Imfazwe okanye impendulo yendiza yempendulo yomzimba kwi-stimulus eyenziwa yimizimba yethu yingozi okanye isongela ubomi. Le mpendulo-nayo ibizwa ngokuba yimpendulo enzima-iyaqhelana nabantu abaninzi njengesivakalelo esinzulu sokuxhalabisa, ukugubha kunye nokwesaba okuza kwenzeka xa imizimba yethu ilungiselela imeko engxamisekileyo.
Okokuqala kuchazwe kuma-1920, ukulwa okanye impendulo yendiza yinto yokuqala yokuqala yesifo sengqondo sokuzibandakanya ngokuqhelekileyo, kwi-battle or response response, i-stimuli ibangela ukuvuselelwa kwenkqubo ye-nervous sympathetic system.
Inkqubo yesantya ebonisa uxolo ithumela umyalezo kwiingqungquthela ze-adrenal ezibangelwa ukukhululwa kwama-hormone oxinzelelo, epinephrine (adrenaline,) norepinephrine (noradrenaline,) ne- cortisol , phakathi kwabanye. Ezi zihomoni, zikhokelela kwiimpawu ezihambelana nempendulo.
Umlingani kwi-flight okanye impendulo yendiza yempendulo yokuphumula apho umzimba uphindela kwindawo eqhelekileyo. "Ixesha lokubuyiselwa" phakathi kokulwa okanye ukuphendula kwendiza kunye nokumiselwa kwemisebenzi yomzimba kuyahluka kodwa kaninzi kuvela phakathi kwemizuzu engama-20 ukuya kweyesi-60 emva kokuvuselela ukuba isifo esicatshulwayo siyabonakala.
Injongo yokulwa okanye ukuphendula ngokuPhupha
Impendulo yokulwa-okanye-yindiza yindlela yokuxinezeleka eyayinokwenzeka ukuba ivela kwiimfuno zokusinda zabazali bethu bokuqala abahlala neengozi zemihla ngemihla. Ukubonisa, cinga ukuba uhlala emhumeni wokuhlala uhlaziye ngokuhlwa kwaye ujabulele ukubamba imihla ngemihla.
Ngokukhawuleza, i-tiger enkulu elambileyo elambileyo ibonakala kwindlu yakho. Kuye, ukhangeleka njengesitya esihlwabusayo kwisitya sokutya. Kodwa, ukuyila komntu ukukhawuleza ngamandla kunye namandla, okwandisa amathuba okusinda kulo mcimbi.
Ukulwa okanye ukuPhumela impendulo kunye neNgxaki yokuHlaphaza
Abanye abathathi-mfundiso bakholelwa ukuba le mpendulo yexinzelelo yokudala ibonakala kwiinkxalabo eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene neengxaki zentsapho zanamhlanje, ngokukodwa, ukwesaba iindawo ezinkulu ezivulekileyo okanye kwiimeko ezingenayo indlela yokuphepha.
Kwihlabathi eliyingozi lookhokho bethu, ukuwela insimu enkulu evulekile kushiya umntu osengozini ukuhlaselwa. Kuyafana okufanayo ukuba kukhonxwe ngaphandle kwendlela yokuphepha.
Yintoni eyenzekayo xa i-Fight-or-Flight Response ishukunyiswa?
Abaphandi baye bachonga utshintsho oluthile lwezinto eziphilayo ezenzeka ngexesha lokuphendula ngokunyanzela ukuhamba-moya. Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, olu tshintsho lukholelwa ukuba lubangelwa yinkqubo yesantya ebonisa uxolo ngokukhutshwa kwama-hormone oxinzelelo kwigazi. Olu khu luleko lubangela ukusabela ngokukhawuleza kwenyama ekulungiseleleni umsebenzi we-muscular kufuneka ulwa okanye ubalekele ingozi.
