Ngaba ucinga malunga nokuzama uCantix ukuyeka ukutshaya? I-Chantix (i-varenicline tartrate) yiyeza engekho ye-nicotine yonyango elaphuhliswa ngu-Pfizer, Inc. ngokukodwa ukubanceda abantu bayeke ukutshaya.
Isebenza njani ngeChanx
I-Chantix isebenza kumanqanaba amabini. Okokuqala, isebenza ngokusesikweni kwiindawo ezisengqondweni ezaziwa ngokuba yi- nicotinic acetylcholine receptors ezichaphazelekayo yi-nicotine. Oku kunika abantu abatsha abatshitshisiweyo ababenokutshatyalaliswa kwe-nicotine kunye nemiphumo yokunciphisa i -nicotine . Okwesibini, i-Chantix inekhono ekhethekileyo lokumisa i-nicotine ekuhlanganiseni kwabo bafumana i-nicotine receptors ukuba uyabhema xa usebenzisa.
Indlela iNicotine Echaphazela ngayo i-Chemistry yeBongo
I-Nicotine ikunika "ukukhaba" ngokukhawuleza kwintliziyo ebangela ukutshintsha ngokukhawuleza i-brain chemistry, kwaye iqala ngaphakathi kwemizuzwana eyisixhenxe yokukhwaza okokuqala ngogwayi.
Xa i-nicotine ingena ebuchosheni, i-neicotinic acetylcholine receptors. I-molecule ye-nicotine ifana nesimo esifanayo ne-neurotransmitter ebizwa ngokuthi i-acetylcholine, echaphazela imisebenzi emzimbeni eminingi, kuquka ukuphefumla, intliziyo yenqanaba, ukufunda kunye nememori. I-Acetylcholine iphinda ichaphazele ezinye iingu-neurotransmitter ezichaphazela ukutya, imizwa kunye nememori.
Kwingqondo, i-nicotine ibophelela kwiisayithi ze-receptor zesistim kwiindawo apho i-acetylcholine iya kuba, ukudala imiphumo efanayo. Xa sele iqhotyoshelwe, ukukhululwa kwe- dopamine kubangelwa.
I-Dopamine i-neurotransmitter ecinga ukuba yinoxanduva lokuqinisela inxulumano yolonwabo / nomvuzo abantu abanokutshaya.
Le nkqubo yikhemikhali ecingelwa ukuba iyenaxanduva lokulutha. Ezinye iziyobisi ezinjenge-cocaine, i-amphetamines, kunye ne-opioids nazo zidala ukukhululwa kwe-dopamine.
Imiphumo emibi ye-nicotine igqityiwe ngemizuzu, ngoko ke abantu baqhubeka bezithobela rhoqo kwimini ukugcina iimiphumo ezijabulisayo ze-nicotine kunye nokukhusela iimpawu zokurhoxisa.
I-Chantix ithinta njani abaMkeli baNicotinic
Xa i-Chantix ingeniswa kwingqondo, ijolise uhlobo oluthile lwe-nicotinic receptor ebizwa ngokuthi i- alpha4beta2 i-receptors ye-nicotin . I-docks nee-receptors, ezibangela ukukhululwa kwe-dopamine ngendlela efanayo ne-nicotine iya kuba, nangona kungenjalo. Kubangaphambili ababhemayo, umphumo ulingana nomthamo ophantsi ukuya kwiqondo le-nicotine elide lide lide litshintshe izidakamizwa, eziyiyure ezimbalwa.
Ngale ndlela, i-Chantix inceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu zokukrazula kwe-nicotine abantu abava ngayo xa beyeka ukutshaya.
Ibhonasi eyongeziweyo apha yukuthi ngelixa i-Chantix idibene kulezi ziza zamukeli, i-nicotine ayikwazi ukwenza okufanayo. Ngoko ke, ukuba ugqiba ukutshaya i-cigarette ngelixa unesiCantix kwisistim sakho, i-cigarette ayiyi kunika into eqhelekileyo "ivakale" i-dopamine boost. Ukutshaya kuya kuba yinto ephahlazekayo / ekhuni kunye nokuyeka ukucinga ukuba kulula ukuyifumana.
