Amanyathelo angumxholo owaziwayo kwimiboniso yeTV. Ibali liyalumkisa-umntu omncinane okanye umzali onoxanduva olude ulahleka kwaye unqamle ukutshatyalaliswa kotywala okanye iziyobisi, ubhekene nabahlobo kunye nentsapho enononophelo, kwaye kwimeko ethile nje, uyayiqonda impazamo yezindlela zabo kwaye ajika ubomi bawo, kaninzi ngeprogram yokwenza unyango olungaqhelekanga.
Kodwa ngaba inyaniso iyinto elula nje ngokuba inyaniso yeTV ifuna ukuba sikholwe?
Nangona kubonakalisa ukungenelela kwangempela-kubomi kunceda ekunikezeni ithemba kwiimilutha kunye neentsapho zabo, kwaye kubonisa ukuba utshintsho lunokwenzeka, alubonakali nembono echanileyo yinyani, nokuba ngaba bantu ababandakanyekayo okanye ukungenelela njani abo bacinga ukungenelela kumntu abathandayo.
Ngaba Uncedo Lokungenelela?
Ixesha lokungenelela linokudideka ngenxa yokuba lingasetyenziselwa ukubhekisela kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwelapha ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga umlingo, ezininzi zazo ezibhekiselele kubungqina. Ezi ziquka ukuxoxwa ngokunyanisekileyo , ukunyangwa kwengqondo , kunye nezobini zonyango . Ezi zonyango ezisekelwe kubungqina kunye nabanye abaningana, ngokuqhelekileyo kuthathe ixesha kunye nokuzibophezela kwinxalenye yomntu onomlutha kodwa ngokubanzi luncedo.
Oko sikuxubushayo kweli nqaku akusona unyango ngalunye , kodwa kunoko, umzamo olungiselelwe liqela labantu ukukholisa umntu olwalamano kunye nabo ukuba bayeke utywala okanye iziyobisi zabo okanye bafune unyango.
Le nkqubo inokukhokelwa kwaye ikhokelwe ngumngeneleli oqeshwe yintsapho okanye iqela. Ingenelelo ayinakwenziwa ngendlela enobudlova, nangona ngamanye amaxesha ihambelana nokubonakalisa umsindo ngenxa yokuphosakela kwangaphambili komntu onomlutha, kunye nosongelo lokuyeka okanye ukukhawuleza ulwalamano lobuhlobo, kodwa lisoloko lusetyenziswa ngandlela-thile-nokuba Ukubambisana kuboniswa njengesi "simemo," esingaqhelekanga ekunqobeni umlutha.
Ukususela kumbono wobugcisa, ukungenelela akunakukhuthazwa, kuba kungabikho okwaneleyo uphando olutholakalayo ukuxhasa ukuphumelela kwabo. Oko akuthethi ukuba abanako ukusebenza; kuthetha nje ukuba izifundo esizidingayo ukuze 'zibonakalise' ukuphumelela kwamanyathelo angenelelo.
Nangona uphando oluthile luqhutyelwe ekusebenzeni kwamanyathelo ekwenzeni abantu unyango ngexesha lokugqibela kwekhulu lama-20, babonisa ukuba amalungu omndeni akhethe ukuba angayilandela ekujonganeni namalungu abo entsapho. Olunye uphando lubonise ukuba xa beyilandela, bakwazi ukufumana ilungu lentsapho ukuba lithathe unyango, kodwa ekugqibeleni, eli liqela elincinci labantu, kwaye iziphumo zonyango azizange zibikwe.
Khumbula ukuba zonke iindlela zokwelapha, kungakhathaliseki ukuba zisebenza njani, zange zithile zingavunyelwanga, zaza zihamba ngeendlela zokulinga kunye nokuhlaziywa, zaxhaswa ngemali yophando, kwaye ekugqibeleni, kwenziwe uphando olwaneleyo olubonisa ukuphumelela kwabo abaye bamkeleka. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba amkelekileyo isenzo akuthethi ukuba baqinisekiswe ukuba basebenze wonke umntu.
Ukususela kumbono we-anecdotal, ukungenelela kunemibono edibeneyo.
Abanye oogqirha baye babe namava ekusebenzisaneni nabantu abaneentsapho eziye zenze iingenelelo eziye zanceda ekuthandeni othandekayo ukuba athole uncedo. Abanye baye bafumana iimpendulo ezininzi ezingapheliyo, apho ukungenelela kungenziwanga kakuhle okanye umntu onomlutha wayengekho kwindawo yokuva ingxelo, kwaye kubangele ingxaki enkulu ngakumbi kumntu onomlutha kunye nokunyuka okukhulu kwintsapho yabo.
