Ngokukhetha okuqhubekayo okulula kunye nempendulo engxamisekileyo, akumangalisi ukuba ingqiqo yolwazi ifumana indawo engakumbi kwimpilo yengqondo nokuziphatha. Ngokutsho kweZiko leSizwe leMpilo yengqondo (i-NIMH), ukudakumba okukhulu ngenye yezona zinto zixhaphake kakhulu kwimpilo yengqondo eMelika. Ngo-2016, phakathi kwabantu abadala abachongwe njengokuba babe neyona nxalenye enkulu yokudakumba, i-63% kuphela ifumana unyango.
Amanani anxulumene noko xa ekhangelekile ekudakaleni okukhulu kwabaselula. Ngokubhekiselele kwiNkunkuma yokuSebenza kwezeMpilo kunye nokuPhathwa kweeNkonzo zezeMpilo zeNgqondo (i-SAMHSA), yabaselula abachongwe njengokuba babe neyona nxalenye enkulu yexinzelelo, ama-40% kuphela athola unyango lwaluphi uhlobo. Xa ukhangela la manani, kwaye ucinga ukuba bangaphi abantu abadala kunye nabadala abanenkxalabo yokungaxhamli naluphi na uncedo, lusenza sicinge ngeendlela ezongezelelekileyo zokufikelela kubantu kunye nokubonelela ngoncedo oluyimfuneko kakhulu.
Intelligence Intelligence for Depression
Kukho iinzuzo ezininzi zokusebenzisa ingqiqo engqondweni yokudakumba, njengoko siza kubhala ngezantsi.
Ukuzonwabisa
Iishedyuli zibucayi kwaye ixesha liyinqobo. I-Multitasking yinto eqhelekileyo kwaye sihlala sifuna iindlela zokwandisa ixesha lethu. Ukujonga kwiindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuzinyamekela kunye nokunyameka kwengqondo akufani.
Ukwelulekwa ngezigulane zendabuko kubandakanya ukukwenza ukuqeshwa kanye okanye kabini ngeveki ukutyelela umgqirha wakho kwiseshoni engama-50 ngexesha ngalinye. Uzama ukufumana ixesha lokumisela elikhoyo elisebenza kunye nezidingo zakho zokucwangcisa kunye nethemba lokufumana ixesha elifunekayo emsebenzini ukuya kwiiseshoni ngokusesikweni.
Ukuya kwi-ofisi yokucebisa kungena kwenye ihora, okanye ngaphezulu, kuxhomekeke kwindlela iindlela eziphathekayo zonyango ezihlala kuyo kwaye zihlala phi.
Ukusetyenziswa kweengcaphephe zengqondo kuye kwakunceda ukudala iiplatifti kunye neefayili ezifikeleleka lula kwi-smart phone okanye tablet. Ukuba uncedo olufumanekayo ngokufanelekileyo kwisikhwama okanye esikhwameni sakho malunga nokulungelelana njengoko singalindela. Uninzi lwezi nkonzo zempilo yengqondo kunye neenkqubo zifumaneka ngexabiso eliphantsi, ezinye zifumaneke nakumahhala, kwaye zifikeleleke iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku. Ukukwazi ukufikelela kwizibonelelo zengqondo ezifanelekileyo kunye nezindleko eziphantsi yinzuzo ebalulekileyo yokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezisekelwe kwintelligence esekelwe.
Uxhumano
Kwintsimi yempilo yengqondo, kwaziwa ukuba enye yezinto ezibonakalayo zengxelo yeengcebiso ezilungileyo zolu hlobo luveliswe phakathi komxhasi kunye nomcebisi wabo. Sakha ubudlelwane kunye nomnye, sakha ithemba kunye nokwakha indawo ekhuselekileyo yokuba abantu bavakalise iimvakalelo ezicelomngeni kwaye baxoxe ngamava amanzima. Uxhumano luyintloko kule nkqubo yokuphilisa. Abo bahlakulela iinkqubo zengqondo ezisekelwe ekusebenzeni ngokuzikhandla, ngokusebenzisa ixabiso elingaqhelekanga lwedatha, ukudala indawo efanayo evumela abantu ukuba bazive bexhunyiwe kwaye baqondwe.
Ukongezelela kwintlupheko yokuxhamla, uxolongo lwengqondo ludibanisa nabantu abaneenkonzo ezifunekayo abangenako ukufumana uncedo. Iinkonzo zempilo yengqondo zihlala zilinganiselwe kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni okanye ezikude, okwenza kube nzima kubantu ukuba bafumane umntu ukuba aphumelele ukucebisa okanye unyango. Ngokutsho kweKaiser Family Foundation, kuqikelelwa ukuba abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezili-106 e-United States bahlala kwiindawo ezibhekiswe kwiiNdawo zokuNqongophala kwezeMpilo (HPSAs). Ukukwazi ukufikelela kunye nokusebenzisa izixhobo zempilo yengqondo eyenzelwe ukusebenzisa ingqiqo yolwazi kungaba ngumthombo wethemba labantu kwiindawo apho kungekho ncedo olukhoyo.
