I-Alveoli (iyodwa kunye ne-alveolus) yincinci, iindawo ezincinci zomoya ngaphakathi kumaphaphu. Zibukeka njengeentloko ezincinci zamagilebhisi eziphelweni zamasebe ezinqabileyo emiphakeni.
Zingaphi iAlveoli eziMingeni?
Abaphandi abajonga iisethi ezintandathu zemiphunga yabantu abadala bafumana ukuba inani le-alveoli liqulethwe kwizigidi ezingama-480, ukusuka kwi-274 yezigidi ukuya ekupheleni ukuya kuma-790 yezigidi ekupheleni.
Inani le-alveoli lihambelana nobungakanani beemiphunga ezifundwe.
Ubungakanani be-alveolus enye inamanani angama-200 microns, kungakhathaliseki ubungakanani bomphunga. Njengengongoma yokubhekisela, enye micron isigidi seemitha. Ubungakanani bentloko yomntu malunga ne-microns engama-70, ngoko enye i-alveolus yayiza kufanana nokulingana kweebhere zintathu ezihlanganiswe. Tiny!
I-Alveoli iqukethe i-collagen kunye ne-elastin. I-Collagen inikezela ukuqina kwisakhiwo se-sac kunye ne-elastin, bounce. Xa umoya uphoxiswa kwimiphunga, i-elastin ivumela i-alveoli ukuba yandise, kwaye xa iphefumula, ibuyele emva kobukhulu bayo bokuqala.
Ingqikithi yomhlaba wonke we-alveoli kwisigidi esipheleleyo semiphaphu i-70 square metres, okanye i-800 square feet (malunga nobunzima behafu yenkundla yentenethi).
Umsebenzi weAlveoli
Ukuphakama kwama-70 ekhulwini kwendawo engaphandle yomphunga alveoli ihlanganiswe ngamancinci amancinci.
Lawa ma-capillaries kunye neendonga ze-alveoli yabelana nomlenze omncinci kakhulu ovumela i-oksijini kwi-air inhaled ukuba idlule kwiindonga ze-alveoli kwaye ungene kwigazi nge-capillaries. Ngelo xesha, i-carbon dioxide ikhutshwa ngaphandle ngendlela efanayo xa umoya uphumelele.
Ingqikithi yenani laphezulu elikhoyo le gesi / utshintsho lwegazi luchaza indlela umntu angakwazi ngayo ukuphefumula kakuhle.
Kumntu omdala osempilweni, kukho ubuninzi beendawo ezikhoyo kule nkqubo.
Ukubhema
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, iibhoksi ezivela kumsila wokubhema ugwayi ziphula iindonga ezincinci ze-alveoli, zishiya iibhakethi zomoya ezincinci. Iingxowa nazo ziqala ukulahlekelwa yi-bounce, okwenza kube nzima ukuzisa i-oksijini kwaye ikhuphe i-carbon dioxide. Bobabini banokuthi bangene emiphakeni. Ngokutshaya, le nkqubo ibonisa ukuqala kwe-emphysema, ifom yeCOPD.
Umonakalo ovela kwi-emphysema awukwazi ukuguqulwa. Emva kokuba iipoksi zomoya ziphukile, azilungisi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukutshatyalaliswa komsi wecuba kuyeka ngokukhawuleza, umonakalo unokunqanyulwa. Ukuba ukutshaya kuyaqhubeka, kuya kuza umba apho umonakalo wamaphaphu uya kuqhubeka nangona ingaba umntu uyayeka ukutshaya okanye akakho.
Izizathu ezilungileyo zokuyeka ukutshaya ngoku
Isifundo apha ukuyeka ukutshaya ngokukhawuleza njengoko unakho. Yonke into yokutshaya utshaya umonakalo umzimba wakho ngeendlela ezininzi. Umsi wocuba ugcwele iikhemikhali ezibangela umdlavuza kwaye zinetyhefu. Amanye ayenayo i-radioactive, kwaye kukho ubungqina bokuba bashiya i-radioactive engapheliyo kwiimiphunga ezibhemayo. Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba oku kubangele umngcipheko womhlaza wamaphaphu.
Emva kokungeniswa, i-toxins ye-cigaretti ifakisha ukuhamba ngegazi lakho ngokusebenzisa i-alveoli apho ikwazi ukufikelela kuyo yonke inqumrhu emzimbeni wakho. Akumangalisi ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwebheba kudibene nezifo ezininzi .
Akukho nto yokucebisa ukutshaya. Siyicinga ukuba siyayivuyela , kodwa iyingozi , elula kwaye elula.
Imithombo:
AmaZiko eZiko lezeMpilo. Inani le-alveoli kwiLung yoluntu. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14512270. Septemba 25, 2003.
AmaZiko eZiko lezeMpilo. I-Heart Heart, i-Lung ne-Blood Institute. Inkqubo Yokuphefumula. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hlw/system. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJulayi 17, 2012.