Iindlela ze-ADHD iingxaki ezinxulumene nazo ezinokuthi zithinte iiNtsebenzo zentlalo
Abantwana abanengxaki yokungabikho kwengxaki yokugula (ADHD) bahlala befumana iingxaki kwezobudlelwane babo noontanga. Njengomzali, kunokuba nzima kakhulu ukubona umntwanakho umzabalazo wokwenza kunye nokugcina abahlobo. Unokufumanisa ukuba unyana okanye intombi yakho ayitholi imemo kumaqela okuzalwa afunda nabo kunye nabo bahlala beceliwe ukuba badlale imini okanye i-sleepovers.
Ngomntwana wakho, ukulahlwa kunye nokuzihlukanisa kungabangela ubuhlungu ngaphezu kwexesha.
Ukuze ubuhlobo bukhule kwaye bugcinwe, umntwana kufuneka akwazi ukulawula iimpembelelo, atshintshane, asebenzisane, ahlanganyele, aphulaphule, abe novelwano, alumkele kwaye agxininise, axhumane kakuhle nabanye, aqonde kwaye aphendule kwiingongoma zoluntu, kwaye banokukwazi ukuxazulula iingxaki kunye nokuxazulula iingxabano njengoko zivela - zonke iinkalo zenkcubeko ezinokuba nzima kumntwana one-ADHD.
Iingxaki ezinxulumene ne-ADHD zichaphazela njani ukuthinteka kwezenhlalakahle?
Abantwana abane-ADHD bavame ukusebenzisana ngeendlela ezinokubangela ukungahambi kakuhle kweontanga. Abanye banokuzama ukulawula ukudlala okanye ukubandakanyeka ngeendlela ezinobundlobongela, ezifuna ukuzenza, kunye neengxaki. Basenokuba neengxaki zokungena kunye noontanga kwizinto zabo ontanga abathanda ukuzenza. Kunoko, banokufuna ukwenza imigaqo yabo, okanye bazibandakanye kwi-bossy, "ngendlela engalunganga" okanye engavumelaniyo, kwaye ngokubanzi banokuba nzima ukukwazi ukusebenzisana nabanye abantwana abaneminyaka efanayo.
Iimvana ezininzi ezine-ADHD zinzima ukukhawuleza kunye nokufunda iziqephu zentlalo. Abanye banokukrakra lula, baphazamiseke baze "bahlole" kubahlobo. Ingxaki ngokuqwalasela nokuzithiba kunokuphazamisa amathuba okufumana izakhono zentlalo ngokufunda. Iinyana ezininzi ezine-ADHD nazo zinzima ukulawula iimvakalelo ezinzima kwaye zikhawuleza ziphazamiseke, zikhungatheke kwaye zithinteke ngokomzwelo .
Ukunyamezela, ukuziphatha kakubi, okanye ukuphazamiseka ukuziphatha kunokubhekwa njengokuba kungakhathazeki kuphela kwaye kuyabuhlungu, kodwa kungabonakali kwiimfuno zabanye, ngoko ke umntwana uya kugwenywa kwaye anqatshelwe, kwaye uthathwa njengento encinci kakhulu kwiqela.
Izakhono ezifundwa kwiiqela labalanga
Amava kunye nobudlelwane phakathi kweqela lontanga banokuchaphazela kakhulu ukuphuhliswa komntwana. Ngaloo nxu lumano, umntwana ufunda indlela yokwenza ubuhlobo obuhle kunye nendlela yokwenza nokugcina ubudlelwane obuhle nabanye. Ngamaqela oontanga, umntwana ufunda imigaqo kunye nezakhono zokutshintshiselwa kwezentlalo kubandakanya ukusebenzisana, ukuxoxisana, kunye nokulungiswa kwemibango. Ngelishwa, iimpawu ze-ADHD zingonakalisa amandla omntwana wokugcina, ukuqonda, nokuphendula kwindawo yakhe yentlalo.
Ngenxa yobunzima bokuzithiba, abantwana abaninzi abane-ADHD bavame ukuphendula ngaphandle kokucinga ngemiphumo yokuziphatha kwabo okanye impembelelo yabo yokuziphatha ingaba nabanye kwabanye. Ukongeza, banokufunda ixesha elinzima kumava adlulileyo. Ukuziphatha okuphazamisayo okanye "ukungacabangi" kudlalwa njengento enenjongo kwaye ngokuzikhethela; ngenxa yoko, umntwana onesi-ADHD unokuthiwa "ngumkhathazi" kwaye uya kugqithiselwa kwaye ngokukhawuleza anqatshelwe iqela elibanzi.
Emva kokuba unamathele ngelebula enjalo, kunokuba nzima nakakhulu ukuba umntwana anqobe eli dumela elibi kwaye axhumane ngokufanelekileyo kunye noontanga njengoko eqala ukwenza utshintsho oluthile kwizakhono zentlalo.
Abanye abantwana abane-ADHD bazihlukanisa ngokwabo ngenxa yokungaphumeleli ngokuphindaphindiweyo kobudlelwane, iimvakalelo zokulwa kunye nokuxhamla nabanye kunye nokuzivala ukuzithemba. Iingxaki zigqitywa ngenxa yokuba xa abantwana bephepha okanye bekhupha abanye, abanakho amathuba okufunda izakhono zokuguqulela, kwaye ngenxa yoko, bahlakulela ubuchule boontanga obuphantsi. Ezi zintlupheko zakhono zentlalo zinokuthi zithathe umonakalo kwaye zibe nefuthe elibi kumntwana njengoko ekhula aze aqhube ebuntwaneni kunye nokuba ngumdala.
Ukuba umntwana wakho unenkxalabo yobudlelwano boontanga, yazi ukuba kubalulekile ukujolisa iingxaki zontanga ngqo nangaphezulu kwexesha elide. Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba unokunceda umntwana wakho ukuphucula ezo zakhono kwezentlalo kunye nobuchule. Ukuqonda ubunzima bezenhlalakahle ezinokudibaniswa ne-ADHD nokuqonda indlela i-ADHD yomntwana echaphazela ngayo ulwalamano lwayo linyathelo lokuqala. Ngolu lwazi, unokuqala ukuqhubela phambili kwisisombululo esicwangcisiweyo sokunceda umntwana wakho akhulise izakhono zentlalo nobungani obuhle. Funda ngakumbi ngokunceda Umntwana Wakho Ukuphucula izakhono zoLuntu
UkuFunda okongeziweyo:
I-ADHD, izakhono zoLuntu kunye noBungane
Ukunceda Umntwana Wakho Abenze Abangane
I-ADHD kunye noBudlelwane: Ukususela ebuntwaneni ukuya kubadala
Imithombo:
Betsy Hoza, PhD, Ukusebenza koontanga kwizingane ezine-ADHD. I-Journal ye-Psychology ye-Pediatric , 32 (6) iphe. 655-663, 2007.
UThomas E. Brown, i-PhD, i-Attention Deficit Disorder: Ingqondo engabonakaliyo kubantwana nakwabantu abadala. Yale University Press, 2005.