Uvavanyo luyakwazi ukusetyenziswa kokusetyenziswa kotywala kotywala, kubuya
Ababoneleli ngezeMpilo abanenkxalabo yokuba izigulane zabo zisenokusela utywala kumanqanaba anobungozi zivavanyo lwegazi abangayisebenzisa ukuze banqume ukuba ngaba batywala kakhulu.
Uvavanyo lwe-carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) lwavunywa ngo-2001 yi-FDA njengolu vavanyo lwe-biomarker alcohol. Ingasetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba umntu utywala okanye utywala kakhulu (ezine okanye ezinye iziphuzo ngosuku).
Ingasetyenziselwa ukuchonga ukuba umntu onxilisayo unobungozi.
Izizathu Zezonyango Ukungaphuzi
Kukho imeko ezininzi zonyango apho isigulane akufanele sisebenzise utywala, okanye singadli ixabiso elikhulu lotywala. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela okanye uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi, umzekelo, akufanele baphuze kakhulu, kwaye akukho mntu ufanele abe ne-Hepatitis C okanye isifo sesibindi.
Izigulane ezithatha amayeza athile akufanele ziphuze ngenxa yomngcipheko wokufumana impendulo kumachiza kunye notywala . Abantu abaphathekayo ngenxa yentlungu nge-opioid painkillers okanye abo bathatha iidalative okanye izibonelelo zokulala abafanelekanga ukusela utywala kakhulu ngenxa yengozi ye-system central neervous shutting.
Iimvavanyo ezizizimeleyo
Ngokwesiko, oogqirha kunye nabanye ababonelela ngezezempilo basebenzise iimvavanyo ezincinci zokuhlola utywala ukuze baqinisekise ukuba ngaba izinga labagulane basebenzisa izidakamizwa. Ingxaki ngalawo vavanyo yokuhlola iinjongo zabo kuxhomekeke kwisigulane sinyaniseka malunga nokusela okungakanani.
Izigulane ezingenayo ingxaki yotywala mhlawumbi ngokuchanekileyo zizenzele ingxelo yazo izinga lokusetyenziswa. Kodwa abo baneengxaki banokuthi banciphise amanqanaba abo okusela. Ingxaki enkulu, mhlawumbi isigulane siya kukhanyela ukusetyenziswa kotywala okunzima.
Ngoko ke, loo mvavanyo emfutshane yokuhlola ilawulwa kwimeko yokunakekelwa kwempilo ayikwazi ukuvelisa uvavanyo oluchanekileyo.
Uvavanyo lwe-CDT lunikeza umboneleli wezempilo uncedo xa ekhwaza isigulane unokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala.
Uvavanyo luni lwe-CDT?
I-Transferrin yinto egazini ephethe intsimbi kwintsipho yesibindi, isibindi, nesantya. Xa umntu esela kakhulu, kwandisa iintlobo ezithile ze-transferrin ezingenalo i-carbohydrate. Xa i-carbohydrate engenayo i-transferrin iyanda, ingalinganiswa kwigazi kwaye ngoko ke i-biomarker yokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala .
Uvavanyo lwe-CDT lusebenza njani?
Abantu abangaphuziyo, okanye basele ngokwemodareyitha, baya kuba negalelo le-carbohydrate elingekho elingaphantsi kwegazi labo, ezinye izifundo zisebenzisa ukucinywa kwe-% engama-1,7. Kodwa, abantu abasela iziselo ezine okanye ngaphezulu ngosuku, ubuncinane iintsuku ezintlanu ngeveki ezimbini kwiiveki phambi kokuvavanywa baya kuba neCDT kumazinga aphezulu kakhulu.
Kwizigulane ezisela ibhotile yewayini, iibhiya ezintlanu, okanye isiqingatha se-whisky ngosuku, uvavanyo lwe-CDT luchanekile kakhulu ekufumaneni loo nqanaba lokusela kakhulu .
Kuninzi ngendlela efanayo ukuba uvavanyo lwe-A1C luyakwazi ukubona amanqanaba e-glucose egazini kwithuba leentsuku ezingama-90, uvavanyo lwe-CDT lunokubona ukusetyenziswa kotywala olunzima ngexesha elide.
Ukuba umntu uyayeka ukusela, amanqanaba e-CDT aya kuncipha, kodwa xa aqala ukusela kwakhona, amanqanaba aya kuphinda akhule.
Iindawo ezingamanga
Okokuqala, akusiyo wonke umntu onesidima se-CDT. Kwipesenti encinci yabemi, ukusetyenziswa kotywala okunzima akuphakamisi umgangatho we-carbohydrates-deficient transferrin. Ngako oko, ababoneleli bezempilo abanomsola wokusela kakhulu kwizigulane zabo bakhuthazwa ukuba basebenzise ezinye iimvavanyo zokusela i-alcohol biomarker.
