Iimvo ezibuhlungu zingenza Ukusetyenziswa Kweziyobisi
Ngokusoloko kunzima ukuba abantu bazi into oyithethayo xa ufumana umntu owaziyo unomlutha weziyobisi. Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu bathetha kakuhle, kodwa kunokubangela ingozi ngaphezu kokulungileyo. Iimbali ezilandelayo zintlanu zihlala zibuhlungu kakhulu kumntu onomlutha wokulinywa kweziyobisi ukuva, ngoko ke kucace ukuba nantoni na kule mizila. Khumbula, umntu onomlutha weziyobisi angaba nemvakalelo enzulu, kwaye xa bebuhlungu emoyeni, kunokuchaphazela ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi.
1 - "Emva kokuba ngumlutha, usoloko ungumlutha"
Ingxelo yokuba abantu abanezidakamizwa abanako ukuguqulwa kukungagqibekanga, kunye nokubonakaliswa kokungazi malunga noko siyazi malunga nenkambo yokuphila yobunzima beziyobisi. Abantu abaninzi bahamba kwisigaba sokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi xa beselula, ngaphambi kokukhula, kunye nabanye abaninzi bayeka okanye bengenakuncedo lweenkqubo zonyango. Sekunjalo, abanye abayekekanga ngokupheleleyo, kodwa banako ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ngendlela elawulwayo, engeyiyo iminyanzelo, kwaye ingenabungozi. Ukwenza izimvo ezinjengokuthi "Xa unomlutha, uhlale unomlutha" usebenza kuphela ukwenza umntu ngengxaki yeziyobisi azive ehlukaniswe kwaye engaqondwa, okanye akanakho ithemba ngekamva. Kwezinye iimeko, oku kunokubangela ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa ngaphezulu, ukudala isiprofeto esizizalisayo. Ingxelo engcono kukuba uya kubaxhasa xa benquma ukufumana uncedo.
2 - "Ukuya kwiCold Turkey yiyona ndlela kuphela yokuyeka"
Kwakhona, oku kuphazamiseka - kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuyeka ukusebenzisa iziyobisi, kwaye amava ahlukileyo kuwo wonke umntu. Nangona ukuyeka iziyobisi kunye nokuzilahla ubusuku kunokubonakala ngathi isisombululo esiphezulu, ukunikela izidakamizwa ngokukhawuleza kungenye yezona ndlela ezinzima kakhulu kwaye ziyingozi ekujongeni umlutha. Ngezinye iziyobisi, ezifana ne-alcohol kunye ne-benzodiazepines, ukuya kwi- turkey ebandayo kunokubangela ukuxhatshazwa kwaye kunokusongela ubomi. Ngokukhishwa kweemeth , abantu banokuduka kunye nogonyamelo xa bekhangela ngokukhawuleza kwisiza. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuyeka isicatshulwa phantsi kolawulo lwezonyango okanye kwiziko le- detox .
3 - "Yiyiphutha Labazali Bakho"
Umlutha wokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi yimeko eyinkimbinkimbi, kwaye xa umntu ehlawula umlutha, ngokuqhelekileyo kuba ngumphumo wokubambisana phakathi kokukhubazeka ngokomzimba, kwengqondo kunye nentlalo. Nangona abazali benempembelelo enkulu ukuba umntu uba ngumlutha weziyobisi - umzekelo, ngokunyamekela ukuziphatha ngendlela engafanelekanga okanye ukuxhaphaza - akusiyo ibali elipheleleyo. Abanye abantu abanabantwana abancedisayo bayaqhubeka nokuphuhlisa iingxaki zeziyobisi, kwaye abaninzi abantu abanabantwana abangaphantsi-abagqibeleleyo abaqhubekiyo kwiziyobisi. Ngaba ngaba abazali bomntu badlala indima ekuphuhliseni ukuxhatshazwa kweziyobisi, besithi abazali abanomdla kwaye bayalimaza. Ngoko nangona ucinga ukuba oku kuya kwenza ukuba umntu abe nomuvo wokutshintshisa ityala kubo, enyanisweni, kungcono ukuphepha ukugxeka umntu, kwaye kunoko ugxininise oko okufunwa ngumntu ngoku ukuhlangabezana ngokufanelekileyo.
4 - "Masihambe Siphuze - Utywala lulungile, akunjalo?"
Utywala yiziyobisi, kwaye nangona ingaba ngumthetho kubantu abadala, enye yeziyobisi ezinobungozi kunye neziluthayo apho. Ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kotywala kunokuncedisa umntu ukuyeka iziyobisi. Enyanisweni, utywala kunokunciphisa ukulawula komntu, kwaye ukwandise iimvakalelo zokudakumba emva koko, mhlawumbi nokwandisa ukusebenzisa iziyobisi. Ukubambisana nokusela kotywala kukuqinisa inkolelo yokuba izidakamizwa ziyimfuneko yokudlelana nabanye, kunye nokujongana nemingeni yobomi. Indlela encedayo yokuxhasa umntu onomlutha weziyobisi ukuhamba naye kumsebenzi ongabandakanyi nayiphi na into yokulutha okanye iimpawu zokuziphatha, ezifana nesidlo ngaphandle kokusela utywala.
5 - "Ufuna Ukuzibambisa Kanye"
Ukuba awunakuze ulungele umlutha okanye enye ingxaki yengqondo, njengengxaki okanye uxinzelelo, awukwazi ukuba kunzima kangakanani umntu ukuba enze utshintsho olunzulu endleleni yabo yokujongana nobomi. Nangona kunjalo abantu abangenazo iingxaki ezibalulekileyo ebomini babo bahlala becinga ukuba iingxaki zabanye zixazululwa kalula, kwaye yinto elula yeengcebiso eziphantsi komhlaba kunye namandla. Enyanisweni, umntu onomlutha weziyobisi mhlawumbi uyazi ukuba "bafuna" ukwenzani, nokuba kukuyeka izidakamizwa, ukufumana umsebenzi, ukuhlangabezana nomlingane, okanye nayiphi na enye iinjongo ezithatyathwa ngabantu. Ukumxelela ukuba adibanise kunye naye kuya kufana nokuxhaswa, kwaye kunokusenokungcolisa ukuzithemba kwakhe , oku kunokukhokelela kumntu ofuna induduzo ekusebenziseni iziyobisi. Endaweni yokwenza uqeqesho, ncedise "ukuzibamba" kunye nezenzo ezixhasayo , kwaye uvumele ukuba azi ukuba uyamkhathalela.
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Imithombo
Hser, Y., Evans, E., Huang, D., Brecht, M. kunye noLi, uL. "Ukuqhathaniswa nekhondo eliqinileyo lika heroin, i-cocaine, ne-methamphetamine zisebenzisa iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10." Umlutha Behav 33: 1581-1598. 2008.
McGregor, C., Srisurapanont, M., Jittiwutikarn, J., Laobhripatr, S., Wongtan, T. & White, J. "Ubume, ixesha lexesha kunye nobuqili be-methamphetamine ukuhoxiswa." Umlutha. 100: 1320-1329. 2005.
I-Zinberg, iN.Drug, i-Set, ne-Setting: IsiSeko soLawulo oluLawulayo. Yale University Press. 1986.