Ngoko uyazi njani ukuba ukungenelela kuya kunceda umntu onomkhathalelayo? Into ebonakala iyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba amava kunye nekhono longenelelo olukhokelela ukungenelela-mhlawumbi kungenxa yoko kungenelela ukungenelela kwimiboniso yeTV ngeebhajethi ezinkulu, iingcali eziqeqeshelwa phambili, kunye namaqela ochwepheshe ababonelela ngenkxaso yokuxhasa kunye nosapho.
Kodwa ehlabathini lenene, asinakho iikhompyutheni ezikhoyo zokuvavanya iinkcukacha zokungenelela, okanye ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zokuncedisa xa kuyimfuneko, ngoko ke kukho ulwazi oluncinci olusisiseko sokwenza isigqibo sakho.
Kutheni Abantu Bokusebenzisa Amanyathelo Ukuba Angasebenzi?
Amanyathelo okufumana umlutha yibhizinisi elikhulu, ngakumbi eMelika, apho bahlala bebonakaliswa kwiTV. Ngokuphelelwa lithemba, iintsapho zabantu abanezidakamizwa zityhala ubomi babo kwiinkqubo zokungenelela, benethemba lokusindisa othandekayo obonakala engasaboni isizathu. Nangona kunjalo isiseko songenelelo sininzi malunga nokuhlaziywa kweqiniso-ngokoqobo i-TV ayikho kwi-shishini lezoqoqosho, kwimeko yezoqoqosho, kwaye umdlalo wevidiyo ehlelwe ngokucophelela kunye ehlelwe ngokubambisana kunye nokuhlengwa kukhangisa kakhulu abalaleli baseMelika banamhlanje.
Ingxenye yoko kutheni ukungenelela kunqabile, kwaye, ngokunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba kusebenze, kukuba banikela iphupha kwisisombululo esilula kwisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi. Siyazi ukususela kwiminyaka emininzi yophando yokuba abantu ababa ngumlutha ngokusesikweni okanye ukunyusa, kodwa ukusebenzisana okunzima phakathi kwababini.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, umntu onomlingo unzima neengxaki ezingenakuziqonda, imiba yokuba ilungu lentsapho elincinci okanye elincinci elincinci lingenakukwazi ukuyiqonda. Nangona inani labantu liyakwazi ukunqoba ulwaphulo olunzima ngokwabo, kuthatha ukuzimisela okukhulu kunye nokufikelela kwezinye iindlela zokujamelana nokukwenza oku. Kwabaninzi, ukunqoba umlingo kufuna unyango, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha iinzame ezininzi zokuyeka ngokupheleleyo utswala kunye neziyobisi.
Ewe, oku akuthethi ukuba abantu abaze bancedwa ngongenelelo. Inkqubo yokwazi ukuba ukuziphatha kwakho kuyazilimaza, kunye nabo bajikelezile, ibalulekileyo eliya kubuyela ekuphumeni, kunye nesinyathelo sokuqala kumanyathelo okutshintsha ukusuka ekucingeni kwangaphambi kokucinga. Nangona kunjalo, ukujamelana nomntu onomlutha kuyindlela eyingozi kakhulu, kwaye unokukwazi ukubuyela emva kwangoko, okwenza umntu onomlutha azive ahlaselwe, ahlukane kwaye aqondwa kakubi endaweni yokuziva exhaswa. Kule meko, ukungenelela kunokudambisa ngakumbi umlutha, okubangela ukuba umntu afune ukuthuthuzelwa kotywala kunye neziyobisi kunye nokufuna inkampani yalabo "baqondayo" -ukusela nokuthengisa izidakamizwa kunye nabathengisi beziyobisi.
Izinto ezifuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokukhetha i-Interventionist
Ukuba, emva kokuqwalasela ukungabikho kwenkxaso yophando, uvakalelwa ukuba ukungenelela kunokufanelekile kumntu wakho othandekayo, nantsi ingqwalasela yengqondo-ayixhomekeke kwizinto zonyango okanye uphando-ukucinga malunga nokwenza isigqibo sokuqesha umntu ongenelela : I
- Ngaba uyazi umntu oye wancedwa ngu-interventionist? Ukuba kunjalo, ngaba iingxaki zabo zifana nezo zomntu onomdla? Ngaba iimpawu zabo (ezifana nobudala, inkcubeko, kunye nexesha elide bebenalo umlutha)? Isiluleko somntu siqu esivela kumntu ojongene nemicimbi efana neyona ndlela yindlela abantu abazenza ngayo izigqibo malunga nabagqirha.
- Thetha kumngeneleli. Ngaba uhlakulele ulwalamano oluhle? Ngaba zibonakala ziqonda iingxaki ozichazayo? Ingaba ufumana "intlungu yokuzwa" ukusuka kulo mntu?
