I-ADH idla ngokungaqondakali.
Ukususela ekuxilongweni nokuvavanywa kwii-ADHD zonyango, abazali abaninzi bayadideka ngabo bonke ulwazi, kunye ninzi yeengcaciso ezingalunganga, ezifumaneka malunga ne-ADHD.
Ukuba uthatha isinyathelo emva kwaye ujonge i-ADHD njengokuba wenza nayiphi na imeko engapheliyo yobuntwana, njenge-asthma, isifo sikashukela, okanye ukuhluthwa, ngoko uya kuba nexesha elilula kakhulu umzali wakho nge-ADHD kwaye ufumane uncedo.
Iimpawu
Iimpawu ze-ADHD zidla ngokuba ngamaqela amakhulu amathathu, kuquka:
- unenkathazo yokubeka ingqalelo ( ukungalindelekanga ) kwaye ukuphazamiseka lula
- ukuhlambalaza okanye "ekuhambeni" ( ukungahambi kakuhle )
- ukucinga okanye ukwenza izinto ngaphandle kokucinga ngabo ( ukungacingi )
Gcina ukhumbule ukuba abaninzi abantwana banokuphazamiseka ngezinye iinkqubo okanye ukuba bancipheke. Ukuqwalaselwa njengempawu eziyinyaniso ze-ADHD, le mpawu kufuneka ibangele uhlobo oluthile lokukhubazeka, umzekelo, ukukhokelela kwiingxaki zokuziphatha, iingxaki zokusebenza zesikolo , ukulungisa ubunzima nokugcina abahlobo, njl.
Iintlobo
Abantwana banako ukufumana i-ADHD nangona bengenayo yonke impawu ze-ADHD. Kungenxa yokuba kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-ADHD, kuquka:
- U-ADHD, Uhlobo lokuthobela - olubandakanya abo bantwana baninzi abanempawu yokungalindelekanga, njengokungakwazi ukunyamekela iinkcukacha, ukuphazamiseka lula, ukulibala, njl njl.
- Uhlobo olungenangqondo - Uhlobo olungabonakaliyo - olubandakanya abo bantwana abanobukhulu becala kunye / okanye ukungabikho kompembelelo, njengokungqongqo, ukukhathazeka ukuhlala esihlalweni sakhe, ukuthetha ngokugqithiseleyo, ukuphazamisa abanye, ukukhathazeka kwabanye kwakhe, njl
- I-ADHD, Udidi oludibeneyo - ukuba umntwana unayo yonke impawu ebalulekileyo ye-ADHD
Uninzi lwabantu lithetha nge-ADD kunye ne-ADHD ngokungathi zizinto ezimbini ezahlukileyo, ukugcina i-ADHD okanye ukunqongophala kweengxaki zokuxhatshazwa kwabo bafana abakhubazekile baze bafikelele. Zombili ze- ADD kunye ne-ADHD ziyimigama ejwayelekile yokwenza i- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder kwaye kwaye ayichazi ngokwenene uhlobo lwe-ADHD umntu analo.
Ukuxilongwa
Abazali bafuna uvavanyo olukhawulezayo lwe-ADHD baya kudana. Ngelishwa, akukho vavanyo lwegazi, x-ray, okanye olunye uvavanyo lwe-ADHD. Endaweni yoko, umntwana wezingane zakho uza kuhlola umntwana wakho kwi-ADHD ngokuthi:
- kubuza abazali bomntwana imibuzo evulekileyo kunye nemiba egxininisiweyo kwingxoxo
- ukubonelela ngemibuzo kunye nee- ADHD iziphumo zokujonga okanye izikali ze-ADHD zesikolo kubazali nootitshala
- ukuvavanya umntwana ngezinye iimeko ezinokuhlala, ezifana nokukhubazeka kokuziphatha, ukuchasana nokuphazamiseka kwengxaki, ukuxinezeleka, ukuxhalabisa nokukhubazeka kokufunda
Ezinye iimvavanyo ze-ADHD ziyafumaneka, nangona kunjalo, i-American Academy ye-Pediatrics ithi "ezinye iimvavanyo zokuxilonga azibonakalwanga ngokuqhelekileyo ukusekwa ukuxilongwa kwe-ADHD." Ezi ziza kubandakanya ukuhlolwa rhoqo kwinqanaba eliphakamileyo, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwe-thyroid, ukuhlolwa kobuchopho (MRI, CT, SPECT, i-PET Scans, njl.), I-electroencephalography (i-EEG), okanye iimvavanyo zokuqhuba okuqhubekayo (CPTs).
Udokotela wakho wezilwanyana yindawo efanelekileyo yokuqala xa unenkxalabo yokuba umntwana wakho une-ADHD, kodwa abanye abaqeqeshi bezempilo abahlola i-ADHD baquka i-psychologists yengane kunye neengqondo zabantwana.
