Inkcazo: Inkqubo ye-nervous central (CNS) iqulethwe yingqondo kunye nomthambo womgudu. I-CNS inokufumana ulwazi olusisiseko kwiinkqubo zesifo kunye nokulawula iimpendulo zomzimba. I-CNS iyahlula kwi- system ye-nervous system , equka zonke iimbilini ezingaphandle kwengqondo kunye nentambo yomgudu ohambisa imiyalezo kwi-CNS.
Ukujonga ngakumbi kwi-CNS
Inkqubo yesiseko yomnxeba ibizwa ngokuba yinto enjalo kuba idlala indima ephambili ekufumaneni ulwazi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba ize iququzelele lo msebenzi ukwenzela ukuvelisa iimpendulo zomzimba.
Ulwakhiwo lweNkqubo yeNervous Central
Masiqale ngokujonga ngokuthe ngqo kwiinkalo eziphambili ze-CNS.
- Ingqondo ilawula imisebenzi emininzi yomzimba kuquka ukuvakalelwa, ukucinga, ukunyakaza, ukuqonda kunye nememori.
- Intambo yomthambo idibanisa kwingqondo ngokugqithisa ubuchopho ize iqhube phantsi kumgca wokugcoba ophakathi kwe-vertebra. Umthambo womthambo uthwala ulwazi kwiindawo ezahlukahlukeneyo zomzimba ukuya kwiinjongo. Kwimeko ethile yokunyuka kweengcamango, iimpendulo zilawulwa yindlela yokugaya ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka kwengqondo.
- I-Neurons yimiqobo yesakhiwo senkqubo yesantya ephakathi. Iibhiliyoni zala maseli omzimba zingatholakala kuwo wonke umzimba kwaye ziqhagamshelana zivelise iimpendulo zomzimba nezenzo. Ingqikelelo yeebhiliyoni eziyi-86 ze-neurons zifumaneka kwingqondo yodwa !
Ekubeni i-CNS ibaluleke kakhulu, ikhuselwe ngamanani amaninzi.
Okokuqala, i-CNS yonke ifakwe kwisithambo. Ingqondo ikhuselwe yikhayi ngelixa intambo yomgudu ikhuselwe yi-vertebra yomqolo wamagxa. Ingqondo kunye nomthambo womgubo zihlanganiswe kunye nezicubu ezikhuselekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba ngama-meninges. I-CNS yonke ibhaptizwe kwizinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi-cerebrospinal fluid, eyenza iimeko zeemichiza ukuvumela iimbilini ze-nerve ukuba zithumele ulwazi ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokunikela enye inqabana yokukhusela kumonakalo.
Umphezulu wengqondo ubizwa ngokuba yi-cortex ye-cerebral. Umphezulu we-cortex ibonakala ngomsindo obomvu kwiintonga kunye neengxowa zeethambo. I-groove nganye iyaziwa njenge-sulcus ngelixa i-bump nganye iyaziwa njenge-gyrus.
Inxalenye enkulu yengqondo iyaziwa njenge-cerebrum kwaye ixanduva lwezinto ezinjengememori, intetho, ukuziphatha okuzithandela kunye nengcamango.
I-cerebrum iyahlula yaba ngama-hemispheres amabini, i-right hemisphere kunye ne-left hemisphere. I-hemisphere yokunene yengqondo ilawula ukunyakaza kwicala lomzi okhohlo, ngelixa i-hemisphere ekhohlo ilawula ukuhamba kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo lomzimba. Nangona ezinye imisebenzi zithatha ukuxhaswa kwesikhashana, oku akusikhombisi ukuba "bashiywe" okanye ngaba "bacacisekile" bacinga , njengoko inkolelo endala ibonisa. Eminye imisebenzi yobuchopho ithambekele ekuxhaseni, kodwa zombini macala engqondo asebenza kunye ukuvelisa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.
Inxalenye nganye yeengqondo ikwahlukana kwi-lobes ezine ezidibeneyo :
- I -lobes yangaphambili idibene nokuqonda okuphezulu, ukunyakaza okuzithandela kunye nolwimi.
- I- lobe ye-parietal inxulumene nolwazi lokufunda.
- I- lobes ye-temporal idibene neentetho zokuva nokutolika kunye nokubunjwa kweememori.
- I- lobes ye-occipital inxulumene neenkqubo ezibonakalayo.
Iingcali ezininzi zeengqondo: I-Psychology Dictionary