Izixhobo, Ukulinganisa nokuchaneka kwe-PHQ-9
I-PHQ-9 iyimodyuli enye yePowula yeMpilo yePilati yeMpilo, ukuhlolwa ukuba izigulane ziyakwazi ukugqibezela kwisikrini seemeko zempilo yengqondo. Izikrini ze-PHQ-9 ngokukhethekileyo iimpawu okanye iimpawu zokudakumba, kunye nemibuzo yayo engama-9 emifutshane nelula iyakhiwe kwiinkqubo zokudakumba eziye zachongwa kwiNcwadana yokuHlola kunye neSatistim of Distress mentals, edition 4 ( DSM-IV ).
I-PHQ-9 ihlola ezi ndawo:
- Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla kunye nokuzonwabisa xa wenza izinto
- Ndiziva ndixinezelekile okanye ndithemba
- Ubunzima bokulala (okanye ukulala kakhulu, ukulala okanye ukulala)
- Uvakalelwa ukhathala okanye unamandla
- Ukutya okanye ukulahlekelwa ngumdla
- Uvakalelwa kukungaphumeleli okanye udidekile intsapho yakho okanye wena
- Ubunzima ukugxila, njengokuba ubukele umabonwakude okanye ufunda iindaba
- Ukuhamba okanye ukuthetha ngokukhawuleza, okanye ukuthetha okuphambene ngokukhawuleza kwaye kuphethwe
- Ucinga ukuba uya kuba ngcono xa ufile, okanye ufuna ukuba uzilimaze ngandlela-thile
Kwimeko nganye, umntu ubuzwa ukuba bafumana kangangoko oku kuvela kwiiveki ezimbini zokugqibela; kungekhona, iintsuku eziliqela, ngaphezulu kwesigama seentsuku, okanye phantse yonke imihla.
Umbuzo we-10 uphendulwa ukuba ngaba nayiphi na ingxelo engentla iphendulwa ngo "ewe": Kunzima kangakanani ukuba wenze umsebenzi wakho, unakekele izinto ekhaya, okanye uhlangane nabanye?
Impendulo yeempendulo yilezi: akunjalo, kunzima, kunzima kakhulu okanye kunzima kakhulu.
I-PHQ-9 ifunyenwe njani?
Ukulinganisa kwisitatimende ngasinye kulandelayo:
- Akunjalo: 0
- Iintsuku eziliqela: 1
- Isiqingatha seentsuku: 2
- Phantse yonke imihla: 3
Amanqaku athile kumbuzo asithoba ayongezwa kwaye angabelana ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya ku-27.
Amanqaku angaphezu kwama-20 abonisa ukudakumba okukhulu (ubunzima) apho ukudibanisa imithi yokuxhatshazwayo kunye neengqondo zengqondo (ukucetyiswa ngonyango) kuya kuboniswa.
Ukulinganisa phakathi kwe-15 no-19 kubonisa ukuxinezeleka okukhulu (ngokukhawuleza kunzima), apho imithi yokuxhatshazwayo okanye i-psychotherapy iyakulungeleka.
Ukulinganisa phakathi kwe-10 no-14 kubonisa uluhlu lwezinto ezinokwenzeka phakathi kokuncincizeka kwengcinezelo, i- dysthymia kunye nokudakumba okukhulu (okunyanisekileyo). Iimpendulo ezichazwe kuloluhlu lwezinto zokufaka amanqaku lubandakanya imishanguzo yokuxhatshazela okanye isifo sengqondo. Kwabanye abantu kuloluhlu, impendulo yokubukela nokulinda ikwafaneleka.
Amanqaku aphakathi ko-5 no-9 abonisa iimpawu ezincinci zokudakumba eziza kufuna imfundo malunga nokudakumba, imiyalelo yokubiza ukuba iimpawu zanda, kunye nokuphononongwa kwakhona ngenyanga.
Ngubani ophuhlisa i-PHQ-9?
I-PHQ-9 yinye icandelo lemibuzo ye-Health Completely Questionnaire. Umbuzo WezeMpilo Wezonyango wenziwe nguRobert L. Spitzer, uJanet BW Williams, uKurt Kroenke kunye noogxa babo e-Columbia University. Yaqulunqwa ngo-2001 ukwenzela ukuncedisa ukujonga iingxaki zempilo yengqondo ezifana nokudandatheka kunye nokuxhalabangela okungabangela okanye ukwandisa ezinye iinkxalabo zempilo.
Ichanekile njani i-PHQ-9?
Iziphumo ezininzi zophando ziye zavavanya ukuthembeka (ukuhambelana) kunye nokuchaneka (ukuchaneka) kwe-PHQ-9. Iziphumo zibonise ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba i-PHQ-9 iyindlela efanelekileyo yokulinganisa ukudandatheka. Izifundo ziye zaqinisekisa ukuba i-PHQ-9 ichonga ngokuchanekileyo ubukho bexinzelelo, kunye nokunyaniseka koxinzelelo.
Abantu abaye bafundiswa ukuvavanya ukuphumelela kwe-PHQ-9 kubandakanya abafazi kwiiklinikhi zonyango jikelele zangaphakathi, izigulane kwintsapho, kunye neyabantu abanesifo sokuhluthwa, i-migraines, isifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, isifo somhlaza ukulimala kwetambo, i-multiple sclerosis, umhlaza, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, i-HIV kunye ne-glaucoma, ukubiza ngambalwa.
