Ukuxinezeleka kunye nokuxhalabisa kudla rhoqo
Kunokwenzeka ukuba kunye noxinzelelo kunye nokuxhalaba ngexesha elinye. Abantu abaninzi abanenkxalabo badla ngokudandatheka.
Ukuxinezeleka nokuxhalabisa
Iimpawu zokudandatheka kunye nokuxhalaba ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanyeka kwiintlungu ezithile. Enyanisweni, ngokweSiko leSizwe seMpilo yengqondo, ukudakumba okukhulu kudla ngokuhamba nokuphazamiseka kwesifo kunye nezinye iingxaki zokuxhalabisa .
Nangona ukudandatheka kunye nokuxhalaba kunemisebenzi yeklinikhi eyahlukileyo, kukho ukungafihli kweempawu. Ngokomzekelo, kuzo zombini uxinzelelo kunye nokuxhalaba, ukucaphuka, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nokulala kakubi.
Akuqhelekanga ukuba namaxesha ambalwa kunye namafutshane afumaneke phantsi kwaye axhalabele. Ezi ziqendu azikho isizathu sokukhathazeka, kwaye emva kokudlula, unako ukuphinda uphinde uphile ubomi njengesiqhelo. Kodwa, ukuba unengxaki yokuxinezeleka kunye nexhala kunye neempawu zakho zikhona kwiiveki ezingaphezu kweebini, ukuphindaphindiweyo okanye ukuphazamisa indlela ophila ngayo ubomi bakho, lixesha lokufumana uncedo .
Ukuxinezeleka
Sonke sasizizwa 'sibuhlungu' okanye 'sibhakabhaka' ngexesha elinye. Ukubandezeleka okuqhubekayo kwimihla embalwa ngokuqhelekileyo akuyiyo ingxaki kubantu abaninzi. Kodwa, ukuxinezeleka kweklinikhi - uhlobo oluthi abantu bafune uncedo-ibali elihlukile. I- DSM 5 isebenzisa igama elithi "ingxaki enkulu yokudandatheka" ukuhlukanisa nokuxilonga ukucindezeleka kweklinikhi.
Iziphazamiso ezinkulu zokudandatheka zizinto eziphawulekayo zolu hlobo lokudakumba. Ezi ziqendu zibonakaliswe yimpawu ezigqithiseleyo eziphazamisa ukusebenza kwansuku zonke.
Ukuxinezeleka kwezonyango, okanye isiqhelo esicinezelayo, singabandakanya naziphi na ezi zilandelayo:
- ndiziva ndibuhlungu kakhulu ixesha
- Ndiziva ndidiniwe okanye ndinamandla amaninzi kakhulu emini
- ukulahlekelwa ngumdla kwimisebenzi emva kokuyithandayo
- utshintsho kwisondlo, ukulahleka kwesisindo okanye ukuzuza ubunzima
- ingxaki
- kunzima ukulala
- uzive ungento
- uzive uncedo okanye ungenathemba
- iintlungu ezingenakuchazwa, iingxaki zesisu okanye intlungu / isisu / intlungu
- iingcamango zokufa okanye ukuzibulala
Ukuxhalabisa
Ukuxhalabisa ngamava aqhelekileyo. Enyanisweni, kuthathwa njengempendulo enenzuzo kwiimeko ezithile. Ngokomzekelo, iimeko ezinobungozi zibangela ukuxhalaba ngendlela yokwenza uxinzelelo lokulwa nokukhupha okufunekayo ukuze sisinde. Okanye, ngamanye amaxesha ukuxhalabisa kusinikeza inkqubela efunekayo kufuneka siyenze izinto.
Nangona kubonakala kakuhle ukuba uxhalaba luqhelekile kwaye luncedo, kwabanye abantu kuba yingxaki. Kwaye, xa uxhalaba luba yingxaki, imiphumo ingaba yenyama, imvakalelo kunye nokuziphatha. Iimpawu zakho zingakhokelela kwisifo sokuxhalaba ukuba ngaba:
- ezinzima okanye ezinde ixesha elide
- ngaphandle kwimeko ekhoyo
- kubangela ukuziphatha okubi (oko kukuthi, ukuphepha ) ukunciphisa uxhalaba
Kufuneka kwakhona kuqatshelwe ukuba uxhalaba lunokuba yinto ebalulekileyo yokudakumba, kubangela ukuxinezeleka okanye uxinzelelo.
Unyango lwezoXinzelelo kunye nokuxhalabisa
Iimpawu zokudandatheka kunye nokuxhalaba ziya kunyangwa. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba unyango kunye / okanye isifo sengqondo (ukuthetha unyango) kusebenza kubantu abaninzi.
Njengoko igama lithetha, i- anti-depressants isetyenziselwa unyango lwexinzelelo. Ngoku kucacile ukuba ukongeza ekuphuculeni isimo sengqondo, izidandlululo zinefuthe lokuxhalabisa. Iingxaki zokuxhatshazwayo zikholelwa ukuba zichaphazela ezithile ( abathunywa beekhemikhali ) kwingqondo, kubangele ukuba nomoya ongcono kunye noxinzelelo oluncinci. Namhlanje, i-antidepressants yinto eqhelekileyo yokhetho lwamanyango ngoncedo olukhulu lokukhathazeka okukhulu kunye neengxaki zokuxhalabisa.
I-ctnitive-behavioral therapy ( CBT ) yindlela enye ye-psychotherapy eye yaboniswa ukuba iphumelele ekuphatheni uxinzelelo kunye nokukhathazeka kwexhala. I-CBT idibanisa iingcamango ezisisiseko zonyango lokuziphatha kunye neyonyango yolwazi.
Igama elithi "ingqiqo" libhekisela kwinkqubo yethu yokucinga kwaye ibonisa oko sikucingayo, sikholwe kwaye siyayiqonda. Beka ndawonye, i-CBT ijolise kwiindlela zethu zokuziphatha kunye neengcamango nendlela ezifaka isandla kwiimpawu zethu zangoku kunye nobunzima.
Imithombo:
Umbutho we-Psychiatric Association (2013). I-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disabilities, i-5th edition: Washington, DC: Umbhali.