I-multultasking inganciphisa umveliso, kodwa inokuchaphazela impilo yengqondo
I-Multitasking ibonakala ngathi yindlela enkulu yokufumana uninzi okwenziwe kanye kanye. Nangona kubonakala ngathi ufezekisa izinto ezininzi ngokukhawuleza, uphando luye lwabonisa ukuba ubuchopho bethu abukuhle kakhulu ekusebenzeni imisebenzi emininzi njengoko sifuna ukucinga ukuba siyiyo. Enyanisweni, abanye abaphandi bacetyisa ukuba i-multitasking inganciphisa imveliso ngamaxa angama-40 ekhulwini!
Yiyiphi eyenza i-massage ishicilelwe ngumbulali? Kungathi ngathi ufumana izinto ezininzi zenzeke ngexesha elifanayo, kodwa oko wenzayo ngokukhawuleza ukutshintsha ingqalelo yakho kwaye ugxininise ukusuka kwinto enye ukuya elandelayo. Ukutshintsha ukusuka komnye umsebenzi ukuya kwelinye kwenza kube nzima ukukhupha iziphazamiso kwaye kunokubangela ukuba izithintelo zengqondo zinganciphisa.
Ngaba Yonke Into Eyenzayo Yenza Ukwenene Kakhulu?
Thatha isikhashana uze ucinge ngezinto zonke ozenzayo ngoku. Kucacile ukuba ufunda le nqaku, kodwa amathuba okuba wenza izinto ezininzi ngexesha elilodwa. Mhlawumbi uphulaphule umculo, uthumele umyalezo kumngane, ukhangele i-imeyili kwenye ithebhu yesiphequluli, okanye udlala umdlalo wekhompyutha.
Ukuba wenza izinto ezahlukeneyo ngokukhawuleza, ngoko unokuba ngabaphandi abhekisela kuyo ngokuthi "i-multitasker enzima". Yaye mhlawumbi ucinga ukuba unobulungisa obuhle kulo msebenzi wokulinganisela.
Ngokwezifundo ezahlukeneyo, kunjalo, mhlawumbi ungeyena osebenzayo kwi-multitasking njengoko ucinga ukuba ungubani .
Kwixesha elidlulileyo, abaninzi abantu babekholelwa ukuba i-multitasking yindlela efanelekileyo yokwandisa umkhiqizo. Emva koko, ukuba usebenza kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ngexesha elilodwa, uya kufeza ngaphezulu, kunene?
Uphando olutshanje, nangona kunjalo, luye lwabonisa ukuba ukutshintsha ukusuka komnye umsebenzi ukuya kwesibini kuthatha umthwalo onzima kwimveliso . I-Multitaskers inenkathazo enkulu yokukhangela iziphazamiso kunabantu abagxila kumsebenzi omnye ngexesha. Kwakhona, ukwenza izinto ezahlukeneyo ngokukhawuleza kunokusenokungonakalisa amandla okuqonda.
Oko Uphando lucebisa
Okokuqala, makhe siqale ngokuchaza oko sithethayo xa sisebenzisa igama elithi multitasking .
- Kungathetha ukwenza imisebenzi emibini okanye ngaphezulu ngexesha elifanayo
- Inokuquka ukutshintsha nokuphuma kwenye into ukuya kwenye
- I-multultasking ingabandakanya ukuqhuba imisebenzi emininzi ngokulandelelana ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe impembelelo ye-multitasking, izazi zeengqondo zacela ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba bafunde ukutshintsha imisebenzi baze baqikelele ixesha elilahlekileyo ngokuguqula. Kwisifundo esithile esenziwa nguRobert Rogers noStephen Monsell, abathathi-nxaxheba bebehamba ngokukhawuleza xa bekufuneka batshintshe imisebenzi kunokuba bephindaphinda umsebenzi omnye.
Olunye uphando oluqhutywe ngo-2001 nguJoshua Rubinstein, uJeffrey Evans noDavid Meyer bafumene ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba balahlekelwa ixesha elininzi njengoko beguqule phakathi kwemisebenzi emininzi kwaye balahlekelwa ixesha elide njengoko imisebenzi yaba nzima.
