Imfundo, uQeqesho, iMisebenzi, iMvuzo, kunye ne-Outlook
I-Psychiatry yenye yeyona ndawo ikhethekileyo yezokwelapha. Umbutho oqeqeshiweyo obizwa ngokuba yi-American Psychiatric Association (APA) sele ukhona iminyaka engaphezu kwe-150. Nantsi yonke into ofuna ukuyifumana malunga nomsebenzi weengqondo.
Iingqondo zogqirha Ngaba ogqirha ogqirha
Isifo sengqondo singumgqirha wezonyango ojoliswe kunyango lweengxaki zengqondo.
Ngenxa yokuba izifo zengqondo zineziqinisekiso zonyango kwaye ziqeqeshwe kwindlela yokugula ngengqondo, zingomnye wabafundi abambalwa kwiinkalo zempilo yengqondo abanakho ukunika imishanguzo yokhathaza imicimbi yengqondo yengqondo. Njengomgqirha oqhelekileyo, ugqirha wezifo zengqondo unokukwazi ukuqhuba iimvavanyo kunye nokulungisa iimvavanyo zokuxilonga ngokungezelelwe ekufundiseni i- psychotherapy .
Iingqondo zisebenza kwakhona njengenxalenye yeqela lempilo yengqondo, ngokuhlala zixubusha kunye noogqirha bezonyango, abasebenzi bezentlalo, kunye neengqondo zengqondo.
Ingcaciso yomsebenzi
I-"Occupational Outlook Handbook" ye-Bureau of Labor Statistics inikezela le nkcazelo elandelayo:
Iingcali zengqondo ziphambili zezempilo zengqondo. Ziyaxilonga kwaye ziphathwe zizifo zengqondo ngokudibanisa nokucetyiswa kweengqondo (psychotherapy), i-psychoanalysis, i-hospitali, kunye neyeza. Iipatheni zabo zokuziphatha, ukuhlolwa kwamava abo adlulileyo, okanye iiseshoni kunye neentsapho zonyango. I-Psychoanalysis ibandakanya i-psychotherapy yexesha elide kunye neengcebiso kwizigulane.
Iintlobo zeengqondo
Kukho iinkalo ezahlukeneyo ezahlukahlukeneyo kwizifo zengqondo. Ezinye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeengqondo zempilo ziquka:
- Umlutha wengqondo: Usebenza nabantu abanomlutha kunye nemicimbi yokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi
- Umdala wengqondo: Usebenza nabantu abadala abanesifo sengqondo okanye uxinzelelo lwengqondo
- Umntwana osengumntwana kunye nomntwana wengqondo: Usebenza nabantwana kunye nentsha
- Iingcali zengqondo: Usebenza kwiinkundla kunye nenkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho
- Isifo sengqondo somzimba: Usebenza nabantu abadala
- I-Neuropsychiatrist: Iphatha iingxaki zengqondo ezinxulumene neengxaki zenkqubo zesifo, izifo zobuchopho kunye nokulimala kwengqondo
- Umphathiswa wengqondo: Usebenzisa izifo zengqondo kwindawo yokusebenza kunye nezicwangciso zentlangano
Ukuqeqesha, ukuLayisenisa kunye neZatifikethi
Ukuze ube nguthambo wezifo zengqondo, kufuneka ube ne-MD okanye i-DO degree ukusuka kwisikolo esivunyelweyo samachiza okanye unyango lwe-osteopathic. Ukongeza kule nto, kufuneka uzalise iminyaka emine yokuhlala kunye ubuncinane emithathu kule minyaka ngokukodwa kwindlela yokugula ngengqondo.
Emva kokugqiba le ndawo yokuhlala, kufuneka udlulise uviwo olubhaliweyo nolomlomo. Uviwo olubhaliweyo lugcina usuku olupheleleyo kwaye lubandakanya isayensi eyisiseko, i-psychiatry yeklinikhi kunye neendawo ezizodwa kwizifo zengqondo. Icandelo lomlomo loviwo lenzelwe ukuvavanya izakhono kwizicwangciso zangempela ngokuqwalaselwa ngokukodwa kwimbali yoviwo kunye nesigulane kunye nomxhasi.
Emva kokuba uvavanyo lugqityiwe, uvumelekile ukuba ufake isicelo sokuqinisekiswa kwebhodi. Esi sibonakaliso sinikezelwa yi-American Board ye-Psychiatry ne-Neurology (ABPN), ilungu le-American Board of Special Offices (ABMS).
Emva kokuba unikezelwe isitifiketi sebhodi, unokwenza ngokusemthethweni naphi na e-United States. Nangona kunjalo, esi siqinisekiso kufuneka sihlaziywe rhoqo iminyaka eyi-10. Kumele ufumane ilayisenisi kwibhodi yezobugqirha karhulumente kwimeko nganye apho usebenza khona kwaye uvuselele oko kumthetho kaRhulumente.
LeMfundo
Ngokuqhelekileyo, kuthatha malunga nesibhozo seminyaka yokufunda ngokugqibeleleyo ukwenzela ukuba ube ngumbono wezifo zengqondo.
