Umsi wesibindi, owaziwa ngokuba ngumsi womsi wocuba, okanye u-ETS, udibanisa nomsi wokubhema umsi ( umsi oqhelekileyo ) kunye nomsi ovela ekupheleni komsi wecuba (umsi womsi). Ingumxube ongcono weekhemikhali ezili-7 000, ezingama-250 zazo eziye zachongwa njengezonyhevu, kwaye zingaphezulu kwama-70 ezinobuthi be-carcinogenic.
Ngokombiko ka-2006 weGqirha Jikelele, iMiphumo yezeMpilo yokuBoniswa koMoya wokuThengwa koTywala , akukho mgangatho okhuselekileyo wokutshatyalaliswa komsi weshushu.
Abantwana bajamelana nomngcipheko omkhulu kunabantu abadala beempembelelo zomsi womsi. Xa umoya ucocekile ngomsi wecuba, intsha, ikhupha imiphunga ifumana inxinxu ephezulu ye-toxin kuneemiphunga emdala ngenxa yokuba izinga lokuphefumula komntwana likhawuleza kunelo badala.
Abantu abadala baphefumlela ngaphakathi nangaphandle malunga nama-14 ukuya kwe-18 ngamaxesha ngomzuzu, kwaye iintsana zingaphumelela ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngamaxesha angama-60 ngomzuzu. Kude umntwana eneminyaka engama-5 ubudala, izinga lokuphefumula likhawuleza.
Abantwana abancinci abanalo ulawulo oluncinane kwiindawo ezikuzo. Iintsana azikwazi ukunyuka kwelinye igumbi kuba umoya utshaya. Baxhomekeka kubadala ebomini babo ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo yabo ikhuselekile.
Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zafumanisa iingozi ezininzi ezibandakanya umsi wesibini kubantwana abancinci kwaye uphando luyaqhubeka.
Okwangoku, kukho ubuninzi beengxelo ezixhalabisayo malunga nendlela le moya engcolileyo inonakalisa ngayo impilo yezingane zethu.
Indlela i-Secondhand Intuthu echaphazela ngayo iintsana ekugqibeleni
- Iintsana ezinomama otshaya ngexesha lokukhulelwa ziba nzima kakhulu xa zizalwa ngaphezu kwalabo abazelwe ngumama abangabhemi. Isisindo sokuzalwa esincinci sisibangela sokufa kwabantwana.
- Iintsana ezinomama otshaya ngexesha lokukhulelwa ziba mngcipheko kwimicimbi yophuhliso, ezifana nokukhubazeka kokufunda kunye nokukhubazeka kwe-cerebral.
Ukufunda okungakumbi: 10 Izingozi zokutshaya ngexesha lokukhulelwa
Indlela i-Secondhand Moshi ingabangela ngayo iMpilo yabantwana
- Iintsana ezichazwe ngumsi wesibindi emva kokuzalwa ziye zatshatyalaliswa kabini ingozi ye-SIDS (i-infant disease death syndrome) njengabantwana abangabonakaliyo. Iintsana ezinomama otshaya ngaphambi nangemva kokubeletha zithatha izihlandlo ezintathu ukuya kwezine emngciphekweni we-SIDS.
- Phakathi kwabantwana abaneminyaka engaphantsi kweenyanga ezili-18 e-United States, umsi wesibambiso unxulumene nama-150,000 ukuya kuma-300,000 amacala angaphantsi kweentsholongwane zokuphefumula, njenge-bronchitis okanye i-pneumonia ngonyaka.
- I-EPA ilinganisela ukuba phakathi kwama-200,000 no-1 000,000 abantwana abane-asthma, imeko yabo ibuhlungu ngokutsha komsi. Ukutshaya ukutshaya kungabangela uxanduva lwamashumi amawaka amatsha e-asthma ngonyaka.
- Abantwana kwimipu yokutshaya bafumana izifo eziphakathi kwamatye aphakathi. Umsi womsila wokugumbisa utshaya i-eustachian tube, kwaye ukukhukhumeza okulandelayo kukukhokelela kwizifo, ezizona zizathu eziqhelekileyo zokulahlekelwa kwindlebe kubantwana.
- Imiphunga yabantwana abavame ukuphefumula ngomsi wesibindi bayakhula ngokukhawuleza.
- Uphando lufumene ubungqina obubonisa ukuba umsi wesibambiso unokunxulumana ne-leukemia yobuntwaneni, i-lymphoma kunye neengxaki zeengqondo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuya kutsho, ubungqina abunelisekanga ukudibanisa le khansana yobuntwana kunye nomsi wesibambiso ngokuqinisekileyo.
