Kwiminyaka yakutshanje bekukho inani lamabali kwiindaba ezibonisa ukuba ngezinye iimpembelelo eziphazamisayo ezikhunjulwayo . Izinkumbulo ezingamanga zolwaphulo-mthetho kunye nokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo kunokuba nemiphumo emibi kummangaleli nakummangalelwa, kodwa ezininzi iziganeko zenkumbulo ezingamanga zibi kakhulu kwaye zenzeka ngexesha elimangalisayo. Abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuba ininzi yethu inokukhumbula izinto ezintle, ezivela kwizinto zethu ezikhethiweyo kunye nokukhetha kwiziganeko zezinto ezenzeka ngaphambili ebomini bethu.
Ngako oko le nkumbulo engamanga ifanele njani kwizenzo zethu?
Iikhumbuzo ezingamanga ziyakwenza impembelelo yakho yokudla
Ngomnye uvavanyo malunga nendlela iimfundiso zobuxoki ezichaphazela ngayo ukuziphatha, abaphandi babumba imemori yamanga ngokubonisa ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba babulale emva kokutya isaladi yeqanda njengomntwana. Emva koko, abathathi-nxaxheba babekwe ngeentlobo ezine ezahlukeneyo zeesanti, ezibandakanya i-sandwich yeqanda leqanda.
Okumangalisa kukuba, abo babekholelwe yimemori yamanga yokugula njengomntwana babonisa ukutshintsha kwindlela yokuziphatha kunye nesimo sengqondo malunga nokukhethwa kwekhedi leqanda. Abo babethonywe yimemori yamanga bagweba isaladi yeqanda kwaye banikezela ukulinganisa ngaphantsi kunabanye abathathi-nxaxheba abangazange bavelise imemori yamanga. Kwiinyanga ezine emva koko, abathathi-nxaxheba baqhubeka bebonisa ukukhutshwa okufanayo kwenkqubo yeladi yeqanda.
Ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukuba akunakwenzeka kuphela ukuba iinkumbulo zamanga zenziwe ngokulula ngokucetyiswa; Inkumbulo engafanelekanga inokuba nefuthe elibonakalayo ekuphatheni.
Izikhumbuzo zamanga Iingxaki zokugqibela zoBomi
Iingcamango ezingamanga zinokuba nefuthe kwizigqibo abantu abazenzayo ekupheleni kobomi babo, njengoluhlobo lwenyango abayifunayo, uhlobo lokunyamekela abanqwenela ukuba nalo, nokuba ingaba bangafuni ukuba bangenelelo lokusindisa.
Iimfuno zokuphila zidla ngokuqhelekileyo njengeendlela eziqinisekileyo zomlilo zokuqinisekisa ukuba izifiso zethu zokuphela kokuphila ziyabonwa.
Injongo yokuphila iyimqulu esemthethweni eyenzelwe ukubalisa umnqweno xa kwenzeka ukuba umntu ugula kakhulu kwaye akakwazi ukuthetha. Olu xwebhu luhlala lubandakanya ulwazi oluthe ngqo malunga nohlobo lwenyango, ukunakekelwa, kunye nokungenelela okwenziwa ngumntu okanye akafuni ukuba nalo xa egule.
Ngaba ukuhlala ngokuthanda kuya kubonisa ngokuchanekileyo izigqibo zobomi? Ngokwenziwe uphando olwalupapashwe kwi-APA kwiphepha le- Psychology yezeMpilo , le miyalelo ingeyona into ekholisayo baninzi bakholelwa ukuba ukhetho luya kutshintshwa ngokuhamba kwexesha ngaphandle kokuba umntu azi ukuba ezi zinguqulelo.
Uthi: "Ukuphila okulungileyo kuyinto efanelekileyo kwaye kanoku kunceda kakhulu kwizigqibo ekufuneka zenziwe ngasekupheleni kobomi," kuchaza uPeter Ditto weYunivesithi yaseCalifornia-Irvine. "Kodwa ingcamango yokuba unokwenza ugcwalise uxwebhu kwaye zonke iingxaki zakho ziza kusombululwa, ingcamango edlalwa rhoqo kwiimidiya ezidumileyo, ziphosakeleyo."
