Xa abantu bethetha ngeemvavanyo zengqondo, bahlala bebuza ukuba uvavanyo luvumelekile okanye cha. Kuthetha ukuthini oku oku? Ukuqinisekiswa ngumlinganiselo wendlela uvavanyo olunokumisela ngayo ukuba ibango lilinganisa.
Uvavanyo lwengqondo luyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yezophando zophando kunye nokonyango lwezonyango. Enye yezona nkxalabo xa kudala uvavanyo lwezengqondo kukuba ingaba okanye empeleni lilinganisa oko sicinga ukuba lilinganisa.
Ngokomzekelo, uvavanyo lusetyenziswe ukulinganisa umgangatho wobuntu kodwa ubeke imilinganiselo engapheliyo eyenziwa yimeko yendawo okanye yendalo. Uvavanyo oluvakalayo luqinisekisa ukuba iziphumo zibonakalisa ngokuchanekileyo kobukhulu obuphantsi kokuhlola.
Ngoko kuthetha ukuthini ukuvavanya ukuba ube nokusebenza?
Ukuqinisekiswa kukulinganisela ukuba uvavanyo lusetyenziswa njani ukuba ibango lilinganisa. Kubalulekile ukuba uvavanyo lube lusebenza ukuze iziphumo zichaneke ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ziguqulelwe.
Ukuqinisekiswa akuqinisekanga ngoluhlu olulodwa, kodwa ngumzimba wophando obonisa ubudlelwane phakathi kokuvavanya nokuziphatha okujoliswe ukulinganisa. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zokuqinisekisa:
1. Ukuqinisekiswa kokuqukethwe
Xa ukuvavanya kunelungelo lokuqukethwe, izinto ezivivinywayo zimela lonke uluhlu lwezinto ezinokuthi uvavanyo lufanele lufake. Imibuzo yovavanyo lomntu ngamnye ingathathwa kwiqela elikhulu lezinto ezibandakanya uluhlu olubanzi lwezihloko.
Kwamanye amaxesha apho uvavanyo lubeka umlinganiselo onzima ukuluchaza, ijaji yengcali inokulinganisa ukufaneleka komntu ngamnye. Ngenxa yokuba ijaji ngalinye lixhomekeke kwisilinganiselo sabo kwimbono, abagwebi ababini abazimeleyo bavavanya uvavanyo ngokwahlukileyo. Izinto ezibalwe njengezona zihambelana ngokubini ngabagwebi ziya kufakwa kuvavanyo lokugqibela.
2. Ukuqinisekiswa okuhambisana neCriterion
Uvavanyo lukhankanywe ukuba lunobungqina obuhambelana nomgaqo-mvavanyo xa uvavanyo lubonakalise ukusebenza kwawo ekuqikelelweni kweempawu okanye izikhombisi zokwakha-umzekelo, xa umqeshi eqesha abasebenzi abatsha ngokusetyenziselwa iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zokuqesha abantu, imfundo kunye namava. Le ndlela ibonisa ukuba abantu abaqhuba kakuhle ekuvavanyeni baya kwenza kakuhle emsebenzini, kwaye abantu abanamaqondo aphantsi ovavanyo baya kwenza kakubi emsebenzini.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokuchaneka komqathango:
- Ukuqinisekiswa ngokufanayo kuyenzeka xa kulandelwa amanyathelo omqathango ngexesha elifanayo njengamaxabiso okuvavanya. Oku kubonisa ubungakanani bolu vavanyo ovavanyo oluchanekileyo ngokumalunga nombuso okhoyo ngoku ngokubhekiselele kumqathango. Ngokomzekelo, ekuvavanyeni okulinganisa amanqanaba okudakumba, uvavanyo luya kuthiwa luvumelekile ngokulinganayo ukuba lukulinganisa amanqanaba okwangoku okwexinzelelo okufunyanwa ngumlinganisi wokuhlola.