Ukuqonda oko kuthethwa nguPhando
Kwingqondo , i-multitasking ilawulwa yinto eyaziwa ngokuba yimisebenzi yesigqeba yengqondo.
Le misebenzi yolawulo ilawulayo kwaye ilawula ezinye iinkqubo zokuqonda kunye nokuchonga indlela, kwaye kwaye yintoni eyenza ukuba kwenziwe imisebenzi ethile.
Ngokomphandi uMeyer, uEvans, kunye noRubinstein, kukho iindlela ezimbini zokulawula inkqubo yokulawula.
- Isigaba sokuqala siyaziwa ngokuthi "ukuguquka kwenjongo" (ukugqiba ukwenza enye into esikhundleni somnye).
- Iyesibini iyaziwa ngokuthi "inxaxheba ekusebenziseni" (ukutshintsha ukusuka kwimithetho yomsebenzi wangaphambili kwimithetho yomsebenzi omtsha).
Ukutshintshana phakathi kwezi zinto kunokungongeza iindleko zexesha nje ezimbalwa zeshumi zesibini, kodwa oku kunokuqala ukunyusa xa abantu beqala ukutshintsha ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
Oku kungenzeka kubekho enkulu kwintsebenzo kwezinye iimeko, njengokuba uhlamba impahla kwaye ubukela umabonwakude ngexesha elifanayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unesimo apho ukhuseleko okanye umkhiqizo kubalulekile, njengokuba uqhuba imoto kwindlela ehamba phambili, nokuba neyona nto incinci ingabonakalisa.
Izicelo eziSebenzayo zoPhando loLuntu
I-Meyer ibonisa ukuba umkhiqizo unokuncitshiswa ngamaxa angama-40 ekhulwini kwiibhloko zengqondo ezenziwe xa abantu batshintsha imisebenzi. Kalokunje ukuba uqonda ingozi echaphazelekayo ye-multitasking, ungafaka olu lwazi ukusebenza ukuze ukwandise imveliso yakho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Ewe, le meko idlala indima ebalulekileyo. Umzekelo:
- Iindleko zokutshintsha imisebenzi ngexesha uthumela umhlobo kunye nokubukela umdlalo webhola mhlawumbi awuyi kubangela naziphi na iingxaki ezinkulu.
- Nangona kunjalo, loo ngqutyana yesibini ithatha ukutshintsha imisebenzi ingathetha ubomi okanye ukufa kumntu oqhuba ngelo xesha xa ezama ukufumana isiteshi somsakazo esihle okanye ukuthetha kwifowuni.
Ngexesha elizayo xa uzakufumana ezininzi xa uzama ukuvelisa, thabatha uvavanyo olukhawulezayo lwezinto ezahlukeneyo ozama ukuzenza. Ukuphelisa iziphazamiso kwaye uzama ukugxila kumsebenzi omnye ngexesha.
Ngaba Ukuxhamla Ubunzima Bakho Ubunzima?
Kwihlabathi elinamhlanje elinomatasa, ukuxakeka kwezinto ezininzi kuninzi kakhulu. Ukugqithisa imisebenzi kunye neemfanelo ezininzi kunokubonakala ngathi yindlela efanelekileyo yokufumana eninzi, kodwa njengoko ubonile, ukuzama ukwenza okungaphezulu kweyodwa ngexesha kunokunciphisa ukuvelisa nokusebenza. Gxininisa kumsebenzi omnye ngexesha, iingcali ezininzi zibonisa, ukuze ufumane umsebenzi ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo.
Naliphi na umzuzu onokuthi ungathumela umyalezo kumhlobo, uguqule phakathi kweefestile ezininzi kwikhompyutheni yakho, ulalele ukutshatyalaliswa komabonwakude, kwaye uthetha nomhlobo kwifowuni yonke kanye! Xa sifumana umzuzu onokuthula apho akukho nto ifuna ukuba sinakekele, sinokuzifumana singakwazi ukuphepha ukuphazamiseka kwezixhobo zethu ezithandayo okanye amajelo eendaba ezentlalo.