Ezinye zeenguqu kule nkqubo ziquka:
- Ukongeza kwenani lentliziyo
- Ukuphefumula ngokukhawuleza
- Ukunyanzelwa kwemithambo yegazi kwezinye iindawo zomzimba kunye nokuhlanjululwa kwemijelo yegazi kwiimisipha (ukunyuka kwegazi ukunyuka kwiimfucu ezifunekayo zokusinda, njengezihlunu zamathambo kunye nokunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwiifomesi ezingabalulekanga ukuba ziphunyuke, ezifana nezihlunu ezihambayo ezinxulumene ukugaya)
- Ukuxilwa kwabafundi
- Ukukhutshwa kwamabhuku (ukulahlekelwa kweendlebe)
- Umbono weTunnel (ukulahlekelwa kombono wembambano ukwenzela ukugxininisa ngokupheleleyo ingozi ekhoyo)
- Ukuphosa (ukupholisa umzimba wakho ngokuphendula ukushisa okwenziwe njengoko umzimba wakho ulungele ukulwa nesidlo)
Ezi tshintsho zenyama zivela ngokukhawuleza nangokuzenzekelayo. Ukuba umntu wayejongene nesiganeko esongela ubomi, kuya kulindeleke. Kodwa, xa bevela xa bethatha ukutya okumbalwa ukutya kwidlo okanye ukuhlala kwintlanganiso emsebenzini, banokwesabisa. Ekubeni ubuninzi bexinzelelo kubantu bethu bemihla yoxinzelelo lweengqondo , le mpendulo yangaphambili eyayiyimfuneko yokusinda ingabangela ingozi.
Uloyiko Oluya Kuqinisekiswa Xa Akukho Nengozi
Ngethuba lokuhlaselwa kwe-panic, inkqubo ye-alamu yomzimba ibangelwa ngaphandle kobukho bungozi. Kukungabikho kwengozi ebonakalayo eyenza ukwandisa uloyiko olujongene nokuhlaselwa koyika.
Ukuba kukho ingozi ebonakalayo, siyaqonda iimpawu. Sinokoyika ke ingozi, kungekhona impawu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba akukho nengozi kwaye umntu ufumana ukutshiza kwaye utshintsho kwisantya senhliziyo, ukuphefumla, umbono kunye nokuva, kubonakala kunengqiqo ukwesaba iimpawu, nokuba ukholelwa ukuba zisongela ubomi.
Ngokwenyama, umzimba wakho ukuxelela ukuba ulungele, usengozini enkulu. Kodwa ungayilungisa njani ingqondo ngengqondo ethile engabonakaliyo? Kungenzeka ukuba unikezela iimpawu iimpazamo eziphosakeleyo. Kungenzeka ukuba ubaleke ngokukhawuleza le meko ngokungathi kuyingozi. Kodwa, ezi ngcamango nezenzo akunakukukhupha ngaphandle kwengozi. Bakomeleza kwaye baqinise umbutho wokwesaba olungekelwe kwisongelo.
Unyango
Ekubeni ukulwa okanye ukuphendula kwendiza kukuxhomekeke kwiimpawu ezininzi eziqhelekileyo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwengxaki, abaphandi baphando ngeendlela zokumisa le mpendulo.
Ekubeni i-flight okanye impendulo yendiza ayikho phantsi kolawulo oluqondayo, kodwa kunokuba impendulo engabonakaliyo ayisebenzanga nje ithi "andiyixinzelelo." Unyango lwengxaki yokuphazamiseka kaninzi luquka iinkqubo ezininzi ezibandakanya zombini amayeza kunye nonyango lokuziphatha. Enye indlela yokunyangwa kwengxaki ebizwa ngokuba yi- désensitization iqwalasela ukulwa okanye ukuphendula kwendiza. Ngale ndlela, abantu abaneengxaki zokuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza bavelele ekukhathazeni okuxhalabisayo ngelixa befunda ukulawula uxhalabo lwabo kunye nexhala.
Ukuzivocavoca kunye nezinye izinto zokunciphisa ingcinezelo kunokunceda ukunceda ukuhlaziya umzimba emva kokuqala ukuhamba okanye ukuphendulwa kwendiza. Ekubeni abantu abaninzi, kunye nabangenalo ukuphazamiseka kwengxaki, banokujamelana nomgangatho wokuxinzezeleka okungabangela umonakalo kunokuba luncedo kumzimba (ngokungafani ne " eustress "), ukuthatha isikhashana ukujonga ezi ndlela zokulawula uxinzelelo kunokuthi yintoni na ugqirha yalelwa.
Imithombo:
Petrowski, K., Herold, U., Joraschky, P., Witchen, H., kunye noKirschbaum. Iprojekthi yokuxhaswa kweCortisol engekho ukuphendula kweengxaki zengqondo kwizigulane ezineengxaki zokuphazamiseka komsindo kunye neCortisol eqhelekileyo yokuphendula izimpendulo. Psychoneuroendocrinology . 2010. 35 (3): 414-21.
UPetrowski, K., Wintermann, G., Schaarschmidt, M., Bornstein, S., kunye noC. Kirschbaum. I-Blunted Salivary kunye ne-Plasma Cortisol Impendulo kwizigulane ngeNgxaki yokuHlaphaza kwiNkcazo. I-International Journal ye-Psychophysiology . 2013. 88 (1): 35-9.