Ukuzilahla kuyigama elisetyenzisiweyo kwintsimi yokunyanzela ukuchaza inkqubo yokuyeka-ukuthetha ukuphepha, okanye ukungazibandakanyeki-ezithile izinto ezinokubakho izilonda okanye iimpawu zokuziphatha. Ukuba umntu akabandakanyeki ekuziphatheni komlutha kuwo onke, mhlawumbi ngokungapheliyo okanye ixesha elifutshane, loo mntu kuthiwa uyazilahla okanye akayeki, umzekelo, "Wayenqabile ukusela utywala ngeenyanga ezili-6."
Ukuzilahla kunokuba yinjongo, umzekelo, "Uzimisele ukuyeka isenzo sesondo aze atshate," okanye ifilosofi, umzekelo, "I-AA iyindlela yokuyeka ukuphuza utywala."
Ingxabano Ngokuziyeka
Ubutywala obungabonakaliyo (AA) yinkqubo yokuqala ejoliswe ngokukodwa ekuphatheni umlutha, kwaye ukugqiba ukulahla kotywala kwakuyintloko yekona. Ngako oko, ukuziyeka kubonisa imbali ende yokuba ngumgaqo oqingqiweyo ofunekayo wokubuyisela. Abo bahlakulele inkqubo ye-AA 12 yesinyathelo bekholelwa ukuba ukusela utywala kwakuyisifo abantu abazalelwe, kungekhona ukuba kuvela ekuphenduleni ukutywala kotywala, ngoko ke, ukuba nayiphi na ukusela kwakungaphumeleli ngokupheleleyo "kwintlanzi."
Ukuzilahla kuyinkqubo engqongqo, engenakunto-nantoni, eninzi, ukuba iqwalaselwe ngamanye amaqela enkampu yokulahla ukuba ingabonakali kubantu abaninzi abafuna ukunqoba ukuziphatha kakubi.
Abanye bakholelwa ukuba akuyinto engadingekile, kwaye abanye abantu bayakwazi ukusela ngokugqithiseleyo ukusela ngokumodareyitha. Oku kuseke i-dichotomy phakathi kweendlela ukuya kwonyango efuna ukuzibamba, kunye nalabo abangenayo. Abantu abasebenza kwintsimi, kunye nabantu abafuna uncedo ngokuziphatha kakubi, badla ngokunyanzeliswa ukuba bathathe amacala, baze bathethe ukuba bayakholelwa ekuthinteni okanye ekunciphiseni ukulimala ngokungathi iimpawu zihambelana.
Ngokomzekelo, iiprogram ezili-12 zinyathelo zifuna ukuziyeka, ngelixa uxoxiswano olushukumisayo aluhambanga. Ukungabikho kotywala kubandakanya ngokupheleleyo ukuphepha ukutywala kwanoma yiyiphi inxilisayo kwaye uhluke nokusela okulawulwayo kunokuncedisa utywala obunxilisayo ukuba abe ngumphuzi omanzi kwaye ongeyinkinga. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba umntu anqobe ingxaki yokusela kakhulu, kufuneka ahambe nokuxothwa kotywala, okungafani nokungaxhatshazi ubomi obungozi. Ngokwahlukileyo, indlela yokunciphisa ukulimala ivumela abantu ukuba bancitshise kancane inani lezonxila abazidlayo ngosuku, ngaphandle kokufuna i-syndrome yokuhoxiswa.
Ngokufanayo, unyango lwe-methadone lungenza okanye alufune ukungabikho kwi-heroin okanye ezinye iziyobisi, kodwa njengezidakamizwa, i-methadone idlalwa ukuba ingabikho nto, kwaye iyakwazi ukuzifumana ingabandakanywa kwiinkqubo zokuzilahla. Oku kunokuba buhlungu kakhulu kubantu abaye bazama kaninzi ukurhoxisa kwi-heroin kodwa baye baphinda babuya. Aba bantu banako ukuzinza kwi-methadone ngaphambi kokungena kwengqondo yengqondo.
Abanye abachwephesha banendlela echanekileyo kunye nobungqina bonyango.
Indlela yokunciphisa inobungozi ingaba yinkqubela phambili kubantu abaninzi, kodwa abo abo impilo yabo iyancitshiswa kakhulu ngokusetyenziswa kotywala kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, kunokuzicebisa, ukuba ukutyhutyiswa kotywala okanye iziyobisi kungasongela ubomi, okanye ukuyeka ukuzibandakanya kubangelwa ukunyuka kwesigamu imeko enokuba yingozi yokuphila ukuba umntu utywala utywala okanye iziyobisi. Kule meko, isigqibo sokuba ngumntu onqabileyo ngumntu ngamnye kunye nesiseko esisekelwe kwisiseko, kungekhona ukulinganisa ubukhulu obufanayo-yonke ifilosofi.
Iingxaki Ngokuzilahla "Eziqhelekileyo" Iimpazamo
Ngokuqaphela ukunyuka kwezidakamizwa zokuziphatha, iindlela zokubamba ukuzinyanya ziyabonakala zingenakulungeleka.
Umzekelo, wonke umntu kufuneka adle, ngoko ke ukuziphepha ekudleni akunakwenzeka - nangona abanye abaqhotyoshelweyo kwiindlela zokubambelela kubambe ukuba ukutya okuthile kufuneka kugwenywe ngokupheleleyo. Ukuxilonga umlutha, ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini, kunye nokuthengwa kwezinto zokuthengisa, kunzima kakhulu ukunyanga ngeendlela zokuzilahla.
Nangona kunjalo, phakathi kweendlela zokumodareyitha kunye neendlela ezilawulwayo, kuvunyelwa ukuba ukuyeka ukuzibandakanya kwabantu abathile abavame ukuphinda baphinde babuyekelele, ukuba ngubani na ukuziphatha kakubi kuyingozi, okanye kwizigaba ezithile kwinkqubo yokubuyiselwa. Kwaye ezinye iindlela zokuziphatha kakubi, njengendlela yokuziphatha kakubi ngokwesondo okanye ukusetyenziswa kwe-inhalants, ziyingozi kangangokuba ukuziphatha okulawulwayo akunakwenzeka okanye kucebise phantsi kwayo nayiphi na imeko, kwaye kufuneka ukugqiba ukuyeka ukuzimela.