I-CBT yiNtetho Enkulu xa Ulwa noxinzelelo okanye ukukhathazeka
Kukho iindlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zengqondo . Abanye abaphengululi bachonga indlela ethile okanye i-orientation xa abanye bebavela kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo. I-CBT yonyango oluthile lusetyenziso oluthile lwe-psychotherapy olufuna ukunceda abantu batshintshe indlela abacinga ngayo.
Unyango lweCognitive-Behavioral
Ulwaphulo- mbono lwendlela yokuziphatha lusekelwe kwingcamango yolwazi kwaye lwaphuhliswa nguAron Beck ngenxa yokuxhalaba nokuxinezeleka.
I-CBT imxube yeengqondo kunye neendlela zokuziphatha ezenza izigulane zithengise iingxoxo zabo zangaphakathi ukuze zitshintshe indlela yokucinga ye-maladaptive. U-Beck wavelisa iinkqubo ezithile zokunceda umngeni weengxaki zeenkolelo kunye neenkolelo kunye nokunceda izigulane zifunde indlela yokutshintsha indlela yokucinga ukuba yinto engokoqobo kwaye oko kukukhokelela ekubeni uzive ungcono. Kwakhona kugxininiswa ekuxazululeni iingxaki kunye nokuziphatha okutshintshayo kunye nabaxhasi bakhuthazwa ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ekwenzeni kwabo unyango.
Ezinye iindidi zeChornitive-Behavioral Treatment
Olunye uhlobo lwe-CBT luyilwaphulo lokuziphatha olushukumisayo (REBT), olwakhiwa ngu-Albert Ellis. U-Ellis ubona iimvakalelo ezinamandla ngenxa yokusebenzisana phakathi kweziganeko kwimeko kunye neenkolelo zethu kunye nokulindela. Ezinye zeenkolelo zinokuba zinamandla okanye zinzima. Umzekelo, ukugcina inkolelo yokuba wonke umntu unokuthanda. Nge-REBT, uya kufunda ukutshintsha loo nkolelo ukuze ibe yinto encinci kakhulu kwaye ingenakukwazi ukuphazamisa ubomi bakho.
Inkolelo yakho inokutshintsha ukufuna abantu ukuba bakuthande kodwa beqonda ukuba akuyiyo yonke into.
Enye ifomu ye-CBT yonyango lokuziphatha ngokuchanekileyo (DBT), elaphuhliswa nguMarsha Linehan ngokuyinhloko ukuba lisetyenziswe kwizigulane ezineengxaki zomntu (BPD). I-DBT igxininisa ukusebenza ekwamukelweni iingcamango neemvakalelo endaweni yokuzama ukulwa nabo.
Injongo kukufumana izigulane ukuba zamkele iingcamango neemvakalelo zabo ukuze zigcine ziguqulwe.
Ukuphuculwa kweengxaki kunye nokuthintela impendulo (ERP) nenye inhlobo ye-CBT edla ngokusetyenziswa kwi- dispersive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Kule nyango, izigulane zibonakaliswe kwiimeko okanye izinto ezibangela ukwesaba kakhulu (ukugqithiswa) kodwa akakwazi ukubandakanyeka ekuziphatheni ezikunceda ukukhulula uxhalaba abazivelayo (ukunyanzeliswa). Ngokomzekelo, ukuba ukwesaba iintsholongwane, ngexesha le-ERP, umgqirha wakho unokukuthintela imali uze uhlambe izandla zakho ixesha elithile. Ukuziqhuba ngokugqithiseleyo kukunceda ufumane ukuzithemba ekujonganeni nokuxhalabisa kwaye unokukunceda kakhulu ukukhupha iimpawu ze-OCD ngokuchithwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
Ngaba i-CBT isebenza ngokudandatheka?
Kuye kunzima ukuphanda ukusebenza kwe-psychotherapy ukususela ngeli xesha lingabhekisela kwimisebenzi emininzi ehlukeneyo. Kodwa-ke, unyango lwezengqondo-zengqondo, luya kuhlawulela kakuhle uphando kwaye luye lwabonakaliswa ukuba luncedo ekuphatheni iimpawu zokudandatheka kunye nokuxhalabisa. Ihlala ifikeleleka ukuya kwixesha elide, ngokuthelekisana nolunye uqheliso ngenxa yokujoliswa kwayo ngoku kunye nokuxazulula iingxaki.
Umnqophiso walo wokufundisa isigulane ukuba ufunde ukuba ngumlobi wodwa uyenzela unyango olude.
Amachiza okanye i-Psychotherapy?
Ukuxinezeleka kunye nokuxhalaba kunokuphathwa ngamachiza, i-psychotherapy okanye zombini. Olunye uphando lubonise ukuba ukudibanisa amayeza kunye neyeza kunokusebenza ngokukodwa.
Iiinkampani zomshuwalense ngamanye amaxesha zikhuthaza oogqirha beentsapho ukuba banikeze amayeza ngaphandle kokubhekisela kwingcali yengqondo yengqondo yengqondo. Kukho amaxesha apho oku kulungele, kodwa kukho amanye amaxesha xa i-psychotherapy iboniswa ngokucacileyo. Ukuba uthatha i-antidepressant okanye i-medication and you believe that part of the problem is not addressed, cinga ukucela uncedo kwizengcali zempilo yengqondo.
Imithombo:
http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/psychotherapies/index.shtml
https://www.beckinstitute.org/get-informed/cbt-faqs/
http://www.adaa.org/finding-help/threatment/therapy
https://www2.nami.org/factsheets/DBT_factsheet.pdf