Kulo cwaningo, abathathi-nxaxheba abangama-401 abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 babuzwa malunga noluphi unyango oluza kulufunayo, olufana neCPR kunye ne-tube feedings, ukuba begula kakhulu. Kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinesibini emva koko, aba bantu bacelwa ukuba bakhumbule ukhetho ababenziwe kwintlanganiso yokuqala.
Phantse i-third-third of the respondents yatshintshe iinqwenela zabo ngaphezu konyaka. Okumangalisa kukuba, i-75% yabantu bayikhumbula ngokugqithisileyo imbono yabo yangaphambili kwimpilo eyahlukeneyo yokuphela. Abaphandi baphinde baxoxa nabantu abaphethe igunya ukwenza izigqibo ezinjalo xa abathathi-nxaxheba bengasakwazi. Laba bantu babonisa ukuqonda okungaphantsi kweenguqu kubathandekayo babo abanqwenela, kunye naba-86% abaphenduliweyo abonisa iimbulelo ezingamanga.
I-Ditto ibonisa ukuba ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukuba ukuthanda izinto kufuneka kube "nomhla wokuphela." Kodwa yintoni abantu abayenzayo ukuze baqinisekise ukuba izifiso zabo zokugqibela zilandelwa.
U-Ditto wachaza wathi: "Kwinqanaba lomntu," uphando lwethu lugxininisa ukubaluleka kokugcina intetho eqhubekayo phakathi kwabantu, iintsapho zabo kunye noogqirha babo malunga neendlela zokwenza unyango lokuphela.
Izikhumbuzo Zingenakho Ukufumana Ukuphila Okutshintshayo kunye Neziphumo Ezibulalayo
Kwamanye amaxesha, iinkumbulo ezingamanga ziye zaba nefuthe elimangalisayo kunye nephazamisayo ebomini babantu. Ngokomzekelo, omnye wesifazane waseWisconsin wafuna uncedo kumfoli wezifo zengqondo, owasebenzisa iindlela ezininzi zokunceda "ukutyhila" iinkumbulo eziphazamisayo zeziganeko ezibuhlungu. Kunoko, ezi ndlela zokukholisa zanqwenela ukuba umfazi wayedlwenguliwe, enkolweni, enyanzelekile ukuba adle iintsana, kwaye wayebone ukubulawa komhlobo wakhe omhle xa esemntwana. Kamva umfazi waqaphela ukuba le nkumbulo yayiyinyaniso kwaye yayisungulwe ngumfuphi wakhe wezifo zengqondo, okubangela ukugwetywa kunye nesigwebo se-dollar esingama-2.4 million.
Iingcamango ezingamanga ziye zakhokelela ekumangalelwa ngamanga kunye nokukholelwa ngamanga kwiintlobo zolwaphulo-mthetho, kuquka ukuhlukunyezwa ngokwesondo. Ngokomzekelo, ngo-1994 umfundisi oneminyaka engama-26 ubudala oneminyaka engama-26 ubudala wayesebenza entolongweni emva kokuvalelwa ngamatyala angama-115 ngokuxhaphaza ngokwesondo ngo-20 abantwana bakhe. Ukuphononongwa kwangaphambili yikomiti eyenziwe malunga neengcali ezingama-50 zagqiba ukuba ezininzi zeengxelo ezingenakwenzeka ezichasene nommangalelwa (oku kuquka ukunyanzelisa abantwana ukuba badle iimfesane kunye nokuzibetha ngeemigu neefoloko) bezingcoliswa yizikhumbuzo zamanga. Ngenxa yoko, ummangalelwa wagwetywa.
Iingcamango ezingamanga zinokubangelwa yingozi. Kwimeko embi, umama ogama linguLyn Balfour wengozi yakhehlwa yindodana yakhe enyangeni enesithoba kwinqwelo yakhe imoto njengoko wayeya emsebenzini omnye ekuseni. Ngethuba lafumanisa iphutha lakhe, kwakungasekho. Njengoko amaqondo afudumele afinyelela kwi-Fahrenheit engama-110 ngaphakathi kwelo moto, unyana wakhe wabulawa ngu-hyperthermia.