Ngoko ngelixa siyazi ukuba konke oku kuphazamiseka kunye nokuxakeka kwezinto ezininzi akunakulungele ukuvelisa imveliso yakho, ngaba kungenzeka ukuba yinto embi kwimpilo yengqondo yakho? Yimpembelelo enjani loo ntshukumo yokuvuselela ingqondo ekuhlakuleleni iingqondo?
I-Multitasking ngokuqinisekileyo ayikho into emitsha, kodwa imilambo eqhubekayo yolwazi evela kwimithombo eyahlukileyo eyahlukeneyo ibonisa inqaku elitsha kwi-puzzle ye-multitasking.
Uphando lucebisa iimpembelelo zeMultitasking iBrain
Kuya kubakho nabantu ababhekisiwe njengeempahla ezinzima ze-multitaskers azikho kakuhle kakhulu kwi-multitasking.
Ngophando olunye luka-2009, umphandi waseYunivesithi yaseStford, uClifford Nass, wabona ukuba abantu ababethatyathwa njengabantu abaninzi be-multitaskers babengendawo ngakumbi ekuhleleni ulwazi olufanelekileyo kwiinkcukacha ezingenanto. Oku kuyamangalisa kuba bekucingwe ukuba le nto inzima kakhulu i-multitaskers iya kuba ngcono. Kodwa loo yayingeyena yodwa ingxaki ezi zinto zijongene nazo. Kwakhona babonisa ubunzima obukhulu xa bevela kumsebenzi omnye ukuya kwelinye kwaye babecwangciswe ngengqondo.
Yiyiphi eyona nto yatshitshisa kakhulu ngeziphumo, kamva uNass wakhankanya kwi- NPR , ngaba zezi ziphumo zenzeke nangona ezi zininzi ezixakekileyo zingenakwenzeka. Uphononongo luye lwabonisa ukuba nangona la maxesha angamaxesha angapheliyo agxininise emsebenzini omnye, ubuchopho babo bebusebenza kangangoko kwaye busebenza kakuhle.
"Siye sifunda abantu ababengama-multitaskers angapheliyo, kwaye nangona singazange sibacele ukuba benze nantoni na ecaleni kwinqanaba le-multitasking abazenzayo, iinkqubo zabo zengqondo zazingasebenzi. kuphela okufunekayo ukuba i-multitasking kodwa into esiyicinga ngokubhekiselele kwingcinga ejulile, "uNass watshela i-NPR kwingxoxiswano ka-2009.
Ingaba umonakalo ovela kwi-multitasking osisigxina, okanye uya kuphelisa ukukhupha i-multitasking umonakalo? U-Nass uphakamise ukuba ngelixa uphando oluqhubekayo lufunekayo, ubungqina obukhoyo bubonisa ukuba abantu abayeke ukukhupha i-multitasking baya kukwazi ukwenza ngcono.
Iingcali ziphinda zicebise ukuba impembelelo engafanelekanga yezinto ezininzi ezingasigxina, ezinokubangela i-multitasking ingase ibe yingozi kakhulu engqondweni yabantu abaselula . Kule minyaka, ngokukodwa, ubuchopho bentsha baxakeke benza izinto ezibalulekileyo ze-neural.
Ukugxininisa ingqalelo encinci kwaye iphazamiseka rhoqo ngemifudlana eyahlukeneyo yolwazi ingaba nefuthe elibi, elide, elide, elichaphazela indlela ezidibanisa ngayo. Nangona le ndawo ifuna ukuba uphando olunzulu, iingcali zikholelwa ukuba abatsha-abo bahlala bebandakanya kumajelo enkxaso-mhlaba ngokubanzi kakhulu - banokuthi bangakhuselekanga nakweyiphi imiphumo emibi ye-multitasking.
Ukunciphisa iziphumo ezimbi
Ngoko ke kufuneka uyenze ntoni ukuze ugweme impembelelo engafanelekanga yokwenza i-multitasking?
- Ngokutsho kukaNass, ukunciphisa inani lezinto ozigubungelayo nayiphi na ixesha elithile kwimisebenzi emibini nje.
