Utshintsho olusigxina lomzimba lungabangela iingxaki kwi-Adulthood
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ngokugqithiseleyo ukuba ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwabantwana kunye nokungahoywa kwemiphumo kwiziphumo zogxininiso kuphuhliso lomntu. Ezi zinguqu kwisakhiwo sobuchopho zibonakala zibalulekile ngokwaneleyo ukuba zingabangela iingxaki zengqondo nezengqondo xa zikhulile, ezinjengengxaki yengqondo kunye / okanye ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi.
MRI
UDkt. Martin Teicher kunye noogxa base-McLean Hospital, iHarvard Medical School kunye ne-Northeastern University, basebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-imagination magnetic resonance (MRI) ukuba bachonge utshintsho oluthile kwisimo sobuchopho phakathi kwabaselula abaswele ukuxhashazwa kwabantwana okanye ukunganakwa.
Kwakukho umahluko ocacileyo kwimiba engama-9 ebuchopho phakathi kwalabo babenomngcipheko wabantwana kunye nabangenalo.
Inguqu ezibonakalayo zibonakala kwingingqi yengqondo ekuncedeni ukulinganisela iimvakalelo kunye nempembelelo, kunye nokucinga okuzimeleyo. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba abantu ababenokusetyenziswa kakubi kwabantwana okanye ukunyanzeliswa banomngcipheko ophezulu wokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi xa behla kuloo ndlela ngenxa yokuba banenkinga enzima yokulawula izibongozo zabo nokwenza izigqibo ezinengqiqo ngenxa yokutshintsha kwangempela kwimeko yengqondo.
Uphononongo luye lwaya phambili kwaye lwafumanisa ukuba kwabathathi-nxaxheba abaye bafumana iintlobo ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu kwezobisi (ngokwesondo, ngokomzimba, ngomlomo, ukunganyaniseki), ama-53% ahlupheke ngenxa yokudakumba okukhulu ngexesha elithile ebomini babo kwaye 40% ingxaki yokuphazamiseka kwengxaki (PTSD).
Ulwakhiwo lweBrain
Kukho iziphumo ezininzi ezibi zokuxhaphazwa kwabantwana kunye nokungahoywa kwindlela ubuchopho bukhula ngayo.
Ezinye zeziphumo ziphumo:
- Ukunciphisa ngobukhulu be- hippocampus , ebalulekileyo ekufundeni nasekumemori
- Ukunciphisa ngobukhulu be-calpus callosum, eyenziwa ngemisebenzi, imvakalelo kunye nokuvusa, kunye nokuthetha phakathi kweengqondo ze-hemispheres
- Ukunciphisa ubukhulu be- cerebellum , enokuchaphazela izakhono zamandla kunye nokulungelelanisa
- Ukunciphisa umthamo we-correx ye-prefrontal, echaphazela ukuziphatha, ukulinganisa iimvakalelo kunye nokuqonda
- Umsebenzi omningi kwi-amygdala, enoxanduva lokulungisa iimvakalelo kunye nokuchonga iimpendulo kwiimeko ezinokubandezeleka okanye eziyingozi
- Amanqanaba eCortisol aphakamileyo kakhulu okanye aphantsi kakhulu, anemiphumo emibi
Ukuziphatha, iimvakalelo, kunye neMisebenzi yeNtlalo
Ngenxa yokuxhaphazwa kwabantwana, ukunganyaniseki nokuguquka kwenguqu yobuchopho kunye nomsebenzi weekhemikhali, ukungabikho kakubi kungachaphazela nendlela abantwana abaziphatha ngayo, balawula imvakalelo kunye nokusebenza kwintlalo. Ezi ziphumo ziquka:
- Uvakalelwa ukwesaba okanye ixesha lonke
- Ukuba uhlala uqaphele kwaye ungakwazi ukuphumla, kungakhathaliseki ukuba imeko
- Ukuthambekela ekuphuhliseni ukudandatheka okanye ingxaki yokuxhalabisa
- Ukusilela kokufunda
- Ukungaphumeleli izinto eziphambili kwixesha elifanelekileyo
- Ubuchule obuthakathaka bokusingatha impendulo emihle
- Ukufumana iimeko zentlalo kunzima
Ezinye izinto ezibangelwa kakubi
Ukuxhaphazwa kwabantwana okanye ukungahoywa komntu kumchaphazela umntu omdala kuxhomekeke kwindlela ekusetyenziswa ngayo kakubi; ingaba ubudala beliphi ixesha lokusetyenziswa gadalala; ngubani umxhaphazi; ingaba umntwana wayenomntu onokuthenjwa, onothando nangomntu wakhe; ixesha elide lokusetyenziswa gadalala ludlulileyo; ukuba kukho nayiphi na ingenelelo lokusetyenziswa kakubi; uhlobo kunye nobunzima bokusetyenziswa gadalala; kunye nezinye izinto.
Imithombo:
Hlola, MH; Anderson, CM; Ohashi, K. et al. Ukungabikho kakubi kwabantwana: utshintshile uxhulumano lwenkcazo ye-cingulate, precuneus, ipoloral temporal kunye ne-insula. " Psychiatry . 76 (4): 297-305, 2014.
Szalavitz, Maia, "Indlela Ubundlobongela Bomntwana Okubaluleka Ngayo Ubomi Ngezifo Zengqondo Ezizayo." Ixesha (2012).
"Ukuqonda iMiphumo yokuThatshazwa koPhuhliso lweBongo." I-Gateway Information Information Gateway, iSebe laseMelika lezeNkonzo zeNtlalo (2015).