Iingcebiso zokuxhasa kunye nokusebenza nabantwana be-ADHD
UDkt. Sydney S. Zentall, uprofesa weMfundo eZodwa kwiYunivesithi yePurdue, ngumphandi owaziwayo emhlabeni jikelele kwimfundo yabantwana abane-ADHD. Ugxininisa ngokukhethekileyo kwizikhetho kunye nezimpendulo zala bafundi kwizimo ezithile zokufunda kunye neemeko kunye nombhali wencwadi ye- ADHD kwiMfundo .
I-ADHD Izingane Zifunda Kona Zona Zona?
Ngokutsho kukaDkt. Zentall, abantwana abane-ADHD bafuna utshintsho / izinto ezintsha kunye nemisebenzi enomdla.
Benza okusemgangathweni ngekharityhulam esebenzayo esikolweni kunye nendawo esebenzayo yasekhaya. Ukubandakanya ukunyakaza ngokomzimba kunye nomsebenzi wemoto kulo lonke suku kwandisa impumelelo. Xa bebandakanyeka kumsebenzi wokuqonda, abantwana abane-ADHD bahlala bezuza kwizinto ezikhethiweyo kunokuba benze imisebenzi elawulwa ngabantu abadala kuphela. Ngomdla wabo ongaqhelekanga, la bantwana bafumana ithuba lokufunda.
Ingxaki ivela xa umntwana one-ADHD eba nexhala. Kuthatha ixesha elide lokuya emsebenzini, umzekelo, okanye ixesha elide kufuneka balinde ukujika kwabo, ukuvuselela okufunekayo. Ukongeza kwesi sidingo sokuvuselela, abantwana abane-ADHD banesidingo sokuziva bekhono , kokubili kwimfundo nakwentlalo. Bathambekele ekusebenzeni kakuhle ngokubandakanya ukhuphiswano olwenza abanye babone indlela abaqhuba ngayo kakuhle - ukufumana umvuzo, amabheji, amathuba amkokheli okanye ezinye iimpawu zokuphumelela.
Iimfuno Zentlalo Neengxaki
Abantwana abane-ADHD banokuzuza kakhulu ngokuxhamla kwiinkonzo zoluntu kunye nokuhambelana nabanye. Intsebenziswano yentlalontle isoloko imvelaphi ebaluleke kakhulu yokuvuselela. Ukuba ungumfundisi, inkxaso yakho efudumele kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwabafundi kubalulekile.
Abantwana abane-ADHD banandipha ukuvelisa iimvakalelo zabanye kwabanye.
Basenokutsalwa kubantwana esikolweni obangela ingxaki kwaye bahlala bekhangela okanye bazama ukukhupha impendulo yomzwelo ukwenzela ukuba bazive ngakumbi. Ngenxa yokuba impendulo ephakamileyo okanye inomsindo kumntu omdala okanye oontanga ujama ukunyanzelisa abantwana abaninzi abane-ADHD, xa kufuneka ugqithise ukungavumi okanye ukumangalela umntwana onengxelo ye-ADHD, ukungaxhaswanga, ukuzola, kunye nemeko yokwenza impendulo engcono.
Ukudala i-ADHD-Friendly Classroom
UDkt. Zentall uye wavelisa uluhlu lokuhlola lwabazali nootitshala ukuba basebenzise ukwenzela ukuba bancede abantwana abane-ADH bazalisekise ngokufanelekileyo imfuno yabo yokukhuthaza nokukwazi.