Uphando malunga nokusebenza kweCantix
Izilingo zamathambo ezi-6 ezibandakanya abantu abangama-3659 ababhemayo ababhemayo bezisetyenziselwa ukuphumelela kweCantix njengonyango lokuyeka ukutshaya, ngokutsho kwe-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Izilingo zabonisa ukuba i-Chantix yayisebenza ngakumbi kune-placebo ukunceda abantu bayeke ukutshaya. Kwizilingo ezimbini kwezilingo, abantu basebenzisa i-Chantix unyango (iipesenti ezingama-22) baphumelele kakhulu xa beyeka ukutshaya kunezo zisebenzisa i- Zyban (bupropion hydrochloride) (iipesenti ezili-16) njengokuyeka ukutshaya. Kwalabo bathatha indawo ye-placebo, ukuyeka ukuzimela emanzini omnye kunyaka kwaku-8 ekhulwini.
Kuphando olutshanje, abaphandi bajonga abantu abayi-1086 abayeka ukutshaya usebenzisa enye yezi ndlela zintathu zilandelayo: i- Chantix , iqhosha le- nicotin , okanye i-punti kunye ne- nicotine lozenges esebenziseneyo.
Iziphumo zibonise ukuba iindlela ezintathu zokuyeka zifana nezindleko zokuphumelela kwiinyanga ezintandathu kunye nomnyaka omnye. Kwiinyanga ezintandathu, i-23 ekhulwini yabathathi abasebenzisa i-patch ayengashiyekanga, xa kuthelekiswa nama-24 ekhulwini abo basebenzisa i-Chantix, kunye nama-27 ekhulwini abantu abasebenzisa ukudibanisa i-patch kunye ne-lozenges. Ngonyaka owodwa, izinga lokuphumelela lalingama-21 ekhulwini kwi-patch, i-19 ekhulwini ye-Chantix, kunye nama-20 ekhulwini kwindlela yokudibanisa.
Olunye uphando luye lwabonisa ukuba ukuhlanganiswa kweCantix kunye ne- nicotine patch kusebenze ngakumbi kunokusebenzisa i-Chantix yedwa, nangona kukho iimfuno ezininzi.
Nokuba Impumelelo encinci yintuthuko
Nangona izinga lempumelelo lingabonakali ngathi linzima kakhulu, gcina ingqalelo kwinani elikhulu labantu abanomlutha kwi-nicotine kwaye bafa ngenxa yalo namhlanje. Ehlabathini lonke, izifo ezinxulumene nokutshaya zenza ukuba izigidi ezilishumi zifa rhoqo ngonyaka .
Faka enye indlela, iteksi ibonisa ubomi bomntu yonke imizuzwana emihlanu kwindawo ethile kwihlabathi. Isilwanyana esinokukunceda malunga nabantu abangama-25 kubo bonke abantu abayi-100 basebenzisa ukuyeka ukutshaya kufunekakile.
Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuyeka ukukhetha uncedo olufumanekayo kubantu abafuna ukuyeka ukutshaya ngoba oko kusebenzayo kungenakusebenza kumntu olandelayo. Ikhethelo elilinganayo lilingana nelithuba elikhulu lokuphumelela, ekugqibeleni.
KwiCantix Safety
Kwiminyaka ukususela ku-Chantix yafumaneka, ininzi yeemfuno eziphathekayo zempilo ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwazo ziye zachongwa. I-Chantix yinyango echanekileyo kuba, njengamanye amayeza, kunokubakho imiphumo ebalulekileyo kwipesenti yabantu.
Ukuba unomdla ekusebenziseni i-Chantix, xela ugqirha wakho ukuba anqume ukuba ingaba yinto enhle kuwe.
> Imithombo:
> Koegelenberg CF, Noor F, Bateman ED, et al. Ukusebenza kwe-Varenicline idibaniswe ne-Nicotine Inkqubo yokuTshintshwa kweVietric vs Varenicline eyedwa yokuSalela ukuCima: Uvavanyo oluLungelelweyo lwezonyango. JAMA . Julayi 2014; 312 (2): 155-61. i-doi: 10.1001 / jama.2014.7195.
> Baker TB, Piper ME, Stein JH, et al. Iimpembelelo zeNicotine Patch vs Varenicline ngokuBambisana neNicotine Indawo yokuTshintshwa kweNyango kwiNkquta yokuSalela kwiiVeki ezingama-26: I-Trial Controls Trial Trial. JAMA . 2016; 315 (4): 371-379. i-doi: 10.1001 / jama.2015.19284.
> Pfizer. NgeCantix. Ukuhlaziywa kukaJulayi 2017.
> Ulawulo lweZiko lokuTya kunye neDrug (FDA). I-FDA ivumela iMveli yeMveli kwiSitofu sokuSwaya. Ipapashwe ngoMeyi 12, 2006.