhoqo kubangela ukunciphisa ukutya okudityanisiweyo , okudibanisa nexabiso elikhulu lokungenisa amandla.
Abantu abaneengxaki zokutya ngokuqhelekileyo banokuphepha ukungazi ubunzima babo, okanye bazilinganisela rhoqo (imihla ngemihla okanye kaninzi ngamaxesha). Ukuxilwa rhoqo kunengxaki kuba ukuguquka kwemvelo kwimizimba yomzimba ebonakalayo kwinqanaba kubangela umnqweno wokuqhubeka nokunciphisa ukungenisa ukutya kungakhathaliseki ukuba inani lithini: ukuba ubunzima bakho buhla, usenokuthi, "Ndimele ndihlale ukuhlala kwindlela, "ukuba ubunzima bakho buya phezulu, usenokuthi," Ukutya okungcono kukubona ezinye iziphumo. "Ukugwema ukuqonda ubunzima bakho kunokuba yingxaki ekubeni unokucinga ukuba ubunzima bakho buyashintsha ngokukodwa ngendlela uzive, xa, ngokwenene, ubunzima bakho buhlala buzinzile. Ngenxa yoko, ukulinganisa rhoqo, ngokuqhelekileyo kanye ngeveki, kulungile.
Olunye uloyiko oluqhelekileyo kulabo badla ngokutya kukuba ukutya ekuqaleni kwosuku oluqala ngesidlo sakusihlwa kuya kubangela umzekelo ongenakunqunyulwa wokutya ngokutya ngexesha lemihla. Kwakhona, ngelixa ukuphumeza izicwangciso ezongezelelweyo kunye nezakhono ezifunyenwe kunyango, lokoyiko aluqhelekanga. Ukubandakanya umzekelo wokutya wokutya kukuvumela ukuba uqiniseke loloyiko kwaye ufumane ingqondo yokulawula nokuqonda ukuziphatha kwakho kokutya.
Kwabanye, kungathatha iiveki ezininzi ukufikelela ekujoliswe kuyo kokutya ngale ndlela. Nangona ingaba ngumngeni, ukutya rhoqo kunokunceda kwinkqubo yokulwa neengxaki zokutya. Emva kokutya rhoqo, unyango lunokuthi luqhubele kwezinye iimbalo ezigcina ingxaki yokutya, njengokubeka ixabiso eliphezulu kwisisindo nokuma, umphumo wesimo sengqondo esichazayo ngokuziphatha kokutya, kunye nokukhathazeka komzimba.
Inkxaso Yokondla
Abanye ekuhlaleni bangazuza kwiinkxaso ezongezelelweyo zokutya . Ukuxhaswa kokutya kukubonelelwa ngenkxaso ngexesha lokudla, kugxininise ngokukodwa ekuncedeni ukutya okuqhelekileyo.
> Imithombo
> Iziko leZingenelelo zeCliniki (CCI). Ukulwa nokutya okungaxhatshaziyo Icandelo A, iModyuli yesi-5: Ukutya kunye nokuCima
> Fairburn, CG (2008). Iingxaki zengqondo kunye neengxaki zokutya. Guilford Press.