Iinjongo 1 - Iimfuno zokuxhaswa (ukuhamba kunye nokukhetha)
- Ukuhamba phakathi kwamaziko kunye nezihlalo
- Ikhefu lomsebenzi
- Imisebenzi yokuphendula esebenzayo
- Ukukhethwa kwemisebenzi kunye neendlela zokunika ingxelo
- Ukunyulwa kwemisebenzi kunye noxanduva
- Ukukhetha amaqela okufunda
Injongo yesi-2 - Ifuna ukuPhumelela
A. Ukhuphiswano lwezemfundo
1. Imisebenzi
- Ubude obude (izahluko)
- Ukuzihambela
- Inzala esetyenziswe kwimfundiso
- Umbala (ukugqithisa, amanqaku, iphepha)
- Umbala ochaphazelekayo osetyenziswayo
- Iikhomputha zinikwe
- Fundisa indlela yokujonga isicwangciso
- Yenza amaphulo asemhlabeni kunye neenkcazo
2. Izicwangciso
- Amaziko anomdla
- Ukusetyenziswa kwemidlalo ekufundiseni
- Izilwanyana zikhoyo
- Umculo okhoyo
- Iincwadi zokuhlola, amakhadi okukhawuleza asetyenziswayo
- Imisebenzi okanye imidlalo yexesha lokulibazisa
B. Uphuhliso lweNtlalontle
- Izihlandlo ezi-3 zingaphaya kunezinto ezingenanto
- Imivuzo enzulu, engqondweni
- Ezizimeleyo, eziqinileyo, ezihlaziyileyo
- Bonisa umdla wakho kumntwana
- Imisebenzi yoontanga nemithetho
- Ukusebenzisana kufundiswa kwaye kuvuzwa
Ukudala ikhaya le-ADHD-Friendly
Iinjongo 1 - Iimfuno zokuxhaswa (ukuhamba kunye nokukhetha)
- Imigaqo ekhoyo yokusebenza, i-trampolines, amachibi
- Uxanduva olusebenzayo "luncedo"
- Imisebenzi yentsapho efumanekayo (iipiknikics, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili)
- Ukukhethwa komsebenzi wesikolo kunye nomyalelo wokusebenza
- Ukunyulwa kwemisebenzi kunye noxanduva
- Ukukhethwa komsebenzi wesikolo ukuphuka
Injongo yesi-2 - Ifuna ukuPhumelela
A. Ukhuphiswano lwezemfundo
1. Imisebenzi
- Izinto zokudlala eziguquguqukayo (i-Legos, iipende)
- Inkxaso yokudlala, ukuloba
- Iincwadi ezikhethiweyo kumdla wabantwana
- Ingxoxo zentsapho ezinxulumene neemfuno
- Inkxaso yokuqokelela / ukuzonwabisa
- Iikhomputha zinikwe
- Fundisa indlela yokujonga isicwangciso
- Ncitshitshiswe kumbono kumntwana
2. Izicwangciso
- Izilungiso zomsebenzi wesikolo wasekhaya
- Ukusetyenziswa kwemidlalo ekufumaneni imisebenzi / imisebenzi egqityiweyo
- Izilwanyana ezikhoyo
- Umculo ufumaneka ngexesha lomsebenzi wesikolo
- Iincwadi zokuhlola, amakhadi okukhawuleza asetyenziswayo
- Imisebenzi okanye imidlalo yexesha lokulibazisa
- Izihlandlo ezi-3 zithethi ezintle kunezinto ezingenanto
- Imivuzo enzulu, engqondweni
- Izibhengezo ezizimeleyo, eziqinileyo, ezithambileyo, ezingenasimo
- Ubonisa umdla kumdla wabantwana nabantwana
- Imisebenzi yoMhlobo kunye nemithetho
- Imithetho eqinileyo nemilinganiselo iyavuzwa
Umthombo:
USydney S. Zentall, Ph.D., Izicwangciso eziMhlobo kunye neMisebenzi @ School (F SAT-S) @ Ikhaya (F SAT-H). IYunivesithi yePurus. ISebe leZifundo zezeMfundo. 2009.
USydney S. Zental, Ph.D. "Iiklasi elinobuhlobo kunye neeKhaya zoNxibelelwano zokuNcedisa abantwana abane-ADHD." Ukuvalwa kweNkcazo ye-21 yoNyaka ye-CHADD kwi-AD / HD. ECleveland, eOhio. Oktobha 10, 2009.
USydney S. Zentall, Ph.D. Imeyili yeposi. Oktobha 20, 2009.