- Yintoni utyalo-mali? Ungakanani ukuma ukulahlekelwa xa ungasebenzi? Ngaba le mali ingasetyenziselwa kwinkqubo eyahlukileyo ebonisa ukuthembeka ngakumbi?
Khumbula ukuba nangona abantu abaninzi basebenza kwiinkalo zokulahla bayazi ukuba benza ntoni kwaye bafuna ukunyanceda abaxhasi babo, kukho abanye ngaphandle apho bafuna imali yakho, kwaye baya kudla ukuxothwa ngabantu abathandayo abafuna ummangaliso unyango. Akukho mqondiso wokuphilisa, kwaye ukunqoba umlutha kuwumsebenzi onzima, ngokukodwa kwizilonda.
Ezinye iindlela zokungenelela
Indlela efanelekileyo yokuphatha umlutha ixhomekeka kwiimeko ezininzi, kuquka nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, indlela enzima ngayo umlutha, isimo sengqondo somntu onomlutha kunyango nokuyeka okanye ukusika, nokuba ngaba baneengxaki zempilo yengqondo kunye / okanye .
Ugqirha usoloko usemgangathweni wokuxoxa ngale mntu kunye nomlingo, nangona oogqirha abaninzi abanalo uqeqesho oluninzi okanye ubuchule bokulutha, kwaye abanye bakhululekile ukusebenzisana nabantu abanezidakamizwa. I-American Board of Addiction Medicine inikeza uqeqesho olukhethekileyo kunye nesatifikethi kubagqirha, kwaye ngoko ugqirha oqinisekisiweyo we-ABAM ngumntu omkhulu ukunceda abantu abanomlingo bafumane unyango olufanelekileyo, kunye nokubonelela unyango oluninzi ngokwabo.
Ungaphinda ufune ukucinga ngokufumana ezinye iindlela zokwenzela unyango wakho:
- Detox
- Udliwano-ndlebe
- Unyango lo kuhlala
- Amaqela okuzinceda, afana nokubuyiselwa kwe-SMART kunye ne-Sober24
Ukuthetha Nomntu Othandekayo
Ukunxibelelana nomntu obathandayo kubalulekile ekwakheni nasekugcineni ukuthembela okufunekayo ukuze baxhase. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ukuthembela kobudlelwane kungonakaliswa kakubi ngexesha lokulutha, njengokuba umntu onomlingo uya kuziva ukuba kuyimfuneko ukugcina imfihlelo yabo yokumlutha emfihlakelweni kubathandekayo babo, ngokusoloko bekholelwa ukuba oko kukuhle kwabo. Emva koko, xa umthandayo efumana ukuziphatha komlutha okanye ebhekene nemiphumo emibi yokulahla, bavakalelwa kukuba bethekile kwaye bacaphukile.
Ngeke ukwazi ukunyanzelisa okanye ukuxhaphaza umthandwa wakho kunyango, kwaye ngokwenene, ukuzama ukwenza oko kunokwenza ukuba umlutha wabo kunye nolwalamano lwakho lubi nakakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuthetha ngokunyanisekileyo nangokucacileyo kuyona kunceda kakhulu. Ukumisela imida malunga naluphi uhlobo lokuziphatha oluwela umgca kwaye alwamkelekanga, kwaye lucacise ukuba unobomi bakho kunye neemfuno zibaluleke kakhulu kubundlelwane nabantu abanomlutha. Oku akusoloko kulula, nangona uyazi into ongayithethi kumntu onomlutha weziyobisi , kwaye ezi ngcebiso malunga nendlela yokunceda umhlobo onomlwelwe okanye isihlobo unokuba luncedo.
> Imithombo:
> I-Clark CD "Uthando olunzima: Imbali emfutshane yenkcubeko yokungenelela kweziyobisi." Imbali ye-Psychology , 15 (3): 233-246, 2012. Ithenda: 10.1037 / a0025649
> Liepman MR, uNirenberg TD, Qala AM "Ukuvavanya kwenkqubo eyenzelwe ukunceda intsapho kunye nabanye ababalulekileyo ukuba bavuselele izidakwa ezinxilisayo." I-American Journal yeDrug and Alcohol Abuse Abuse, 15: 209-221.
> Miller W, Meyers R, Tonigan J. "Ukubandakanyeka ngokungenasiphelo kwonyango lweengxaki zotywala: Ukuthelekiswa kwezicwangciso ezintathu zokungenelela ngamalungu entsapho." Umbhalo we-Consulting kunye neCliniki Psychology [i-serial online], 67 (5): 688-697. 1999.
> Milller, WR & Rollnick, S. Ukuvuselela ingxoxo : Ukunceda abantu batshintshe. Uluhlu lwesithathu. ENew York: Guilford. 2012.