Ubuthi be-lithium yimeko enokubangela ukuba ne-lithium eninzi kwinkqubo yakho. Ekubeni ukusetyenziswa konyango lwe- lithium njengendlela yokuzinza , iimeko ezininzi zivela kubantu abaneengxaki zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Ukongezelela, abantu abahlala nomntu othabatha i-lithium inokuba yengozini yokungena ngokungekho nto kunye nobutyhefu.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantu abathabatha le mayeza baqaphele iimpawu zetyhefu.
Abathandekayo kunye nabahlobo nabo mabafundiswe malunga neempawu ukuze bancede ukuba ungeke ukwazi ukuzinceda.
U vavanya
Esinye sezizathu zogqirha zenza iimvavanyo zegazi ngexesha eliqhelekileyo kubantu abathatha i-lithium kukuba iifestile phakathi kwesazi esebenzayo kunye ne-dose enobuthi iyinto encinci kakhulu - kwaye yintoni into ekhuselekileyo, esebenzayo yomntu oyedwa inokuba yingozi kunezinye.
Ngokutsho kwe- US Food and Drug Administration (i-FDA), ngokuqhelekileyo , inqanaba elinqwenelekayo li-0.6 ukuya kwi-1.2 mEq / L. Nangona kunjalo, bathi, "Izigulane ezingaqhelekanga kwiLithium zingabonisa imiqondiso enobungozi kumanqanaba e-serum engaphantsi kwe-1 mEq / L."
Ukuphakama kwezinga le-serum, i-forensic izakuba ziphumo zombini kunye nokubonakala kweempawu ezinobuthi (kwakhona kuthiwa ukuxiliswa kwe-lithium).
Iintlobo zeLithium Toxicity
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu ze-lithium inetyhefu: i-acute, isifo esingapheliyo kwaye isigxina.
Efanelekileyo
Oku kudla ngokuqhelekileyo xa umntu ongathathi i-lithium nantoni.
Oku kuya kwenzeka xa ilungu lentsapho lithatha iipilisi kwibhotile engafanelekanga, xa umntwana engena kumachiza omzali, okanye kwizame zokuzibulala.
Ngokutsho kwabaphandi be-Timmer kunye ne-Sands, utyhefu olunzima lunokuthi luthwale ingozi engaphantsi kwezobuchopho kunye neempawu ezinzima kakhulu kunezinye iintlobo, kuxhomekeke kwisixa esithathwe.
Oku, bathi, kukuba i-lithium iya kucima emzimbeni ngokukhawuleza kumntu ongeyisistim yokusebenzisa i-lithium.
Izimpawu ezinokuba nzima zibandakanya uhudo, isisu, isisu, isisu, ukuhlanza kunye nobuthathaka. Izimpawu ezinzima zibandakanya ukuthungatha izandla, i-ataxia, i-muscle twitches, intetho edibeneyo, i-nystagmus, i-seizures, i-coma kwaye, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, iingxaki zentliziyo.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwisixa esithathiweyo kwaye kungekudala ukungeniswa kwe-lithium kufunyenwe, unyango luquka ukuba isisu sakho siphume, siphumelele amanzi kunye ne-dialysis yezintso, phakathi kwabanye. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuxela okulungileyo kulungile ngaphandle kokuba iimpawu zesifo se-nervous zivele, kwimeko apho kukho iingxaki zexesha elide.
Ezingapheliyo
Ifomu engapheliyo yokuxiliswa kwe-lithium kwenzeka kubantu abathatha i-lithium imihla ngemihla kodwa izinga legazi le- serum liye lafikelela kwibala eliyingozi. Izizathu ezinokubangela ukunyuka kweelayi, ukunyuka kwamanzi, ukusebenzisana namanye amayeza kunye neengxaki zentsholongwane.
Ngokungafani nobutywala be-lithium, izigulane ezinesifo esingapheliyo se-lithium zisoloko zingenayo ingxaki yesisu neengxenyeni. Izimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka intetho ekhutshweyo, ukuthuthumela, kunye neengcamango ezikhulayo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukutyhefuza kwe-lithium okungapheliyo kungabonakali kangangoko kuninzi kwezinye iintlobo.
Izimpawu ezinzima ngakumbi zingabonakala ngaphambi kokuba imeko ichongwe. Ezi zinokubandakanya iingxaki zememori kunye nokukhubazeka kwengqiqo, iingxaki ezihamba phambili, ingqondo yengqondo, ukuhluleka kwezintso, ukuxhatshazwa, i-coma, nokufa.
Ukuba iimpawu ze-neurocognitive zenzeka, zinokuqhubeka zide kwithuba elide nangona emva kokunyanga ngempumelelo.
I-lithium iya kucima inkqubo ngokuthe ngcembe kule ndlela yobunobuthi kunokuba luhlobo olunzima. Ukuba ubanjwe ngokukhawuleza, ukugcoba isisu (ukupompa isisu) kunokuboniswa.
Ukuba iimpawu zifunyenwe kwangaphambili, ukunciphisa umthamo we-lithium okanye ukuwuyeka ngokupheleleyo unokuba unyango olwaneleyo, ukuqala kwakhona umlinganiselo ophantsi xa ufanelekileyo.
Ngaphandle koko, uchungechunge lwezonyango lwe-dialysis lunokuba luyimfuneko ukucima i-lithium engaphezu kwenkqubo yesigulane. Kuzo zonke iimeko, i-intravenous fluids iyakunikwa.
Efanelekileyo kwiSigxina
Oku kwenzeka xa isiguli esithatha i-lithium ngengozi okanye ngokuzithandela sithatha umthamo ophezulu kunokuba umiselwe. Ngenxa yokuba amanqanaba asebenzayo kunye namazinga anetyhefu e -lithium egazini ephantse kakhulu, i-dose eyongezelelweyo ebangela i-acute kwi-toxicity esingapheliyo ayifanele ibe yinto ephakamileyo.
Iimpawu zalo mqathango ziquka zombini iimpawu zesisu sokutyhefuza kunye neempawu ezinzima zesifo esiyingozi. Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye nekhosi ye-dialysis iboniswa rhoqo, kunye nezinye iindlela zokunonyango ezibandakanya iziyobisi ngenxa yokukhangela isicupunu okanye ukulawula ukuhlutha.
I-Acute i-lithium inetyity engapheliyo ithathwa njengoluhlobo olubi kunabo bonke, kunye nefuthe eliphezulu kwixesha elide.
I-Outlook yokuFumana
Uninzi lwabantu luyaphuma kwi-lithium toxicity ngaphandle kweengxaki. Phantse iipesenti ezili-10 zalabo abanesifo esinetyhefu esinokubangela ukutyhefuza kunokuba neengxaki zangexesha elide, ezinokuthi zenzeke kwiimeko ezinzima kwi-lithium. Kule ndawo, iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zinesistim se-nervous, kodwa i-thyroid, izintso, i-parathyroid kunye nentliziyo inokuchaphazeleka.
> Imithombo:
> I-lithium Ukuchazela Ulwazi. Drugs.com . Matshi 2007.
> Medline Plus. I-Lithium Toxicity. AmaZiko eZiko lezeMpilo . 21 uJan 2010.
> Timmer, RT, kunye neSands, JM. Ukuxiliswa kweLithium. Umbhalo we-American Society of Nephrology. 10.3 (1999): 666-674.
> Lee, DC, et al. I-Lithium Toxicity. Reference Medscape . 18 Novemba 2010.