Kukho izinto eziphilayo ezinokunyusa amanani ama-CDT, njengama-hormone, i-hormone yabasetyhini, izitishi zesinyithi, i-index ye-mass body index, i-catabolic states, isifo esingasigxina se-pulmonary disease nesifo sesibindi sokugqibela.
Iimvavanyo zokuqala ze-CDT ziza kubuyisa iimpazamo ezingamanga ngenxa yezi zinto zingentla, kodwa ngoku iimvavanyo ezintsha ziyakwazi ukuchonga ukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo ezingabangela iziphumo ezingamanga kunye nezinto ezimbi, kwakunye neepatheni ezibangelwa zizifo zesibindi ezihlobene nokusela kakhulu.
Ukuqokelela ulwazi olungakumbi
Kukho iiphononongo ezininzi ezenziwe ngokuphumelela kokusebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-CDT ukucacisa ukusela kakhulu kwizigulane, kwaye nangona ezo zifundo zifumanisa ukuba uvavanyo luchanekileyo, alukho ukungahambi kakuhle.
Abaphandi bacetyisa ukuba ukuba uvavanyo lwe-CDT yesigulane lubonisa ukusela okunobungozi, ukuba ababoneleli ngezezempilo basebenzise ezinye iindlela ukuze bancede baqinisekise iziphumo-kuquka ukusetyenziswa kweemibuzo, uvavanyo lweGGT (gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase), okanye uvavanyo lwe- EtG (ethyl glucuronide). ubona ukusetyenziswa kotywala kwiiyure ezingama-24-72 ezedlulileyo).
Kutheni ukuhlolwa kwe-CDT kubalulekile?
Enye yezifundo zophando ezisebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-CDT phakathi kwezigulane ezineesifo sikashukela kunye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu zifumene ukuba kwezi zigulane ezingama-799 zifundwe, iipesenti ezili-9 zabantu abaneesifo seswekile kunye neepesenti ezili-15 zalawo uphezulu lwegazi ophuzayo ziphuza kumazinga anokulimaza.
Ukuba ezo ipesenti zibambe lonke, kungathi ukuba izigidi ezili-1,35 zesifo sikashukela kunye nezigidi ezi-7.5 zezigulane zengxakeko ziselo zisela kumanqanaba afaka impilo yabo engozini.
Ngoko ke, abaphandi bacetyisa ukuba iindleko zonyango zinganciphisa kakhulu ukuba ababoneleli benkonzo bezempilo basebenzise uvavanyo lwe-CDT ukuze bachonge izigulane zabo zesifo sikashukela, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye nezinye iimeko ezisela kakhulu.
Uncedo ekujongeni ukubuyiselwa
Ukongeza kokubona ukusela okuninzi kwizigulane ezineemeko ezinobungozi, uvavanyo lwe-CDT lunokusetyenziswa kwimihlaba yokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi ukwenzela ukubeka isenzo sokuzibamba nokuziyeka.
Abanye abaneengqondo kunye nabagula ngengqondo basebenzisana nezidakwa basebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-CDT ukuze bafumane umgangatho wokuqala xa beqala ukudibana nesigulane. Kwiiveki kunye neenyanga ezilandelayo, bangasebenzisa iimvavanyo ze-CDT ezizayo ukuze banqume ukuba umntu uhlala ehlaziyekile okanye uye wangena ngasese.
Ngokomphandi, uvavanyo lwe-CDT yiyo kuphela i-biomarker yobunxilongo evelele ngokwaneleyo ukufumanisa ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala okanye ukuphinda uhlawule.
Imithombo
- Bianchi, V. et al. "Uthelekiso phakathi kwe-serum carbohydrate engenayo i-transferrin neenwele ethyl glucuronide ekufumaneni ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala ngokuqhelekileyo." Utywala kunye noTywala ngoMeyi 2015.
- DeGiovanni, N, et al. "Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokusetyenziswa kotywala kotywala kunye ne-serum carbohydrate-deficient transferrin: ingxelo yecala." Ukuvavanywa kweziyobisi kunye nohlalutyo lukaDisemba 2014
- Yunivesithi Yonyango yaseMzantsi Carolina. Ukuhlolwa Okunxilisayo kotywala - I-Carbohydrate Defter Transferrin (% CDT) kunye ne-Urine Ethylglucuronide (ETG) Ukuvavanya. " I-Institute of Psychiatry Ifikelele ngoJuni 2015
- ILayibrari yeSizwe ka-US yamayeza. "Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase." I-Medical Encyclopedia