Ifomu Eyona Nzulu Yobunzima Bomntu
Xa sithetha ngentsholongwane ye-bipolar, sivame ukucinga njengento enye kunye yodwa into. Kodwa kukho, eqinisweni, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesifo esingahluka ngohlobo lweemvakalelo zengqondo kunye nobukhulu beempawu.
Ezi ntlukwano zibalulekile njengoko zisinceda ukuba sithole uhlobo olulungileyo lwenyango yoluhlobo oluthile lwesifo. Kwezinye iimeko, inokulawulwa yenkxaso kunye nokwelulekwa yedwa.
Kwabanye, kunokufuna ukuba unyango luncede ukulawula iimpawu zesifo.
I-Bipolar I-disorder iyona hlobo ephezulu kakhulu yesifo esicinezelayo somntu . Inika ingxelo enkulu kwiimfuno zokukhubazeka e-US kwaye okwangoku yimbangela yesithandathu ebangela ukukhubazeka emhlabeni jikelele. Yonke into echazwe, malunga neepesenti ezili-1.1 zoluntu zidibana neendlela zokuxilonga nge-bipolar I disorder xa kuthelekiswa nama-2.4 ekhulwini kuzo zonke ezinye iintlobo.
Ezinye iintlobo ziquka ukukhubazeka kwe-bipolar II (uhlobo olubi lwesifo ), i- cyclothymic disorder , kunye neengxaki ezixubene ne-bipolar disorder.
Izizathu
Nangona iinjongo ezibangelwa yi-bipolar I disorder ihlala ingacacile, i-genetics ithathwa njengendima enkulu. Oku kubonakalisiweyo, ngokukodwa, ngokufundiswa kwamawele apho omnye okanye zombini unesifo sengqondo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Kwimizuzu engama-40 eamawele omama (abo abaneentlobo zejethi ezifanayo), zombini amawele atholakala enobungqingili xa kuthelekiswa namahlanu kuphela amawele eentlanga (ezazinezifo zeefenethi).
Ezinye izinto ezichaphazelayo ziquka ukungaqhelekanga kwintlanganiso yesiphaluka somntu, ukungafanelanga kwimveliso ye- dopamine , kunye nemimandla engqongileyo efana noxinzelelo lwabantwana okanye ukusetyenziswa kakubi.
Ukuxilongwa
Ingxaki ye-bipolar ayikwazi ukufunyaniswa njengezifo zengqondo apho ukuhlolwa kwegazi, i-X-ray, okanye ukuhlolwa komzimba kunokubonelela ngokucacileyo.
Kunoko, ukuxilongwa kusekelwe kwimiqathango yemigaqo efunekayo ukuba umntu ahlangane ukuze acinge ukuba yi-bipolar.
I-Bipolar I-disorder ibonakaliswe ngokubakho ubuncinane kweso siqhelo somntu , ngokuqhelekileyo kwintlangano kunye nezinye iipasiti ezidandathekileyo . Esinye isiqhelo se-mania ngaphandle kokudandatheka singanele ngokwenza ukuxilongwa ngokukhawuleza ukuba akukho zizathu ezibangela iimpawu (ezifana nokusetyenziswa kakubi ngokweziyobisi, iingxaki ze-neurological, okanye ezinye izifo zengqondo ezifana nesifo sengxaki yokuxinwa kwengxaki ).
Ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kuya kubandakanya iimvavanyo ezithile ukukhuphela zonke izizathu. Oku kunokubandakanya isikrini seziyobisi, iimvavanyo zokucinga (i-CT scan, i-ultrasound), i-electroencephalogram (i-EEG), kunye nebhetri epheleleyo yokuhlolwa kwegazi.
Iingxaki ze-Bipolar I Diagnosis
Ngexesha elithile, ukuhlaziywa kweempawu ze-bipolar kukhulu kakhulu. Ngaloo ndlela, amaxesha amaninzi ayaphoswa. Uphononongo olulodwa, olwenziwe kwiRoyal College ye-Psychiatry Annual Meeting ngo-2009, luchaza ukuba ngaphezu kweepesenti ezingama-25 zabantu abaneengxaki ze-bipolar bafumanekile kwaye baphathwe xa befuna uncedo kwizengcali zempilo yengqondo.
Kwiphepha le-flip, ukuxilongwa ngokugqithiseleyo ngengxaki ye-bipolar ikwaxhalabisa, ingakumbi ukuba iimvavanyo ezingabandakanyiyo.
Ukuhlaziywa kwee-klinikhi ze-2013 kuboniswe ukuba ukukhubazeka kwe-bipolar kwakucatshulwa ngokungafanelekanga kwi:
- Iipesenti ezingama-42.9 zokuncedisa iziyobisi
- Iipesenti ezingama-40 zezigulane ezineengxaki zomntu
- Iipesenti ezingama-37 zeimeko apho ugqirha ongenalwazi kwi-bipolar disorder wenza ikhwelo
Ngaphandle kokuxilongwa ngaphandle kwe-exclusionary, ukuxhatshazwa kwezinto ezingahambi kakuhle kunye nokusetyenziswa kakubi. Uphononongo olhululwe ngo-2010 lubonise ukuba, abantu abangama-528 abafumana ukukhubazeka koLuntu kwi-Bipolar disorder, kuphela i-47.6 pesenti idibene neendlela zokuxilonga.
Unyango
Unyango lwe-bipolar I-disorder iphakamileyo kakhulu kwaye isekelwe kwiindidi kunye nobuqili beempawu umntu anokufumana.
Ukuzinza kwemizimba ngokuqhelekileyo kuyingxenye yenkqubo yonyango kwaye ingaquka:
- i-lithium, eyona nto yonyango lokuguqulwa kwe-bipolar
- ii-anticonvulsives ezisetyenziselwa ukuzinzisa ukuguquka kwemizwelo
- ii-antipsychotics ezisetyenziselwa ukulawula iimpawu zeengqondo ezifana nokukhohliswa , ukuhlaziywa , kunye nempawu ezinamandla
- izidakamizwa (ezincinci eziqhelekileyo njengoko zinokubangela isiqhelo somntu)
Kwiimeko ezininzi, i- electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) ingasetyenziselwa ukudala ukutshatyalaliswa kwamancinci okungakunceda ukukhulula i-mania okanye ukuxinezeleka okukhulu.
> Imithombo:
> Culpepper, L. "Ukuxilongwa kunye nokunyangwa kwe-Bipolar Disorder: Ukwenziwa kweNqumo kwiNkcazo yeNtloko." I-Companion Primary Care Companion CNS Disorders. 2014; 16 (3): i-PCC.13r01609.
> I-Datto, C. "I-Bipolar II ifaniswe ne-bipolar I-disorder: iimpawu ezisisiseko kunye nokunyangwa kwonyango kwi-eclipse ekuhlalutyweni okuhlanganisiweyo kwezilingo ezinhlanu ezilawulwa yi-placebo ezinokulawulwa kweengxaki zengqondo." Iingxelo zeGeneral Psychiatry . 2016; 15: 1-12.
> Ghouse, A .; IiSanches, M .; I-Zunta-Soares, G. "Ukugqithisa kwe-Bipolar Disorder: Uhlalutyo oluPhambili lweeNcwadi." IScientific World Journal. 2013; 2013: 297087.