Indlela yokwelapha egxila kwizinto eziphambili ezinjengokucinga kunye nokwamkelwa.
Ulwaphulo lwe-Dialectical therapy (DBT) luhlobo lwe- cognitive treatment . Iinjongo zayo eziphambili kukufundisa abantu indlela yokuphila ngokukhawuleza, ukuhlangabezana nempilo ngokunyamezela, ukulawula iimvakalelo kunye nokuphucula ubudlelwane nabanye.
Uphi unyango olubhekiselele ekusebenziseni i-Dialectical Treatment?
Kwakujoliswe okokuqala kubantu abaneengxaki zomntu ongekho emngceleni , kodwa sele iguqulelwe kwezinye iimeko apho isigulane sibonakalisa ukuziphatha okuzilimazayo , ezifana nokukhathazeka kokutya kunye nokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi .
Kwakhona ngamanye amaxesha kusetyenziswa ukuphatha ingxaki yokuxinzelela emva kokukhathazeka.
Imbali yeCandelo loPhulo loBomi
I-DBT yaqulunqwa ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1980 nguDkt. Marsha Linehan kunye nabalingane xa befumene ukuba unyango lwendlela yokuziphatha olulodwa lungazange lusebenze kunye nokulindeleke kwizigulane ezineengxaki zomntu. UDkt. Linehan kunye neqela lakhe bathelela ubuchule kwaye baphula unyango oluya kuhlangabezana neemfuno ezizodwa zezi gulane.
I-DBT ivela kwinkqubo yefilosofi ebizwa ngokuthi i dialectics. I-Dialectics isekelwe kwingcamango yokuba yonke into idibene nezochasene kwaye utshintsho lwenzeka xa elinye iqela eliphikisanayo lomelele kunomnye, okanye eminye imigaqo-yezemfundo-ingcamango, ukuchasana kunye nokuhlanganiswa.
Ngokukodwa, i-dialectics yenza ezintathu iingqiqo ezisisiseko:
- Zonke izinto zidibeneyo.
- Utshintsho luhlala luhleli kwaye aluphepheki.
- Ukuchasene kunokudibaniswa ukuze kulungelelanise inyaniso.
Ngaloo ndlela kwi-DBT, isigulane kunye neengcali zisebenzela ukuxazulula ukubonakala kokuphikisana phakathi kokuvuma nokwenza utshintsho ukuze kuveliswe utshintsho olulungileyo kwisigulane.
Olunye ubuchule olunikezwa nguLinehan kunye noogxa lwakhe luqinisekiswa. U-Linehan kunye neqela lakhe bafumene ukuba ngokuqinisekiswa, kunye ne-push push for change, izigulane zazinokwenzeka ukuba zisebenzisane kwaye zingaphantsi kokuxinzezeleka kwiingcamango zenguqu.
I-therapist iqinisekisa ukuba izenzo zomntu "zinengqondo" ngaphakathi kwimeko yamava akhe ngaphandle kokuvuma ukuba ziyindlela efanelekileyo yokuxazulula ingxaki.
I-DBT njengoluhlobo lweChreatitive behavior behavior
I-DBT ngoku iguqukile ibe yindlela efanelekileyo yokuchithwa kwengqondo. Xa umntu engena kwi-DBT, banokulindela ukuthatha inxaxheba kwizicwangciso ezintathu zokuphazamiseka:
- Igumbi lokufundela apho umntu efundiswa khona izakhono zokuziphatha ngokwenza izabelo zasekhaya kunye neendima zokudlala iindlela ezintsha zokusebenzisana nabantu
- Ulwaphulo lomntu ngamnye kunye neengcali eziqeqeshiwe apho ezo zakhono zokufunda zilungiswa kwimingeni yobomi bomntu
- Ifowuni yoqeqesho apho umntu angakwazi ukubiza umnxeba ukuba athole isikhokelo ekujonganeni nobunzima kwiimeko zexeshana
Kwi-DBT, oogqirha ngabanye badibana kunye neqela lokubonisana ukuba bancede bahlale bekhuthazwa ekuphatheni izigulane zabo kwaye bancede bahambe ngendlela enzima kunye neyinkimbinkimbi.
Iimodyuli ezine zonyango lokuziphatha
Abantu abaqhuba i-DBT bafundiswa indlela yokutshintsha kakuhle indlela abaziphethe ngayo ngokusebenzisa izicwangciso ezine eziphambili:
- Ingqiqo-egxininisa kwimeko yangoku ("uhlala ngexesha").
- Ukunyamezela-Ukufunda-ukufunda ukuzithobela kunye neemeko zangoku. Ngokukodwa, abantu bafunda indlela yokunyamezela okanye ukusinda iingxaki ngokusebenzisa ezo ndlela ezine: ukuphazamiseka, ukuzincwina, ukuphucula ukunyakaza, nokucinga ngeenzuzo kunye neengxaki.
- Ukusebenza kwangaphakathi-indlela yokubambisana ngobudlelwane (umzekelo, ukubonisa iimfuno kwaye uthi "hayi") kodwa uqhubeka ulwalamano oluhle kwaye lunempilo.
- Ummiselo woMoya-ukuqonda nokuhlangabezana neemvakalelo ezibi (umzekelo, umsindo) nokunciphisa ubunzima bokukhathazeka ngokomntu ngokunyusa amava amava.
ILizwi
Ukuba ukholelwa ukuba wena okanye othandekayo unokufumana inzuzo kwi-DBT, nceda ufune ukhokelo kumgqirha okanye oqeqeshiweyo wezempilo oqeqeshiwe kule ndlela yokwelapha.
> Imithombo:
> Chapman AL. Ulwaphulo lokuziphatha. I-Psychiatry (Edgmont) . 2006 uSept; 3 (9): 62-68.
> PsychCentral. Inkcazo yeCandelo loPhulo loBomi.
> I-Linehan Institute Behavioral Tech. Yintoni i-DBT?