- Ngaphandle koko, wakhuthaza oko wayekubhekisele kuyo ngokuthi "umgaqo wemizuzu engama-20." Esikhundleni sokutshintsha rhoqo kwaye uphume komsebenzi omnye ukuya kwelinye, zama ukunikela ingqwalasela yakho ngomsebenzi omnye kwimizuzu engama-20 ngaphambi kokuba uguqule emsebenzini olandelayo. Ngoko, esikhundleni sokutshintsha nokuhamba phakathi kokubhala ingxelo esikolweni nokwenza umsebenzi wesikolo sakho semisebenzi, sebenzisa imizuzu engama-20 kwisabelo esinye ngaphambi kokutshintsha ukugxila kwingqalelo elandelayo.
Kodwa i-Multitasking Ayisoloko iyingozi
Ngokwenziwe ngabaphandi abavela kwiChina University yaseHong Kong, i-multitasking ingasayi kuba yinto embi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Umsebenzi wabo ubonisa ukuba abantu ababandakanya kwi-media multitasking, aka basebenzise olunye uhlobo lwamajelo okanye uhlobo lwethekhnoloji ngangoko, kungcono ukuba badibanise ulwazi olubonwayo nolwaziweyo.
Kuhlolisiso olupapashwe kwi- Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , abathathi-nxaxheba bephakathi kweminyaka eyi-19 kunye ne-28 ubudala babuzwa ukuba bazalise umbuzo malunga nokusetyenziswa kwabo kweendaba. Abathathi-nxaxheba bagqiba umsebenzi wokukhangela obabini kunye kunye nangaphandle kunye nesandi esicacisayo sokubonisa ukuba into yatshintsha umbala.
Abo babebezindaba bee-multitaskers benza ngcono ekukhangekeni okubonakalayo xa kuthengiswa ithowuni yokucwaninga, ebonisa ukuba banengqondo ngakumbi ekudibaniseni imithombo emibini yolwazi lwenkohlakalo . Ngokwahlukileyo, ezi zininzi ezinkulu zenza okungaphezu kwezinto ezikhanyayo / eziphakathi kwamaninzi xa ixabiso lingekho.
Kuye kwaba nenani elikhulu lophando kuze kube yimini kwiimpembelelo ezinobungozi ze-multitasking. Abantu abachitshiyayo phakathi kwemisebenzi badla ixesha lokulahleka kwaye baneengxaki zokuhlala emsebenzini, onokuchaphazela umphumo kunye nokusebenza. Nangona i-multitasking ihlala ihla, ukuphanda kungabonisa ukuba ukuhamba kwethu rhoqo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zeendaba kunokuba luncedo.
"Nangona iziphumo ezikhoyo zingabonakali nayiphi na impembelelo ye-causal, zibalaselisa umdla onokubangela umdla we-media multitasking kwiinkalo ezithile zokuqonda, ukudibanisa ngokubanzi ngokubanzi." I-media multitasking ayinakuba yinto embi ngaso sonke isikhathi. "
> Imithombo:
> Lui, KFH, & Wong, ACN Ngaba i-media multitasking ihlala ibuhlungu? Ulungelelwano oluhle phakathi kokuhlanganiswa kwe-multitasking kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezininzi. I-Psychonomic Bulletin & Ukuhlaziywa. 2012. INGXELO: 10.3758 / s13423-012-0245-7.
> NPR. Ukufunyanwa kweMultitasking akuthethi ukuba uphumelele. Agasti 28 2009.
> Ofiri, E., Nass, C., & Wagner, AD (2009). Ukulawulwa kwengqondo kwiinkampani zamaphephandaba. Iinkqubo ze-National Academy of Sciences ze-United States of America. 2009. Ithenda: 10.1073 / pnas.0903620106.
> Rogers, R. & Monsell, S. (1995). Iindleko zenguqu ecacileyo phakathi kwemisebenzi elula yokuqonda. I-Journal ye-Psychology: Ingqapheli. 1995; 124: 207-231.
> URubinstein, uJoshuwa S .; Meyer, David E .; UEvans, uJeffrey E. (2001). Ulawulo oluPhezulu lweeNkcazo zeCognitive kuMsebenzi wokuTshintsha. Umbhalo Weengcali zengqondo: Ingqiqo yabantu kunye nokuSebenza. 2001; 27 (4): 763-797.