Ukwahlukana koMlingani okanye Ukukhuthazwa kwenza ukubahluko
Uphando olwenziwe ngonyango olulandelayo lubonisa ukuba injongo ka-Al-Anon yokunikela "ukuqonda nokukhuthazwa" kwabo baneengxaki zokusela ziindlela ezinceda kakhulu amalungu omndeni angathatha ukujongana nale meko.
Uphononongo olulodwa, olwenziwa nguWilliam Fals-Stewart we-Institute Institute of Addictions kwiYunivesithi yase-State yaseNew York eBuffalo, yafumanisa ukuba amadoda aphulukana nokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi ayaphumelelanga kangako ukuba akholelwa ukuba iqabane lakhe okanye iqabane libaxhomekeke kubo, kunokuba baxhase.
Ukunyanzeliswa Kuxhunyiwe kuKwahlukana
Uphononongo lufumene ukuba amadoda angama-106 atshatileyo afundiswa, abo bavakalisa ukugxekwa okugqithiseleyo kumaqabane abo bekunokwenzeka ukuba baphinde baphinde babuye , kungakhathaliseki ubunzima beengxaki zabo zonyango, ubudala okanye ubuhlanga.
U-Anon liqela leenkxaso kulabo abachaphazelekayo ngokusela komnye umntu. Kwi "preamble" efundwa kwiintlanganiso ezininzi ze-Al-Anon, ithi:
"U-Anon unenjongo enye yokunceda iintsapho zezidakwa. Senza oku ngokuziqhuba iiNqanaba ezilishumi elinesibini, ngokuwamkela nokuthuthuzela iintsapho ezidakwa, kunye nokunika ukuqonda nokukhuthaza abantu abanxilisayo."
"Ukuthelekiswa nokunyanga ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi ezingabandakanyekanga abatshatileyo, abantu abafumana unyango lwebhangqa baneziphumo ezingcono kakhulu - ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezimbalwa, ukubanjwa okungaphantsi, ubuninzi bokungabikho kweziyobisi," kusho uFals-Stewart.
Isiqingatha seMadoda sasibuyiselwe
Ezinye iziphumo zophando ziquka:
- Kwamadoda angama-106 kwisifundo, isiqingatha saphinda sabuya emva konyaka unyango.
- Ininzi yamadoda yaqonda ukuba iqabane layo libagxeka ngokulinganayo, kunye neepesenti ezi-2 nje kuphela zithi azibalulekanga nakubonke, kwaye i-29 ekhulwini ithi "yayibaluleke kakhulu."
- Amadoda amadala ayenokukwazi ukugxekwa, njengabo babandakanyeka kwiintlungu ezidityanelweyo.
Uphononongo lwalinganisa ukugxekwa kwamadoda, kungekhona kangakanani na amaqabane abo bawagxeka ngayo.
UFals-Stewart uthe ukubuyela kwakhona kunokunyusa ukugxeka kumlingane, othe wadibana kakhulu nokungafezeki kweyeza.
Ukubuyiselwa komntu ngamnye akuvumelekanga
Indlela eyaziwa ngayo " isifo seentsapho " ekunxilweni kotywala ibonisa ukuba bonke amalungu entsapho baye bachaphazeleka sisifo kwaye ilungu ngalinye kufuneka lijongane nemiba yabo ngabanye kwiiNxila ezingabonakaliyo , i-Al-Anon okanye i-Alateen.
Nangona imizamo yokubuyiswa yodwa ingaba luncedo, kukho uphando oluninzi olubonisa ukuba unyango olubandakanya intsapho lunokuvelisa iziphumo ezingcono.
Abafazi abathandanayo
Uphando lokuqala loFals-Stewart kunye nabanye abaphandi kufuneka bakhokele ekuphuhlisweni kwindlela yokwelapha ebizwa ngokuba yi-Treatment Couples Treatment (BCT). Yindlela yokunyanga "yabatshatileyo okanye abaxhatshazwayo beziyobisi kunye nabalingani babo abazama ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ngokuchanekileyo ngokulungelelanisa ukusebenzisana kwezibini ezingasebenzi ezihlala zisinceda."