Iimpawu zangoku malunga neNtetho yabantwana kwiSumke yomnye
- Ngokomyinge, abantwana banokutshatyalaliswa kakhudlwana kumsi wesibini ongaphezu kwabantu abadala abangabhemi.
- Amazinga eCotinine kubantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-3 no-11 ubudala baninzi ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabini abantu abadala abangabhemi.
- Abantwana abahlala kwimimandla engabonakaliyo ehlala kwiindawo ezininzi zokuhlala (iintsapho, ii-condos) zinama-45% angaphezulu kwama-cotinine amanqanaba kunabantwana abahlala kwimimandla engabodwa yintsapho.
- I-90% ebangela ukuba abantwana abatshatyalaliswayo bathabathe umsi ovela kubantwana babo.
- Abangaphezu kwesiqingatha sabantwana baseMerika baphefumula ngomsi wesibambiso kwimoto, emakhaya nakwiindawo zoluntu apho kuvunyelwa ukutshaya.
Ubungozi bobushushu obusithathu
Ngenxa yokwazisa okwandayo, ngamanye amaxesha ingozi entsha ivela. Umsi wesithathu ngumsi umzekelo. Umsi womsila wocuba uhlala phezu kwendawo kwaye uhlale ubeka, kunye ne-asele evela kumagesi e-smoke cigarette.
Lo mngcipheko awunempilo kunoma ubani kodwa unenkxalabo ekhethekileyo yabantwana abancinci abakhweba ngezandla namadolo baze badlale ngamathoyizi ngeminwe kunokuba bangene emilonyeni yabo.
Indlela esinokunciphisa ngayo ingozi
Musa ukutshaya ngaphakathi kwendlu yakho kwaye ungavumeli nabani na, mhlawumbi. Ukuvula iifestile okanye ukusebenzisa izihlungi zomoya akukwanele ukukhusela abantu besuka kumsi wecala kwindawo efihliweyo.
Musa ukutshaya kwimoto yakho. Nangona abantwana bakho bekunabo, khumbula ukuba iibhox zihlala kwiindawo kwaye ziza kubonakala kuzo.
Gwema naziphi na izithuba zangaphakathi (iivenkile, imicimbi yezemidlalo, izindlu zomhlobo apho ukutshaya kwenzeka khona, njl) apho abantwana bakho baya kubonwa ngumsi wesibini.
Nika umgama kubashushu kwiindawo zangaphandle. Ewe, umoya wangaphandle uhlutha umsi wecuba, kodwa ukuba umoya uvuthela ngakukho, wena kunye nabantwana bakho basenokuphefumula emipomini egcwele umoya onobuthi.
Isishwankathelo
Ngama-70 angama-carcinogenic kunye nama-250 anetyhefu ayizixhobo zamakhemikhali, kuyacaca ukuba umoya ophethe umsi wesibambiso unobungozi kwaye ungakhuselekanga nabani na, ngakumbi abantwana bethu. Kuyinto kuthi ukubonelela umoya ophefumlelweyo wokuphefumla.
Ukuba utshaya, nceda uqinisekise ukuba wenza konke onokukwazi ukukhusela abanye kumsiya wesibini owenzayo.
Kungcono, kodwa sebenzisa izibonelelo ezingezantsi ukukunceda ukuba uqalise ngokuyeka ukutshaya.
- Unyuke ibhokisi yeBeki yokuTsha
- Emva kweCigarette yokugqibela
- Inkqubo yokuNqanda iNkxaso yoSuku
Akukaze kube mva ukuyeka ukutshaya, kwaye umsebenzi owenzayo ukufezekisa umncinci xa uthelekiswa neenzuzo oza kuzinandipha xa usenza.
Imithombo:
UMnyango wezeMpilo kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu. IiNgxelo eziPhezulu zoPhando. Iziphumo zezeMpilo zoKubonakaliswa okuHlanganisiweyo kuMoya weTuba. Iimiphumo zeMpilo zoMswakama obesebenzisa abantwana. http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/reports/secondhandsmoke/fullreport.pdf
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. Ingxelo kaGqirha-Jikelele ka-2010: Indlela uFuba umsikela ngayo izifo. http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/2010/consumer_booklet/pdfs/consumer.pdf .
I-United States I-Arhente Yokukhuselwa Kwemvelo Iimiphumo zeMpilo zoMboniso kwiSumke yomnye. http://www.epa.gov/smokefree/healtheffects.html.
American Cancer Society. Umsizi wesibini. http://www.cancer.org/Cancer/CancerCauses/TobaccoCancer/secondhand-smoke.
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. I-Secondhand Insimo yefomethi. http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/secondhand_smoke/general_facts/. Ufikeleleke ngoMeyi 2016.