Ubukho beNsazela bubalulekile kwiSifo
"I-Sociopath" ligama labantu basebenzisa, ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuchaza umntu obonakala engenayo isazela. Kwiimeko ezininzi, yinkcazo ephoswe ngokukhawuleza ukuba ibhale umntu njengomntu onenzondo okanye onyanisekileyo. Kuyafana negama elithi "psychopath" elibhekiselele kwiinkqubo zentlalo ebonisa ukuba yingozi kakhulu.
Zombini azikho nje iinkcazo ezingachanekanga kodwa ezixakekayo.
Ukususela kwimbono yekliniki, abantu abahlala kwintlalo okanye i-psychopathic ngabo ba bonisa iimpawu ze- Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) ezifaniswa ukungahoywa kwamalungelo kunye / okanye iimvakalelo zabanye.
Ukuqonda ukukhathazeka koMntu woLuntu
Nangona i-psychopath ihlelwa njengabantu abangenaso sazela, i-sociopaths inokulinganisela, nangona ibuthathaka, ukwazi ukuva novelwano nokuzisola. Ngelixa i-psychopath iyakwenza kwaye ilandele iindibano zentlalo xa ihambelana neemfuno zabo, i-sociopaths iyakwazi ukunyuka kwi-handle kwaye ibenze ngokukhawuleza xa ibhekene nemiphumo yezenzo zabo.
Izizathu zezi mpawu zineengcambu ezahlukeneyo. Kukho isiphakamiso esithile phakathi kweengcaphephe zokuthi ukuphatha kwengqondo kuhlobene, ubuncinane inxalenye, kwisifo somzimba. Ulwaphulo-mthetho, ngakolunye uhlangothi, lunokwenzeka ukuba lube ngumphumo wobuchule obubi kakhulu.
Nangona kuqhelekile ukucinga ngeentlalo kunye neengqondo zengqondo njengento eyingozi, yinto eyakhiwa yidrama yeTV eyona nto ibonakalisa ingxaki.
Xa kuthethwa oko, abantu abane-APD baya kubakho ubude obungaphethekiyo ukuphatha abanye, nokuba kukuthakazelisa, ukutshabalalisa okanye ukuthusa umntu ukuze bafumane oko bafuna.
Ukuchonga i-Sociopath
I-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disabilities Disabilities (DSM) ichaza intlalo ngeentlobo zobuntu kunye neempawu zokuziphatha ezichaza indlela umntu asebenza ngayo, indlela ayenxulumana ngayo nabanye, nendlela ezo nkolelo zibonisa ngayo ngokwenza.
Impawu yokuzimela yilezo ezibonisa ukuba umntu ufana njani nokuthi umntu lowo ubona njani izenzo zakhe okanye iinjongo zakhe. Ukuze kuhlolwe ukuba yi-sociopathic, umntu kufuneka abonise zonke ezi zilandelayo:
- Ukuzimela okanye ukuzimela
- Ukufumana ukuzithemba kumandla, inzuzo, okanye ukuzonwabisa
- Iinjongo zokubeka ngokusekelwe kukuzincoma ngokuzenzekelayo ngokungahambisani nomthetho okanye ukuziphatha
Iimpawu zengqungquthela yilabo bachaza indlela umntu asebenzisana ngayo nabanye ngokubanzi. Umntu kufuneka aphinde abonise ezi mpawu ukuba afumane i-sociopathic:
- Ukungabi novelwano xa bejamelene nentlungu okanye umsindo wabantu abawasebenzisa
- Ukungakwazi ukuba nobuhlobo obusondeleyo ngokomzwelo ngenxa yesimo sokulawula (ngokulawula okanye ukwesatshiswa), ukunyanzelisa okanye ukukhohlisa
Iziganeko zokuziphatha zizalisekisa ukuxilongwa kweklinikhi ngokuchaza indlela eya kuthi umntu ayithathe kuyo, ukunyanzelisa okanye ukukhohlisa:
- Ukunyanzelisa abanye abantu, njengokuzenza ngathi unomdla kumntu nje ukufezekisa injongo
- Ukulala njengendlela yokufumana inxaxheba yoluntu okanye inzuzo, njengokuzivakalisa iqhawe lemfazwe elihlotshisiwe xa ungazange usebenze
- Ukuphendula ngokunyaniseka, ukugwenxa, ukungazenzisi, okanye ukudidana xa ubhekene nokuwa kwezenzo zakho
Akuqhelekanga ukuba i-sociopath ibe nokulwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo okanye ukuhlaselwa. Kukho ukutyeba okunzulu ukungahoyiki izibophelelo, izithembiso kunye nezivumelwano, kubandakanywa nemali. Izigqibo zenziwa ngokukhawuleza kweso sihlandlo ngokungakhange kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba ngaba umgomo wokukhawuleza ufikeleleke.
Ngaphezu koko, i-sociopaths ikufumanisa nzima ukwenza izicwangciso kwaye ukhetha ukukholelwa ukuba bayakwazi ukuhamba ngeengxaki njengoko zibonakala. Bahlala bechukumisa ingozi, banobuhlungu ngokulula, abanokwazi ukungayihoyi imida yabo kwaye baqikelele nangona zizenzo ezimbi kakhulu.
Ulwahlulo oluphambili phakathi kwe-Sociopath kunye ne-Psychopath
Nangona imigaqo ingasetyenziselwa ngokungafaniyo, intlalontle kunye neengqondo zineendlela ezicacileyo zokuhlukana ezinokuchazwa ngokubanzi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Ii-Sociopaths, xa zijongene nazo, zicacise ukuba zinokunyamekela malunga nendlela abanye abavakalelwa ngayo. I-Psychopaths, ngokuchaseneyo, ngabadlali abanamakhono abaza kuqhubeka nangona bajamelene nabo, bekholelwa ngokwabo kunobulumko kunabanye.
- I-Sociopath iyakucingelwa njengomlilo ophethwe ngumongo. I-Psychopath zichazwe ngokuqhelekileyo njengentliziyo ebanda.
- I-Sociopath iqonda abanye abantu uxinzelelo njengoko bezama ukulinganisa izenzo zabo. I-Psychopath ayiyi.
Ulwaphulo-mthetho, nangona kunokwenzeka, alukho uhlobo oluthile lwezopolitiko okanye ukukhathazeka kwengqondo.
> Umthombo:
> I-American Psychiatric Association. "I-DSM-IV kunye ne-DSM-5 Imigaqo yokuPhathwa kweziNtu." Arlington, eVirginia; papashwe ngoNovemba 28, 2012.