- Ukuqinisekiswa kokuQaliswa kwenzeke xa kulandelwa amanyathelo omqathango ngexesha elithile emva kokuvavanya. Imizekelo yokuvavanya nokuqinisekiswa kwangaphambili kukuba ngumsebenzi okanye uvavanyo lweempawu , ezinokubaluleka ekuqaliseni ukuba ngubani oza kuphumelela okanye angaphumeleli kwizifundo ezithile okanye imisebenzi ethile.
3. Yakha ukuqinisekiswa
Uvavanyo lwakhiwo olufanelekileyo ukuba lubonisa umbutho phakathi kwamanqaku okuvavanya kunye nokuchazwa kwendlela yokufunda.
Iimvavanyo zengqondo ngumnye umzekelo wezixhobo zokulinganisa okumele zenze ukufaneleka. Uvavanyo oluvakalayo lwengqondo kufuneka lukwazi ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo ukwakhiwa kwengqondo kunezinye iimpawu ezinjengememori okanye izinga lemfundo.
Okubalulekileyo, umgangatho wokubheka ujonge ukuba ngaba uvavanyo lubandakanya uluhlu olupheleleyo lweendlela zokuziphatha ezakhayo zokwakhiwa. Inkqubo apha kukuchonga imisebenzi efunekayo ukwenza umsebenzi njengokuthayipha, ukuyila, okanye ukukwazi ukwenza izinto. Ukuze kukhonjiswe umxholo wokusebenza wenkqubo yokhetho, iimpawu ezibonakalisiweyo ekukhetheni kufuneka zibe isampuli esimeleyo yokuziphatha komsebenzi.
Ukuqinisekiswa kobuso
Enye indlela esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekanga ngenxa yokuba ayinakunqabileyo kakhulu ibhekane nokusebenza. Isekelwe kuphela kwindlela yokubonakala kwemilinganiselo kunye nento ekufuneka ilinganiswe ngayo, kodwa kungekhona oko uvavanyo oluye lwenziwa.
Ubungqina bokubambisana ngenye yezona zinto ziphambili zokusebenza. Okubalulekileyo, abaphandi bathatha nje ukuqinisekiswa kovavanyo kwixabiso elijongene nokujonga ukuba ngaba uvavanyo lubonakala lukulinganisa i-variable variable. Ngomlinganiselo wolonwabo, umzekelo, uvavanyo luya kuthiwa lufanelekile ubuso ukuba lubonakala lubonakala kwimilinganiselo yolonwabo.
Kucacile, ukufaneleka kombuso kuthetha ukuba uvavanyo lubukeka lusebenza. Akuthethi ukuba uvavanyo luye lwabonakaliswa ukusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba imilinganiselo ibonakala iyasebenza kweli nqanaba, abaphandi bangaphonononga ngakumbi ukuze baqinisekise ukuba uvavanyo luvumelekile kwaye lufanele lusetyenziswe kwikamva.
Okubalulekileyo, ubume bokufaneleka kukuba ingaba uvavanyo lubonakala lubonisa oko kufuneka lulinganise. Kubandakanya ukuthatha uvavanyo njengobunzima bomntu.
Uphando olubuza abantu ukuba ngubani umviwa wezopolitiko abaceba ukuvota kuzo kuthiwa unobuso obuphezulu. Injongo yovavanyo icacile, kubantu abangaqhelekanga nge-psychometrics.
Uvavanyo olunzima olusetyenziswa njengenxalenye yoluvo lwengqondo olujongene nobuninzi beempawu, iimpawu kunye nokuziphatha kunokuthi kuthiwa unobuso obuphantsi. Injongo ecacileyo yovavanyo ayikhawulezi ngokukhawuleza, ngakumbi kubathathi-nxaxheba.
Ngokucacileyo, ngoxa ukujamelana nokusebenza kungenokuba yinto efanelekileyo yokugqiba ukuba uvavanyo lubonakala lulinganisa oko lukulinganiselayo, ukufaneleka komntu wedwa akuthethi ukuba uvavanyo lusebenza ngokusemthethweni. Ngamanye amaxesha uvavanyo lubonakala ngathi lilinganisa into enye, ngelixa lilinganisa into enye.