Umlinganiselo wezemfundo wokuba nguthambo lweengqondo ufana nale ndlela:
- Isiganga se-Bachelor: Iminyaka emine
- Isikolo sezonyango: iminyaka emine
- Indawo yokuhlala: iminyaka emine
Ukuba uquka ixesha elithathayo ukufumana i-degree-bachelor degree, abaninzi abafundi bajonga ukuchitha ubuncinane ubuncinane kwiminyaka eyi-12 esikolweni kunye nokuqeqesha ukuba abe yingqondo.
Ukuba unomdla wokuba uqinisekiswe kwingingqi ekhethekileyo, unokufuna ukugqiba intsebenziswano engathatha enye eyongezelelweyo kwiminyaka emibili yomsebenzi wokuhamba emva kokuhlala.
Apho ii-Psychiatrists zisebenza kunye neemisebenzi zemiSebenzi yokuSebenza
Iingqondo zisoloko zizisebenzisayo kwaye zisebenza ngokwazo zempilo yengqondo. Nangona kunjalo, abaninzi abaneengqondo baphinde basebenze kwizibhedlele, iikliniki zempilo yengqondo, iiofisi zikaRhulumente kunye neeyunivesithi. Iingqondo zentsholongwane zichitha ii-60 ekhulwini zexesha labo zisebenza ngqo nezigulane. Eminye imisebenzi ingaquka ukufundisa, ukubonisana, uphando kunye nokulawula.
Imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla iyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwendawo ekhethekileyo yecandelo lezengqesho. Ngokomzekelo, isifo sengqondo esisebenza esibhedlele sengqondo singasichitha ixesha elide lokuvavanya, ukuxilonga, nokunyanga izigulane ezinengxaki yokugula kwengqondo. Ingcali yesifo sengqondo esisebenza kwindawo yangasese kunye neqela labanye abagula ngengqondo okanye oogqirha bangasebenzisa inxalenye yosuku lokubonisana nabalingane babo, ukwenza i-psychotherapy, intlanganiso kunye nokuvavanya abathengi abatsha, ukugqiba iphepha, kunye nokubonisana namanye amalungu eqela lezempilo yengqondo.
Indlela i-Psychiatrist ehluke ngayo kwizengqondo
Nangona kunjalo ngeendlela ezininzi, kukho ezinye iimeko ezahlukileyo phakathi kweengqondo kunye neengqondo zeengqondo . Iingqondo zinezigulane zonyango kunye neengqondo zengqondo zinezinga lokugqithisa ugqirha kwizengqondo. Iingqondo ziyakwazi ukumisela amayeza, ngelixa iingcali zeengqondo zingenakwenzeka kwiindawo ezininzi . Abanye abagula ngengqondo baphawula kuphela amayeza kunye nokuthumela izigulane kwenye indawo yengqondo yengqondo.
Job Outlook
Ngokwe-Bureau of Labor Statistics, imfuno yezifo zengqondo kulindeleke ukuba ikhule ngama-11 ekhulwini kwiminyaka elishumi ezayo, isantya esheshayo kunomyinge. Ukunyuka kweemfuno zabaqeqeshi bezempilo, kunye nokuqwashiswa kokwazisa ngempilo yengqondo, kulindeleke ukuba kukhuthazwe imfuneko yokuba abaneengcali zempilo yengqondo.
Ukuba unomdla kulolu hlobo, kufuneka uqaphele ukuba ukhuphiswano luphezulu kakhulu, ngoko kubalulekile ukugcina amabakala aphezulu ukuze ungene esikolweni sezokwelapha.
Uninzi lwabantu abaneengqondo
Ngokwe-Bureau of Labor Statistics, umvuzo wonyaka we-psychiatrist yi-$ 200,220. Abo baqeshwe kwiiofisi zamagqirha babenemivuzo engama-$ 197,190 ngonyaka kwaye abo baqeshwe kumaziko okunakekelwa kwabangaphantsi kwe-$ 214.460 ngonyaka.
Psychiatrists eziziwayo
Kukho amaninzi amaninzi edumileyo kwintsimi yesifo sengqondo. Ezinye zezi ziquka:
- Alfred Adler
- Aaron Beck
- John Bowlby
- Sigmund Freud
- Karen Horney
- UCarl Jung
- Emil Kraepelin
- Elisabeth Kübler-Ross
- URobert Spitzer
Ukufumana i-Psychiatrist
Ukuba ufuna iinkonzo zengqondo, indawo efanelekileyo yokuqala kukuba ufumane isincomo esivela kumgqirha wakho oyintloko. Ezinye iindlela ziquka ukuqhagamshelana neekliniki zempilo yengqondo yengingqi, imibutho yengqondo, iiyunivesithi kunye nezibhedlele zokuthunyelwa.
> Imithombo:
> I-Bureau of Labor Statistics. Ukuqeshwa kwezeMisebenzi kunye neMvuzo, ngoMeyi 2016 29-1066 Iingcali zengqondo. United States Isebe Lemisebenzi. Ukuhlaziywa ngo-Matshi 31, 2017.
> I-Bureau of Labor Statistics. I-Occupational Outlook Handbook: Oogqirha nabagqirha. United States Isebe Lemisebenzi. Ukuhlaziywa kweJanuwari 30, 2018.
> ExploreHealthCareers.org. Ingqondo. Liason International.