Iingxaki ze-Psychological Pre-existing zikhona
Akuqhelekanga ukuba umntu akhulise i-PTSD emva kokudlwengulwa okanye ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo. Igama elithi " ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo " libhekiselele kwizinto ezininzi zokuziphatha ezibandakanya ukudibanisa okungafunekiyo ngokwesondo, njengokuxhatshazwa ngokwesini okanye ukudlwengulwa. Ngelishwa, ukuhlaselwa okunjalo kwenzeka rhoqo kwilizwe lethu, ukubeka amaxhoba engozini kwiinkalo ezinzulu zempilo yengqondo, njengokudandatheka kunye ne-PTSD.
Ngoko, yintoni ekwandisa amathuba okuhlaselwa ngokwesondo? Imiba emibini edibaniswe nomngcipheko ophezulu wokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo ubudala kunye nesondo.
Iingxaki zobungozi bokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo
Abanye abantu banokuthi bafumane ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo. Abasetyhini abasebatsha liqela elithile labantu abaye bafunyanwa kuba mngcipheko omkhulu wokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo.
Ukuhlaselwa kocalulo bokuqala kufumaneke ukuba kwenzeke rhoqo phakathi kweminyaka eyi-16 no-20. Ngokuphathelele ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo ngokohlobo lokudlwengula, udlwengulo lunolwazi oluninzi lwabafazi abaneminyaka eli-18 ukuya kwe-21, olulandelwa ngabasetyhini abaneminyaka eli-22 ukuya ku-24. ngokubhekiselele kwezinye iimpawu, amazinga okuhlaselwa ngokwesondo ayabonakali ahluke rhoqo kwibala, ubuhlanga, okanye inqanaba lokufumana imali.
Ingozi ye-PTSD emva kokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo
Abaphandi baye bahlola nokuba zeziphi izinto ezikhulisa amathuba okuba i-PTSD kunye nezinye iingxaki zengqondo ziya kuphuhlisa emva kokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo.
Zininzi kwezi zinto eziye zachongwa zi:
- Ubukho okanye ukungabikho kweengxaki zengqondo ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo
- Amava okuxinzeleleka kokuphila rhoqo
- Amava okuhlaselwa ngokwesondo okanye olunye uhambo olubi
- Imbali yokuhlukana
- Ubunzima bokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo
Ukufumana Uncedo
Ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo kwenzeka kaninzi kunokuba ungacinga, ngakumbi phakathi kwabasetyhini abaselula.
Ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo kudibaniswe nemiphumo emibi. Iziko loLwaphulo-mthetho lweSizwe loLwaphulo-mthetho kunye ne-RAINN zombini zibonelela ngeenamba zezibonelelo kwabo basenokuba ngabasindayo bokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo okanye bazise abo basinda kunye nokunika iingcebiso zokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo.
Imithombo:
> Brener, ND, McMahon, PM, Warren, CW, & Douglas, KA (1999). Ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo kunye nokuziphatha okuchaphazelekayo kwempilo phakathi kwabafundi beekholeji zaseUnited States. I-Journal ye-Consulting kunye ne-Psychology yecliniki , 67 , 252-259.
> Briere, J., Woo, R., McRae, B., Foltz, J., & Sitzman, R. (1997). Imbali yokuxhatshazwa kwexesha lokuphila, i-demographics, kunye nesimo seklinikhi kwizigulane zesiguli esiphuthumayo segulana. I-Journal ye-Nervous and Mental Disease, 185 , 95-101.
> Burnam, MA, Stein, JA, Golding, JM, Siegel, JM, Sorenson, SB, Forsythe, AB, & Telles, CA (1988). Ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kuluntu lwabantu. I-Journal ye-Consulting ne-Clinical Psychology, 56 , 843-850.
> Foa, EB, & Riggs, DS (1994). I-Posttraumatic stress disorder kunye nodlwengulo. Kwi-RS Pynoos (Umhl.), Ukugula kwengxaki yokuthunyelwa kwe-Posttraumatic: Ukuphononongwa kweklinikhi (iphe. 133-163). Baltimore, MD: I-Press ye-Sidran.
> Kilpatrick, DG, Acierno, R., Resick, HS, Saunders, BE, & Best, CL (1997). Uhlalutyo lwexesha eli-2 lobudlelwane phakathi kohlaselo olunobundlobongela kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kumabhinqa. I-Journal ye-Consulting ne-Clinical Psychology, 65 , 834-847.
> Perkins, C. (1997). Iipateni zobudala bexhoba lobundlobongela obubi. I-Bureau of Justice Report Special Report. I-Washington, DC: i-BJS (NCJ-162031).
> Sorenson, SB, Stein, JA, Siegel, JM, Golding, JM, & Burnam, MA (1987). Ubuninzi bokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo omdala: Iprojekthi yaseLos Angeles Epidemiologic Catchment Area. I-American Journal ye-Epidemiology, 126 , 1154-1164.