Yintoni enxulumene nokukhumbula okungamanga? Kwiimeko ezininzi, ezi zenzekile xa abazali bekholelwa ngokugqithiseleyo ukuba bawahlalisa abantwana babo ekunakekeleni kwamasango okanye kubantwana babantwana. Kwimeko yeBalfour, ukuyeka indoda yakhe emsebenzini ngaloo ntsasa kwamshukumisela ukuba acinge ukuba wayemnqamle unyana wakhe kumntwana. Okubalulekileyo, wakheka inkumbulo yamanga yokumisa unyana wakhe, ekhokelela ukuba ayikhohlwe ukuba umntwana wayesenjalo kwisemva.
"Ndikhumbule ukuphosa uBryce, ukuthetha nomntwana omncinci. Yiloo nto ekuthiwa yizikhumbuzo ezingamanga. Xa wenza into yonke imihla njengenxalenye yenkqubo, unokukhumbula ukuyenza, nokuba awuzange uyenze," u-Balfour wachazela u -Guardian .
Kuzwakala ngathi iphutha elingenakuqondakala - okanye ngakumbi, isenzo sokunganakwa komntwana. Sekunjalo minyaka yonke eUnited States, umyinge wabantwana abangama-38 bafa kwiimoto ezishisayo, ngokuphindaphindiweyo emva kokulibalelwa ngabanonophelo. Kwiinkoliso ezininzi, abazali abayithandabuzekiyo, abantu abangenakuziphendulela onokuzilindela. Kunoko, baninzi ngabazali abanothando abaxakeke kakhulu okanye baphazamiseke baze benze impazamo enkulu yeememori.
"Inkumbulo ngumshini, kwaye akukho nto iphosakeleyo," uDavid Diamond, uprofesa we-physiology e-Yunivesithi yaseMzantsi Florida, wachazela umlobi uGen Weingarten kwinqaku le -Washington Post . "Ingqondo yethu ibeka phambili izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu, kodwa kumgangatho weselula, inkumbulo yethu ayikuthi. Ukuba unako ukulibala i-cellphone yakho, unokukwazi ukulibala umntanakho."
Ngelixa abantu bahlala befunda amabali anjalo baze bacinge ngoko, "Akunakuze kwenzeke kum. ubungqina bubonisa ngenye indlela. Uphando luye lwabonisa ukuba wonke umntu unengxaki yokukhumbula amanga, kwanabantu abanememori enhle.
Iingcamango Zokugqibela
Nangona ngezinye iinkhathi sicinga ngezikhumbuzo zobuxoki ngokungathi ziqhathaniswa, abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuba iinkumbulo ezinjalo ziqhelekile kwaye zenziwe lula. Mhlawumbi kubaluleke ngakumbi, iingcali ziye zafumanisa ukuba nabo banokukhumbula okulungileyo kakhulu banokukwazi ukwenza izinto ezibuxoki. Okubalulekileyo mhlawumbi ukuqonda ukuba imemori yakho inobungozi kwingcaciso engafanelekanga kwaye mhlawumbi awukwazi ukubeka ithemba eninzi kwimemori yakho njengoko unokucinga.
Funda kabanzi malunga:
> Imithombo:
> Balfour, L. (2012, Jan. 20). Amava: Umntwana wam usweleka emotweni yemoto. Guardian .
> Brainerd, CJ, Reyna, VF, & Ceci, SJ (2008). Ukuguqulwa koPhuhliso kwiNkumbulo engamanga: Ukuhlaziywa kweenkcukacha kunye neNkcazelo. I-Psychological Bulletin, 134 (3), 343-382.
> Loftus, EF (1997). Ukudala Imemori Engamanga. Scientific American, 277 (3), 70-75.
> Geraerts, E. (2008). Uvavanyo olutsha lubonisa iimpendulo zobuxoki ezichaphazela ukuziphatha. Umbutho weSayensi yeNzululwazi. Kubuyiselwa
> Sharman, SJ, Garry, M., Jacobsen, JA, Loftus, EF kunye ne-Ditto, PH Izikhumbuzo zobuxoki zokugqiba kwezinto zokugqibela. I-Psychology yezeMpilo, 27 (2), 291-296.
> Weingarten, G. (2009, Matshi 8). Ukuphazamiseka Kwemvakalelo: Ukulibala Umntwana kwiNgqolowa yeCar Isingqinisiso esilumkiso. Ngaba Lubugebengu? IWashington Post.