Uvavanyo lovavanyo lokusela utywala lunceda ukuba usebenzise kakubi utywala okanye utywala utywala. Igumbi elingxamisekileyo lingasebenzisa uvavanyo olufutshane olwenza isigqibo esisekelwe kumbuzo wokuqala, ngelixa umqeqeshi wezempilo yengqondo anethuba lokulawula uvavanyo olude kunye neminye imibuzo.
Ukunyaniseka kweemvavanyo ezimfutshane akunako ukuphakama njengoko zide.
Emva kokuxilongwa kokuqala, ukuvavanywa kwexesha elide kunokunceda ukuba isigxina sakho sokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala sinomnene, ulinganise okanye ukhulu.
Uvavanyo lweCAGE
Esinye sezixhobo eziphambili zokujonga ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala yi-CAGE uvavanyo, oluyimvavanyo emfutshane, emine emininzi yokuvavanya iingxaki zotywala ngaphezu kobomi bonke.
- C - Ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba unqunywe xa usela?
- A- Ngaba abantu bakucaphukisa ngokugxeka ukusela kwakho?
- G - Ngaba uvakalelwa kakubi okanye unetyala ngokusela kwakho?
- I-E-Eye-opener: Ngaba uke wasela isiselo sokuqala ekuseni ukuze uqine iimbilini zakho okanye ulahlekelwe isithinte?
Iimpendulo ezimbini "ewe" zibonisa iingxaki ngotywala.
Ukungahambi kakuhle kwe-CAGE vavanyo ayikho into echanekileyo kubantu abadala, abafazi abamhlophe, kunye nabaseMelika nabaseMexico.
Uvavanyo lwe-T-ACE
Uvavanyo lwe-T-ACE lunemibuzo emine, kubandakanywa ezintathu ukusuka kuvavanyo lwe-CAGE, kodwa luye lwabonakalisa oluchanekileyo ekufumaneni iingxaki zotywala kwimbini nabasetyhini.
- T - Ingaba kuthatha ngaphezu kweesithathu iziphuzo ukuze uzive uphakamileyo?
- A - Ngaba wakha waphazamiseka ngabantu ukugxekwa kokusela kwakho?
- C - Ngaba uzama ukunciphisa ukusela?
- E - Ngaba wayesebenzisa utywala njengento yokuvula iso?
Izimpendulo ezimbini "yee" zibonisa ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala okanye ukuxhomekeka.
Uvavanyo lwe-AUDIT
Enye yeemvavanyo ezichanekileyo nguVavanyo lweNgcaciso yoLwaphulo lokuSebenza koTywala (i-AUDIT). Ichanekile ukuya kuma-94 ekhulwini wexesha kunye namaqela eentlanga kunye nesini.
Unemibuzo e-10 ekhethiweyo ekhethiweyo kwi-system, kwaye amanqaku angaphezu kwesibhozo ibonisa ingxaki yotywala.
Ukungalungi kukuba kuthatha ixesha elide ukulawula kwaye kunzima ukufaka amanqaku kunemibuzo emfutshane.
Uvavanyo lweRAPS4
Isikrini seNkcazo soTywala esiphuthumayo (RAPS) sibuza imibuzo efana novavanyo lweCAGE, kodwa kwindlela eyahlukileyo. Impendulo enye "yebo" impendulo ibonisa ukuba ingxaki yokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala kunye neziphumo zichanekile kubo bonke abantu besini kunye neentlanga.
Uvavanyo lweMAST
Uvavanyo lwe-Alcohol Screening Testing of alcohol usetyenziso oluchanekileyo kubantu abadala kunye nabaselula. Inemibuzo engu-22 ewe okanye ayikho, neempendulo ezithandathu ezibonisa ingxaki yokusela.
Ukungalungi ubude kunye nexesha elifunekayo ukuliphawula.
Uvavanyo lweFAST
Uvavanyo lwe-FAST ngumbuzo wemibuzo emine eyenzelwe ngokukodwa kwizigulane zokunyamekela ngokukhawuleza okanye kwiimeko zegumbi loxakeka. Uvavanyo lulula ukwenza amanqaku, kodwa lufumana kuphela iipesenti ezingama-90 zeengxaki zotywala ezifunyenwe ngolu vavanyo lwe-AUDIT.
Test Padtonton Utywala
Uvavanyo lwe-Paddington Alcohol Test (PAT) luya kubagulane befumana unyango lokuwa kunye neengozi kwindawo yokuphucula.
Olu vavanyo lwemibuzo emithathu lulula ukwenza amanqaku.
Ukungalungi kukuthi kubuze imibuzo ecacileyo malunga nokuba utywala obuninzi isigulane, izigulane zivame ukunciphisa okanye zikhanye.
Uvavanyo lweSAAST
Uvavanyo lwe-Self-Administered Alcoholism Screening Test (SAAST) luvavanyo lwemibuzo engama-35 olubuza imibuzo malunga nokulahlekelwa ngumlawuli, ukusebenza komsebenzi, iimiphumo zokusela, kunye nembali yoluntu yotywala .
Enye inzuzo enkulu kukuba kukho uvavanyo lomntu othandekayo onokuyizalisa.
Imithombo:
Isizwe seSizwe soMnxila kunye noTywala. Uvavanyo lweSkrini. Agasti 2004.
Utywala ngexhala. Inkonzo Yolwazi Lwezobisi Zoluntu Ulawulo LwaseNtloko - Izixhobo zokujonga izixhobo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. " Ukubuyiselwa ngo-2007.
IBhunga likaZwelonke malunga nokuNxila kunye nokuxhomekeka kweMithi yeSan Fernado Valley. "UManzi waseMichigan Testing Testing (MAST)." Ngamana ngo-Meyi 2007.
Isizwe seSizwe soMnxila kunye noTywala. Ukuvavanya iingxaki zoTywala - Isikhokelo seKlinikhi kunye nabaPhandi, ukuPhathwa kweSibini. 2003.