I-Anxiolytics kunye namanye amayeza asetyenziswa kwi-Bipolar Disorder
Uphando lufumene ukuba uxhalaba luqhelekile kubantu abaneengxaki zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, kunye nangaphezu kwesigamu sabantu abanengxaki yokukhathazeka enye okanye ngaphezulu. Abanye abantu abanakho ukufumana iimpawu zokuxhalabisa ngokwaneleyo ukuba bafumane ukuxilongwa ngengxaki kodwa bafuna imithi yokulawula iimpawu zabo. Ukuxhalaba, ukukhathazeka, ukuxhalaba nokulala, umzekelo, bahlala bexhamla ngexesha lokudandatheka kwengqondo kunye neepisodes ezixubekileyo.
Iimpawu zokuxhalabisa ezinjengokungazinzi, ukukhathazeka nokucaphuka kungenzeka ngexesha le- mania ne- hypomania . Ngaloo ndlela, kuyaqhelekile ukuba abantu abane-bipolar bafumane amayeza anxamnye noxinzelelo.
Ukuxhalabisa ngamachiza, okubizwa ngokuba ngamayeza anxamnye noxinzelelo okanye i-anxiolytics, imiselwe ukukhathazeka kokukhathazeka kunye nabantu abanenkxalabo kunye neengxaki zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okanye ukudandatheka okukhulu. Ukuxhalabisa ngamachiza kunceda abantu bancipheke kwaye bancede banciphise ukungazinzi nokukhathazeka. Uninzi lwala mayeza luza kunceda abantu balele kangcono. Makhe sijonge kwiindidi ezahlukileyo zonyango ezisetyenziselwa ukuphatha uxhala kunye nokuba zingasetyenziselwa njani abantu abaneengxaki zokugula ngengqondo.
Benzodiazepines
Uninzi lwamachiza anxamnye noxinzelelo olujoliswe ngokukodwa ekuphatheni ukuxhalaba kuthiwa yi- benzodiazepines . Zininzi zala mayeza anxilisayo nawo ayalelwe ezinye iimeko kunye noku:
- Ukutshitshiswa
- Ukungabikho
- Ukukhwabanisa kwe-Chemotherapy kunye nokuhlanza
- Utywala utywala
- Ukuxhamla
Ezinye zala machiza zisetyenziselwa ikakhulu iziphumo zabo zokudambisa, mhlawumbi ukuncedisa ukusila okanye ukuphuza imithi ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Iiyeza zeBenzodiazepine ziquka:
- Klonopin (clonazepam)
- Serax (oxazepam)
- Librium (chlordiazepoxide)
- Xanax (alprazolam)
- Dalmane (flurazepam)
- Halcion (triazolam)
- Ukubuyisela (itemazepam)
Imiphumo emibi ye-benzodiazepines ininzi, kodwa inkxalabo enkulu yinkxalabo yokuxhomekeka, kunye nokugqithisa xa kusetshenziselwa yedwa okanye ngotywala.
Ukuxhatshazwa
Kuye kwafunyanwa imishanguzo eninzi yokuxhatshazwayo ibe nefuthe ekukhathazeni, kwaye ngokungafani ne-benzodiazepines, ayinayo ingozi efanayo yokuxhaphazwa nokugqithisa. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ezi ziyobisi zihlala zisisiseko sonyango loxinzelelo lwaluphi na uhlobo. Iziyobisi ezivela kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zokuxhatshazwa ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka:
I-serotonin i-reuptake inhibitors (iSRRIs)
Ezinye zezilwanyana kule ndawo zikhankanywe ngezantsi kunye nezinye zezibonakaliso. Oku kuthetha, zonke ezi ziyakucatshangelwa unyango lwexhala kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho.
- I-Paxil (i-paroxetine): I-Paxil ininzi isebenzayo, kubandakanywa ingxaki enkulu yokudandatheka, ingxaki yokunyanzelisa ingxaki (OCD), ingxaki yokuphazamiseka kunye okanye ngaphandle kwe-agoraphobia, ingxaki yokuxhalaba kwezenhlalakahle, ingxaki yokukhathazeka jikelele (GAD), kunye neengxaki ezixinzelelekileyo zokuphazamiseka kwengxaki (PTSD) .
- I-Zoloft (sertraline): I-Zoloft ivunyiwe ukuba unyango lweengxaki ezibandakanya ukukhathazeka okukhulu, i-OCD, i-panic disorder, i-premenstrual disysstry disorder, kunye ne-disorder disorder disorder.
- Iprozac (i-fluoxetine): Iprozac ivunyelwe ukunyanga uxinzelelo, i-OCD, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwengxaki.
- I-Luvox (i-fluvoxamine): I-Luvox isetyenziselwa ukuphatha ingxaki yokunyanzela (OCD).
Ukukhetha i-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (i-SNRIs )
Izidakamizwa ezivimbela ukubuyiswa kwakhona kwee-neurotransmitters serotonin kunye ne-norepinephrin zingasetyenziselwa ukuphatha uxhalaba. SNRI ziquka:
I-Tricyclic Antidepressants
Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-tricyclic endala kusetyenziswa rhoqo ukunyanga kwexhala kunye nengxaki ye-bipolar, kodwa inokuba luncedo kwiimeko ezithile.
Buspar (Buspirone)
I-Buspar (buspirone) ayihambelani namachiza apha ngasentla kodwa inokunceda ukuxhalabisa ngengxaki yokuguquguquka kwengqondo, ngakumbi xa idibene ne-anti-depressant. Nangona la mayeza anemiphumo emibini emibi, kukho ezinye iingxelo ze-mania kule nkunkuma, ngakumbi xa idibene namanye amayeza.
Iingcali Zonyango
Kukho ezinye iindlela ezininzi zokusondela kunyango lwexhala ngaphezu kweyeza, kwaye, inene, ukudibanisa unyango luhlala luhle kakhulu. Ezinye iindlela zonyango zingabandakanya:
- I-Psychotherapy, njenge- cognitive treatment therapy (CBT), kunye ne-CBT ngokwenene ithathwa njengonyango oluphambili lwezoxinzelelo
- Izakhono zokujamelana nokuphucula, ezifana nokuphefumula .
Njengengcamango yokugqibela, gcinani engqondweni ukuba konke ukukhathazeka akubi, kwaye uxhalaba okanye "eustress" ngokwenene lukhuthaza abantu ukuba babe njalo.
ILizwi
Ukuba umntu ongenayo i-bipolar enesifo okanye enye ingxaki yokuxhalaba, mhlawumbi kufuneka kubekho unyango olulungele ukuxhalabisa. Nawaphi na amayeza angentla angamiselwa umntu onentsholongwane ye-bipolar ojongene nokuxhalaba, nokuba ngaba uxhalaba aluveli kwintlungu yokuxhalabisa.
Imithombo:
Fountaoulakis, K., Yatham, L., Grunze, H. et al. Ikholeji ye-International ye-Neuro-Psychopharmacology (CINP) Izikhokelo zonyango lwe-Bipolar Disorder kuBantu abadala (i-CINP-BD-2017), Icandelo 2: Ukuphonononga, ukuGcinwa koBungqina, kunye ne-Algorithm ecacileyo. I-International Journal ye-Neuropsychopharmacology . 2016 Disemba 22. (i-Epub ngaphambi kokuprinta).