Iingcambu zonyango ezithandwayo zifunyenwe zisebenzayo kwizifundo ezininzi kunye neendidi ezahlukahlukeneyo ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi kunye nokuqinisa intsapho.
Ulwalamano oluPhambili
Xa kuthelekiswa nonyango olusekelwe kumntu ngamnye, izibhedlele zonyango zifunyenwe:
- Ukuvelisa ukunciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi
- Yakha amanqanaba aphezulu olwalamano nolwaneliseko
- Ukunciphisa ubudlelwane obundlobongela
- Ukwandisa ukulungiswa kwengqondo kwengqondo yabantwana
Inkqubo yeBCT ifunyenwe ngempumelelo kwizigulana ezixhaphaza iziyobisi, endaweni yobunxila. Izifundo ziye zafumanisa ukuba indlela yesibini kwindlela yokwelapha inokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo xa umxhaphazi weziyobisi kwintsapho ibhinqa.
I-BCT nayo iboniswe ukuba iyasebenza, ngaphezu kweyonyango ngalinye, kwizigulane ezithola unyango lwe-naltrexone .
Ezi zi gulane zazisenokwenzeka ukuba zithathe amachiza abo ukuba kwakukho unyango oluthile.
Xa Bobabini Abalingani Banobugqirha
Ulwaphulo lwezithandane olusebenzayo lusebenza kakuhle xa elinye iqabane lalingumlutha. Xa bobabini abalingani bexhatshaza iziyobisi, i-BCT ayifumananga ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi okanye ukunciphisa inani leentsuku ezingabikhoyo. Kodwa, ukongeza ukwaneliseka kobudlelwane.
"Kubonakala ngathi banokungquzulana okungaphantsi kokuxhatshazwa kweziyobisi, kwaye ukuzama ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi kunokunciphisa uxhamlo lwabo lwentlalo ngokubashiya umsebenzi owenziweyo owanelisayo," uFals-Stewart wabhala. "Ukuzama ukujongana nokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi ngenye yeqabane elinesibini elixhatshazwayo-into eqhelekileyo, kuba abambini abalingani abavumi ukufuna uncedo ngexesha elifanayo-bavame ukudala iingxabano ezinokuthi zixazululwe kuphela ngenxa yokuchithwa kobudlelwane okanye ukuqhubeka kweziyobisi tyenziswa nguqabane eliphathwayo. "
Akunjalo ngezobini ezidlobongelayo
Ulwaphulo lwezithandabuzo zokuziphatha alukho kuzo zonke izibini, nangona kunjalo. I-BCT ayinconywa kubini abatshatileyo abavakalise ulwaphulo-mthetho kunyaka odlulileyo olufuna ukunikwa ngonyango okanye ukuba elinye iqabane libika ukuba liloyiko lomnye .
Kuloo matyala, isibini esivame ukubhekiswa kunyango lwekhaya lwasekhaya kunye neqabane elixhaphazayo lifumana unyango ngabanye malunga nokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala okanye iziyobisi.
Enye into ecacileyo, amathuba omnxila okanye umlutha ukuba ahlambuluke kwaye ahlale ecocekile kwaye akhuphuke ngokunyanisekileyo xa amalungu omndeni ethatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo kwaye anokunceda ukubonelela indawo efanelekileyo.
Imithombo:
Fals-Stewart, W et al. Iingxaki Zokwenza Uthandabuzo Lokusetyenziswa Kwenyango: Ukuthandabuza, iindlela kunye nokufunyanwa. " I-Addiction Science and Practice Practice Agasti 2004
Fals-Stewart, W. et al. "Izibini zokuziphatha zonyango ngamadoda anxilisayo kunye nabalingani babo obusondeleyo: Ukusebenza okuthelekisayo kwabacebisi be-bachelor's and-level-counselors". Unyango lwezonyango