I-Neurons ne-Fibers yama-Muscle zihlala ziphendula ngokuthe ngqo kwi-Stimulus
Umthetho wonke okanye ongenamnye ngumgaqo othi amandla ompendulo weselonda okanye i-fibre fiber ayixhomekeke kumandla okuvuselela. Ukuba i-stimulus ingaphezu komda othile, i-nervous or muscle fiber iya kutshisa. Okubalulekileyo, kuya kuba neempendulo ezipheleleyo okanye ayiyi kuba nempendulo kuyo yonke i-neuron okanye i-fibre fiber.
Usebenza njani uMthetho wonke-okanye-akukho?
Ukuba ivuselelo linamandla ngokwaneleyo, isenzo esinokuthi senzeke kwaye i-neuron ithumela ulwazi phantsi kwe-axon kude nomzimba weseli kunye ne-synapse. Utshintsho kwi-cell polarization lubangela ukuba isignali isakazwe phantsi ubude be-axon.
Isenzo esinokuthi sihlale siphendula ngokupheleleyo. Akukho nto injalo "njengamandla" okanye "amandla athathaka". Kunoko, yinkqubo yonke-nanye-nanye. Oku kunciphisa ukuba kungenzeka ukuba ulwazi luya kulahleka endleleni.
Nje Ukudubula Isibhamu
Le nkqubo isebenza ngokufana nesenzo sokunyanzela ukuqhuma kwesibhamu. Uxinzelelo oluncinane kwi-trigger ngeke lwanele kwaye isibhamu asiyi kutsha. Xa uxinzelelo olwaneleyo lusetyenziswa kwi-trigger, kunjalo, liya kutshisa. Ijubane kunye nebhola le-bullet ayichaphazelwa kukuba unzima kangakanani ukutsala i-trigger. Isibhamu sitshisa okanye asikwazi. Kulo mzekelo, i-stimulus ibonisa amandla esetyenzisiweyo kwi-trigger ngelixa ukuqhuma kwesibhamu kubonisa amandla okusebenza.
IQumrhu liQinisekisa njani uMandla weStimulus?
Unokufumana njani amandla okanye ubunzulu bokuvuselela ukuba amandla okwenziwa kwamanyathelo angayidlulisi le ngcaciso? Kubonakala ukuba, ukukwazi ukujonga ubungakanani bentshukumo kubalulekile, ekufumaneni indlela eshushu ngayo indebe yekhofi njengokuba uthatha isiphumo sokuqala ukuba uqiniseke ukuba umntu ophazamise kangakanani isandla sakho.
Ukuze ulinganise ukunyusa amandla, inkqubo yeentlanzi ixhomekeke kwisantya apho i-neuron yomlilo kunye nawaphi ama- neurons omlilo nanini nayiphi na ixesha. I-neuron yokudubula ngezinga elikhawulezayo ibonisa ukuxhobisa ngamandla. Iimvane ezininzi ezibetha ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokulandelelana ngokukhawuleza kuya kubonisa ukuvuselela okunamandla.
Ukuba uthabatha ikofu yakho kwaye kushushu kakhulu, i-neurons ye-sensory emlonyeni wakho iya kuphendula ngezinga elikhawulezayo. Ukubambisana ngokukhawuleza kwintsebenziswano kubakhokelela ekuqhubheni ngokukhawuleza kwe-neural kunye nokuphendula kwimiva emininzi yezandla ezandleni zakho. Kuzo zombini iimeko, izinga kunye nenani le-neurons ukushayela linika ulwazi oluxabisekileyo malunga nobukhulu be-original stimulus.
Ukufunyanwa koMthetho wonke-okanye-akukho
Umthetho wonke-okanye-wawungowokuqala owachazwa ngo-1871 ngu-physicist Henry Pickering Bowditch. Ngenkcazo yakhe yokwahlukana kwentliziyo yesifo, wachaza wathi, "Ukutshatyalaliswa kokungeniswa kwemveliso kuvelisa ukusilela okanye ukuhluleka ukwenza oko ngokwamandla ayo; ukuba yenza njalo, kuvelisa ukuphambana okukhulu kunakho nawuphi na amandla ukuvuselela kwimeko ye-muscle ngexesha. "
Nangona umthetho wonke-okanye-nanye wawungasetyenziselwa okokuqala kwiintliziyo zentliziyo, kamva kwafumanisa ukuba i- neurons nezinye izihlunu ziphendula kwakhona kwi-stimuli ngokwale mgaqo.
> Umthombo:
> Martini F, uNath JL. I-Anatomy & Physiology . I-San Francisco, CA: Benjamin Cummings; 2010.