Unyango
Nangona kubonakala kuninzi lwezonyango ze-ADHD ongayisebenzisa ekuphatheni umntwana wakho nge-ADHD, kuphela iintlobo ezimbini ezicetyiswa yi-American Academy of Pediatrics. Ezi zonyango ezicetyiswayo ze-ADHD ziyimishanguzo ye-ADHD, kubandakanya ukuvuselela nokungakhuseli, kunye neyeza zokuziphatha.
I-AAP ithi ukuphathwa ngonyango kunokubandakanya "uqeqesho lwabazali kwiinkqubo zonyango zokuziphatha kunye nokungenelela kokuziphatha kwamagumbi okufundela," kwaye ugxininise "kwiingxaki zokuziphatha komntwana kunye nobunzima kubuntsapho" okanye ngokuziphatha kwakhe eklasini.
Uninzi lwe-stigma ejikeleze imishanguzo ye-ADHD , ngaphandle kwento yokuba iyakhuthaza, ihambelana nemiphumo eyingozi . Ekuqaleni, kwakukho imithi emibili nje kuphela, uRitalin noAdderall, kwaye beza kumbalwa amanani. Kwakusoloko kwakuthetha ukuba umntwana wayenokunyamezela nayiphi na imiphumo eyayiyimpembelelo ayenawo, njengokulahleka kwesisindo, ukulala, okanye nokuba utshintsho kubuntu ukuba ufuna ukuqhubeka nokuthatha iyeza.
Ngethamsanqa, ngoku kukho ukhetho olungakumbi kumachiza e-ADHD kwaye nganye iyafumaneka kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zamayeza. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuhlawula itayiti yomntwana ukwenzela ukukhulisa iinzuzo zeyeza kunye nokunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa nayiphi na imiphumo emibi.
Amachiza e-ADHD aqhelekileyo aquka:
- I-Methylphenidate- (okanye i- Ritalin ) -yayisezantsi
- I-Concerta
- Daytrana (i-patch)
- I-Focalin ne-Focalin XR
- CD yeMetadate
- Metadate ER
- Iimethylin ezicatshulwayo
- Solution Metallin Oral Solution
- I-Methylin ER
- Ritalin
- Ritalin LA
- Ritalin SR
- U-Quillichew ER - ifomu elijongene nexesha elibonakalayo le-ritalin
- I-Quillivant XR - ifom ye-ritalin esebenzayo ende
- Amphetamine-based
- Adderall kunye neAdderall XR
- Dexedrin
- Vyvanse
- Adzenys XR ODT
- ProCentra - i-short acting acting
- Abangasebenzi
- Ukukhululwa kuka- Guanfacine
- Kapvay - ukukhululwa kweClonidine
- I-Strattera (engeyiyo ivuselela)
Ezi zonyango zihluke njani ukuba zihlala ixesha elide (ezenziweyo ezimfutshane kunye nokuthatha ixesha elide), iziphumo zabo ezichaphazelekayo (ezinokuthi zihluke kumntwana omnye ukuya kwelinye), kwaye ziphi na uhlobo ezikhoyo (iipsules, ipatch, iipilisi, njl. . Ukuba umntu akasebenzi, udokotela wakho wezilwanyana uya kulungelelanisa umthamo okanye utshintshele kwenye uze ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo lomntwana wakho.
Ukuba unyango lwe-ADHD yomntwana alusebenzi kakuhle, unokufuna uncedo olongezelelweyo, olubandakanya:
- ukuvavanya kwakhona ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana unayo i-ADHD
- ukuguqulwa esikolweni phantsi kweCandelo 504 loMthetho wokuBuyiselwa koLuntu okanye abaBantu abanezeMpilo yoLimo (IDEA)
- unyango
- ukulala ubusuku obuhle
Ukuvandlakanywa kwengqondo yengqondo yomntwana kunye / okanye umntwana wengqondo unokuncedisa ukuba umntwana wakho ene-ADHD uyaqhubeka emzabalazo nangona unyango osebenzayo.
Imithombo:
AAP. Isikhokelo seZiklinikhi zokuSebenza: I-ADHD: Isikhokelo seNkcazo yokuSebenza, ukuVavanya kunye nokuPhathwa kweNkcazo-Ukulahleka / ukuxhatshazwa kwengxaki kwi-Children and Adolescents. Izifo zengqondo, ngoNovemba 2011, 128 (5) 1007-1022
I-American Academy yabantwana kunye ne-Adolescent Psychiatry. Yenza iParamameter yoVavanyo kunye noNyango lwaBantwana kunye ne-Adolescents nge-Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder. J. AM. I-ACAD. CHILDADOLESC. I-PSYCHIATRY, 46: 7, JULY 2007.