Ukuqulunqa iComplex and Multiple Confusion
I-bipolar disorder uhlobo lwesifo sengqondo esoyikisayo kwabanye njengoko kudideka. Kubalulekile ukuba udibanise ingxaki kwiimeko eziphambili ukuqonda kakuhle ukuba yintoni, indlela ekufumanisa ngayo, kunye nento ongayenza ukuyiphatha.
Uhlolo-nkcukacha lwe-Bipolar Disorder
Ingxaki ye-bipolar ibonakala ngokungena kwiimvakalelo esibhekisela kuzo ngokuthi "imijikelezo." Ezi ntshukumo ngezinye izihlandlo zingabangela ukugqithisa okugqithiseleyo (okubizwa ngokuba yi-mania).
Yingakho loo nto yayibizwa ngokuba yi-manic-depression.
I-bipolar disorder iyakwazi ukuhluka ngokubanzi kumntu omnye ukuya kwesibini, zombini ngokubhekiselele kohlobo kunye nobukhulu bezenzo zokuziphatha. Ekugqibeleni, enye into ephawulekayo yimiba ye-bipolar kukuba iimpawu zengqondo zichaphazela amandla omntu okusebenza ngosuku ngalunye.
Ngethamsanqa, kukho iiprogram ezingabancedisa abantu ukulawula ingxaki yabo.
Iimpawu ze-Bipolar Disorder
Iinkalo ezibini eziphambili zengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar zi-mania kunye nokudandatheka esizichaza ngokuthi "imizwa." Ixesha le-manic kunye nezoxinzelelo zichazwe ngokufanayo njengesiqendu "sommoya."
Iimvakalelo ezinxulumene nengxaki ye-bipolar zingabalwa ngokubanzi njengoko zilandelayo:
- I-bipolar mania ibonakaliswa ngamaxesha angapheliyo-mimoya ephakamekileyo kunye nezinye iimpawu eziqwalaselwa ngokugqithiseleyo okanye ezigqithiseleyo. Iimpawu ziyakwazi ukuhluka ukusuka kumntu ukuya kumntu kwaye ukugqibela naphi na kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiinyanga ezininzi.
- Ukudakumba kwe-bipolar kunezo zonke iimpawu zokudakumba okwenkcazo kunye nomphambili owodwa: kuqukunjiswe imijikelezo ye-episodic ye-mania kunye nokudandatheka.
- I-Hypomania imoya ephakathi esiyicinga ngayo ngezinye izikhathi ngokuthi "ukukhanya kwe-mania." Ithetha ukuba ibe mfutshane kwaye ilukhuni ngakumbi kunokuba i-mania kodwa inokujikeleza ngezigulane ezinzima zokudandatheka.
Nangona kungekho mania okanye ukudandatheka kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo kwengqondo (ikhefu elivela kwinyani), ingqondo yengqondo, inokuba yinto ebonakalayo yintlungu ye-bipolar. Ukuba ingaba imeko yesikhashana kwenye, ihlala ixesha elide kwabanye, kwaye ingenanto ebantwini.
Iintlobo ze-Bipolar Disorder
Ngendlela efanayo ukuba iimpawu zesifo sengqondo se-bipolar ziyahlukahluka, ngokunjalo, unokuthi umjikelezo kunye nobukhulu benkqutyana yesiqhelo. Ukususela kwimbono ebanzi, sinokuhlula i-bipolar disorder kwizigaba ezine ezihlukeneyo:
- I-Bipolar I disorde r ibandakanyeka iindawo ezinzulu zokuxinwa nokuxinezeleka.
- Ingxaki ye-Bipolar II ineengqungquthela ze-hypomanic ezichanekileyo kunye nexesha lokuxinezeleka okukhulu.
- I-Cyclothymic disorder iquka iincwadana ezimfutshane ze-hypomania ezifakwe kwiincwadana ezimfutshane zokudandatheka.
- Ukuxutywa kwemisipha ye-bipolar disorder ichaza iimpawu zangaphandle ze-mania, i-hypomania, okanye ukudandatheka apho ukuziphatha kungekho rhoqo kuhambelana nomoya wesimo.
Siyakwazi ukubonakalisa i-bipolar disorder ngejubane apho izidumbu zengqondo ziguquka. Enye imeko enjalo ibizwa ngokuba yimpucuko ye-bipolar ephakamileyo apho kukho iziganeko ezine okanye ngaphezulu kweengqungquthela ngonyaka. Ukuba kukho iziganeko ezine okanye ngaphezulu kwenyanga, sibhekisela kuyo njengengxaki yokuphulukisa i-bipolar ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-Bipolar Disorder
Ukuxilongwa kwentsholongwane ye-bipolar kusekelwe kwisiqhelo senkomo (okanye iziqendu) eziphazamisa amandla omntu wokusebenza.
Ukwenza ukuxilongwa, zonke ezinye izizathu kufuneka ziqale zikhutshwe ngaphandle, kubandakanywa ukukhathazeka kwangoku, ukukhulelwa, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi okanye ukusetyenziswa kotywala, ukuphazamiseka kwezixhala, ukuphazamiseka kweentlanzi, ukuphazamiseka kwemizimba kunye nezinye izifo.
Oogqirha banokwenza i-diagnostic ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kweempawu ezichazwe kwi-American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disabilities . Ubukho bokuba ubuncinane ubuncinane emithathu (kunye nangaphezulu) iimpawu ngokubonakalisa ukukhubazeka kwe-bipolar.
Unyango lwe-Bipolar Disorder
Unyango luyahlukahluka ngokusekelwe kumhlobo kunye nobukhulu beengqungquthela zengqondo. Amanyango enyango angabandakanya:
- Ukuqiniswa kwemizi, kuquka i-anticonvulsants kunye ne-benzodiazepines, ekunceda ukulawula ukuphakama kwe-bipolar.
- Iingxaki zokuxhatshazwa ukunyanga izidalwa zokudandatheka kwengqondo (nangona zisetyenziswa kangangoko le mihla).
- I-Antipsychotics kubantu abalahlekelwa ukuthintana kunye nenyaniso ngexesha lomntu okanye isixinzelelo.
Kodwa ekugqibeleni, amayeza kuphela ayinakuyiphatha ingxaki ye-bipolar. I-Psychotherapy iyona nto ephambili inokuquka ukuphathwa kwengqondo yokuziphatha (CBT) , unyango olujoliswe kwiintsapho, kunye neyeza lonyango. Ukutya okunempilo, ukuphumla okuninzi, ukuthintela utywala, ukuzivocavoca rhoqo, kunye nezonxibelelwano eziqinileyo zokunxibelelana kwezentlalo nazo zihambelana neziphumo zempilo ezingcono.
Abantu abaneempembelelo zengqondo eziqhubekayo okanye ezinzima ziyakuncedwa ngonyango lwe-electroconvulsive (ECT) , ngakumbi ukuba kukho ukucinga okuzibulala.
> Umthombo
- > ISiko leSizwe seMpilo yengqondo: amaZiko eNational Health. " Ukuxhuzula ." EBethesda, eMaryn; hlaziywa ngoAprili 2016.