Funda Ngezizathu Ezikhoyo Zengxaki Yobungqina Bipolar
Ingaba isifo sengqondo se-bipolar sinokubangelwa kukunqongophala kwe-lithium ebuchosheni okanye inja ibetha ebuntwaneni? Akumangalisi ukuba kukho ulwazi oluninzi olungafanelekanga xa lithetha ngokuthetha ngeziganeko ezinokubangelwa yi-bipolar disorder. Ukongeza kwidideko, uphando lwezenzululwazi luyaqhubeka nokupapasha ulwazi olutsha kunye neengcamango.
Iingcamango zeso sizathu se-Bipolar Disorder
Ngaba kukho umntu ofumene imbangela yecalalar disorder?
Ngelishwa, akukho mpendulo elula. Uninzi lwesayensi lukholelwa ukuba izifo zengqondo zibangelwa ukudibanisa kwezinto ezininzi zokusebenza kunye. Kwimiba ye-bipolar, ezi zinto zihlala zihlula kwizinto eziphilayo kunye neengqondo. Ngamanye amazwi, izizathu eziphambili zokugula ngengqondo zikhula zizinto ezibonakalayo (eziphilayo) kunye nokusingqongileyo.
Izinto ezinokuthi zenzeke nge-Genetic Disorder Disorder
Xa uthetha malunga nezizathu zezinto eziphilayo, umbuzo wokuqala kukuba ingaba i-bipolar disorder izuze ilifa. Lo mbhalo uphando malunga neentsapho ezininzi, ukwamukelwa, kunye nama-twin izifundo. Kwiintsapho zabantu abaneengxaki zokuguquka kwengqondo, izihlobo zokuqala (abazali, abantwana, abantakwabo) banokufumana ingxaki yokukhathazeka kwemizwa kunezinye izalamane zabangenayo i-bipolar disorder. Izifundo zamamawele zibonisa ukuba ukuba elinye iwele liphethe ingxaki yesimo sengqondo, iwele elifanayo liphindwe kathathu ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunamawele omzalwana ukuba abe nesifo sengqondo.
Kwi-bipolar disorder ngqo, ezinye iifundo zibeke inani le-concordance (xa amawele amabini ene-disorder) kuma-80 ekhulwini amawele afanayo xa kuthelekiswa nama-16 ekhulwini kuphela ngamawele omzalwana. Oku kubalulekile kwiingcamango ze-genetic kuba amawele afanayo ayenzeka xa iqanda elitsalisiweyo lihlula ezimbini, oku kuthetha ukuba babelana ngezinto ezifanayo zofuzo.
Ngamawele angamawele, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zivela kumaqanda ahlukeneyo azalisiweyo, ngoko iirasethi zabo ezizuze njengefa zingahluka. Kukho ubungqina obunzima bokuthi i-bipolar disorder ingayifumana ifa kunye nokuba kunobungozi bokuvelisa ukugula.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kwama-Neurotransmitters kunye neengxaki zoMoya
Nangona kunjalo, yintoni eyona ilifa? Inkqubo ye- neurotransmitter ifumane ingqwalaselo enkulu njengento ebangela ukuba i-bipolar disorder. Abaphandi baye bazi iminyaka emininzi ukuba ikhonkco likhoyo phakathi kwama- neurotransmitters kunye neengxaki zengqondo kuba iziyobisi eziguqula aba bathumelayo nazo zinciphisa ukukhathazeka kwemizwa:
- Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba izinga eliphantsi okanye eliphakamileyo le-neurotransmitter efana ne- serotonin , i- norepinephrine , okanye i- dopamine yimbangela.
- Ezinye iziphumo zibonisa ukuba ukungalingani kwezi zinto kukuyingxaki, oko kukuthi, ukuba inqanaba elithile le-neurotransmitter alibalulekanga njengexabiso layo ngokumalunga namanye ama-neurotransmitters.
- Sekunjalo, ezinye iifundo zifumene ubungqina bokuba utshintsho kwi-cell receptors kwiiseli zesisombululo lunokuba ngumba.
Ngamafutshane, abaphandi baqinisekile ukuba inkqubo ye-neurotransmitter ubuncinane yinxalenye yeso sifo sokuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar, kodwa uphando olongezelelweyo luyafuneka ukuba lucacise indima yayo ngqo.
Ukuxinzezeleka kwengxaki kunye neNgxaki ye-Bipolar Disorder
Imiba yengqondo, yeemeko kunye neyokusingqongileyo, kucingelwa ukuba iziganeko zobomi ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni i-bipolar disorder. Ezi zinokuhlula ukusuka ekufeni kwintsapho ekulahlekelweni komsebenzi, kwaye ukususela ekuzalweni komntwana ukuhamba. Inokuba yinto enhle kakhulu, kodwa ayikwazi ukuchazwa ngokuchanekileyo, kuba ukukhathazeka komntu omnye kunokuthi kube yinye iqhekeza lomntu.
Ngaloo ngqondweni, uphando lufumene ukuba iziganeko zobomi ezixinzelelekileyo zingakhokelela ekuqaleni kweempawu ezibangelwa yi-bipolar disorder. Nangona kunjalo, xa i-disorder ikhutshwe kwaye iqhubela phambili, "kubonakala iphuhlisa ubomi bodwa." Emva kokuba umjikelezo uqale, iinkqubo zengqondo kunye / okanye yezinto eziphilayo zithatha kwaye zigcine zigugu.
Ngaphantsi
Xa sijonga imbangela yokukhubazeka kwe-bipolar, inkcazelo engcono ngokuphathelele uphando olukhoyo ngeli xesha libizwa ngokuba yi "Diathesis-Stress Model." Igama elithi diathesis , ngokwemiqathango elula, ibhekisela kwisimo somzimba esenza umntu abe neengxaki ngakumbi kunezinye izifo. Ngaloo ndlela i-Diathesis-Stress Model ithi umntu ngamnye uzuze ubunzima bezinto ezibonakalayo kwiingxaki ezinokuthi zingabonakali okanye zingabonakali kuye kuxhomekeke kukuphi ukucindezeleka ezenzeka ebomini bakhe.
Ngoko umgca, ngoku ukucinga kwamhlanje, kukuba ukuba unesifo sengqondo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, mhlawumbi uzalwe unakho ukuvelisa le ngxaki kwaye into ebangela ubomi bakho. Nangona kunjalo, izazinzulu ziyakucoca loo ngcamango kusasa. Enye into eqinisekileyo kukuba abayikuyeka ukukhangela izimpendulo.
Umthombo
- Akiskal HS. Iingxaki zemizi: iimpawu zonyango. KuBJ Sadock et al., I-eds., I-Kaplan ne-Sadock yeNcwadi yokuQinisekisa ye-Psychiatry, 9th, vol. 1, iphe. 1693-1733. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams noWilkins (2009).