I-PHQ-9 iye yafundiswa kuwo wonke umntu oseminyakeni engama-10 ubudala, abadala abadala kunye nabantu abadala.
Olunye uphando luye lwajonga indlela i-PHQ-9 eyijonga ngayo kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwezinye iilwimi, amazwe kunye neenkcubeko, kubandakanywa ulwimi lwezandla lwaseSpeyin naseBrithani, kunye neChina yasemaphandleni, iNepal, Japan, eJamani nase-Uganda. Iziphumo zophando ziye zabonisa ukuba i-PHQ-9 iyinqanaba elichanekileyo lokudakumba kwiilwimi eziliqela, amazwe kunye neenkcubeko.
Ukongezelela, uphando oluthile lufumene ukuba i-PHQ-9 ingalawulwa ngefowuni kwaye iza kunika iziphumo ezichanekileyo. Oku kunokuba luncedo ekulandeleni abantu abangakwaziyo okanye abanqweneli ukuba bafike kwi-aphoyintimited appointment.
Kuphi na nini i-PHQ-9 isetyenziswa?
I-PHQ-9 nguvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lubandakanywe njengenxalenye yovavanyo olubanzi. Umzekelo, luvavanyo lwekota nganye olufunekayo njengenxalenye yeSicwangciso esinqununu seNgcaciso sokuba iiCandelo zeMedare kunye neMedicaid zifuna bonke abahlali basekhaya abahlengikazi.
I-PHQ-9 nguvavanyo oluqhelekileyo olubandakanya uviwo oluqhelekileyo olwenziwe ngumgqirha wokukhathalela oyintloko ukunceda ekuhloleni isigulane. Inokuthi ibe yinxalenye yenkqubo yokuhlola i-psychiatric epheleleyo ehlola zonke iinkalo zempilo yengqondo.
Kutheni kuhlola ukuxinezeleka kubalulekile?
Ukuxinezeleka kunokubonakalisa ngeendlela ezininzi. Ukongeza kokudabuka kunye neemvakalelo ezingathembekiyo ezinokubangela, ukuxinezeleka kunokuba negalelo kwiimpawu ezininzi zomzimba ezenza abantu bafune unyango. Kubalulekile ukufumanisa imbangela yezikhalazo eziphathekayo, kwaye ngelixa amaninzi, kukho isizathu sezonyango seempawu ezikhoyo, ngamanye amaxesha, ezo zibonakaliso zihambelana nemeko yengqondo yengqondo, njengokudandatheka okanye ukuxhalabisa. Ukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo ezi zinto kubangela unyango olungakumbi.
Ukuxinezeleka ngenye yeemeko zempilo yengqondo, kunyango nge-psychotherapy (ukucebisa iingcebiso), imishanguzo (i-anti-depressants), okanye ukudibanisa kokubili. Abaqeqeshi bezempilo bahlinzekela ngononophelo lwempilo kwizigulane zabo xa belungisa ngokwaneleyo umntu wonke, kubandakanywa nenxalenye yempilo yengqondo. Ukuphatha uxinzelelo oluphantsi (okanye ngaphezulu) lunokuphucula umgangatho wobomi, kunye nokugcina ubuncwane bezinto eziyimali ezingabhalwa ngokungafanelekanga ekuphatheni imiba engokwenyama kunokukhathazeka kwezempilo yengqondo.
ILizwi
I-PHQ-9 ngumvavanyo onokulawulwa ngokwawo. Kufutshane, kuthatha imizuzu emibini ukugqiba. Ikhululekile, kwaye iboniswe ukuba isebenze kwizicwangciso ezininzi kunye neemeko. Kwakhona akudingi uqeqesho oluphambili lokulawula okanye amanqaku, okwenza kube lula kwaye kuphumelele indlela yokuvavanya ukuxinezeleka.
Ukuchonga ukuxinezeleka kuyisinyathelo esibalulekileyo ekuphatheni kakuhle umntu wonke. I-PHQ-9 yindlela echanekileyo yokudakumba, ukufezekisa lo msebenzi ngokukhawuleza nangokulula.
> Imithombo:
> Iziko loVavanyo lweMigangatho kunye nokuPhucula kwiMpilo yengqondo. Imibuzo yeMpilo yeMonde (PHQ-9) http://www.cqaimh.org/pdf/tool_phq9.pdf
> Farzanfar R, Ilapha apha T, Fava J, Davis J, Vachon L, Friedman R. Iimpahla zePhysical Properties of Automated-based based PHQ-9. I-Telemedicine Journal kunye ne-E-Health . 2014; 20 (2): 115-121. i-doi: 10.1089 / tmj.2013.0158. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3910472/
> Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JBW. I-PHQ-9: Ukuqinisekiswa koxinzelelo olufutshane Uxinzelelo lobungakanani. I-Journal yeGrimeli yangaphakathi . 2001; 16 (9): 606-613. i-doi: 10.1046 / j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1495268/
> Muñoz-Navarro R, Cano-Vindel A, Medrano LA, et al. Ukusebenza kwe-PHQ-9 ukuchonga ingxaki enkulu yokudandatheka kwizigulane zabantu abadala kwizibonelelo zokunakekelwa eziphambili zaseSpain. BMC Psychiatry . 2017; 17: 291. I-doi: 10.1186 / s12888-017-1450-8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5550940/
> Yunivesithi yaseWashington. IZIKOLO. Uxinzelelo lwe-PHQ-9. https://aims.uw.edu/resource-library/phq-9-depression-scale