Ukungaziwa
Njengoko sifunyenwe ukuxhamla kwaye sinokuqonda iingenelo zengcebiso kunye neyeza xa siphikisana noxinzelelo, ngamanye amaxesha izithintelo ezifumana indlela esifuna uncedo esiyidingayo. Nangona i-stigma yokuzama ukufumana uncedo okanye ukuthatha inxaxheba ekucebiseni ngokuqinisekileyo yehlile ngaphaya kweminyaka, abanye abantu bafumanisa nzima ukuba bafumane uncedo. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokusebenza eziphathekayo kunye neenqwelo zengqondo zengqondo zivumela abantu ukuba bafumane iinkonzo zempilo yengqondo kwindawo yokuhlala yabo. Awunakuxhalaba ngabanye bazi ukuba uthatha inxaxheba okanye ukwesaba ukuwela iindlela owaziyo endleleni okanye kwi-ofisi yokucebisa.
Uninzi lwezinto eza kuxoxwa ngazo ekucebiseni ukuxinezeleka kubandakanya ukukhathazeka kabuhlungu, amava obuhlungu kunye noloyiko, izihloko kunye nolwazi olungasishiya sisichengeni. Ingcamango yokuxubusha ezi zinto ngokungachazwanga ngekrini inokuziva ingcatshiswa ngakumbi kunokuthetha nomntu ubuso nobuso. Ukukwazi ukugcina ubumfihlo xa sithetha ngezinto ezinzima ekuthuthukisweni kwesikhala sethu, kwaye senza konke oku kulungelelaniso, sinokubhenca kakhulu. Izibonelelo zengqondo zengqondo zisebenzisa i-intelligence yobuchule zivumela ukuba le nto ifumaneke.
Imida
Ininzi yemithintelo enokuthintela abantu ekufuneni nasekufumaneni uncedo ekudandathelweni kususwe, okanye ubuncitshiswa bancinci, ngokweenkqubo zengqondo ezisekelweyo. Uphando nophuhliso lwezi zixhobo luyamangalisa, lukhula kwaye luphucula. Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele ukuba ezi zixhobo zeteknoloji ezisetyenziselwa ukusebenzisa ingqiqo yobuchule azenzelwe ukuthatha indawo yokunyanga ukunyanzeliswa okanye naluphi na uhlobo lwempilo yengqondo.
Ziziphi izixhobo ze-AI ezifumanekayo?
Ngezantsi kukho imizekelo yezinto zobugcisa ezisekelwe kwisicatshulwa ezingasetyenziswa ekuncedeni ukulwa nokudakumba.
WoeBot
I-WoeBot yaqaliswa ehlobo le-2017 kwaye ibhekiselwa kuyo njenge-agent engxoxo ngokuzenzekelayo, eyaziwayo njenge-chatbot. Yenzelwe ukunikela unonophelo olufanelekileyo kulabo abanenkxwaleko ngokuxelisa ingxoxo yabantu, banikezela izikhokelo ezinxulumene nokhuseleko kunye nobudlelwane kubasebenzisi balo. Inkqubo inokwabelana nawe ngolwazi kunye nezibonelelo, ezifana namavidiyo kunye nokuzivocavoca, ngokusekelwe kwinto ekucinga ukuba uyayidinga ngelo xesha. I-WoeBot ingasetyenziswa ngokungaziwa kwii-iPhones ne-iPads kwaye unokuxoxa nayo nge-Facebook Messenger.
Njengoko kubhalwe kwiwebsite yenkampani, iWoeBot inikeza ezi zinto zilandelayo kubasebenzisi bayo:
- Ukulandelela imizwa yakho
- Ukunika ingqiqo
- Ukufundisa izinto
- Uncede uzive ungcono
- Yiba khona 24/7
- Funda kuwe emva kwexesha
Isiseko se-WoeBot senzelwe ngempembelelo yonyango yokuziphatha kwengqondo (CBT), isakhelo sonyango esisebenzayo ukunceda abantu batshintshe ukucinga kwabo nokungathandeki kwabo, okokuba kukhokelela ekuphuculeni isimo sengqondo kunye nokwenza izigqibo. Njengoko uqhubeka uxoxisana neWoBBot, iqokelela idatha ngokusebenzisa ukusetyenziswa kolwimi lwendalo (NLP) kwaye isebenzisa le ngcaciso ukuze ikwazi kakuhle. Ulwazi oluqokelelweyo luvumela ukuba inkqubo ibone ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ihlangabezane neemfuno zakho zemvakalelo ngexesha elithile, ukubonelela ngezibonelelo ezizimeleyo, uqeqesho oluzimeleyo, ulwazi kunye nenkxaso enxulumene neenkxalabo zakho.
Wysa
U-Wysa uchazwa kwiziko leenkampani njengengqiqo engqondweni, "inkohliso engqondweni" ekwazi ukukunceda ukulawula iimvakalelo zakho neengcinga zakho. Njenge-WoeBot, i-Wysa yenziwe ngeempembelelo ezivela kwi-CBT ukukunceda ucelomngeni kwaye utshintshe iingcamango ezingathandekiyo nokuziphatha. Ukongeza kwi-CBT, i-Wysa iquka impembelelo eyongeziweyo kwi-dialectical therapy (DBT), iinkqubo zokucamngca, kunye nokuphandabuzwa kweengxoxo.
Njengoko kunye nezinye iinkqubo ze-AI, u-Wysa uyaqhubeka nokuqokelela idatha njengoko uxoxa ukuze ufunde ngokuchanekileyo kwaye uhlangabezane neemfuno zakho zokuziphatha nezengqondo. Ungasebenzisa u-Wysa ngokungabonakali, okufana ne-WoeBot. Nangona inkonzo ye-chatbot ikhululekile, inkampani ephuhlise i-Wysa icebise ukuba ungathenga kwakhona ukubhaliswa kwenyanga kuya kukuvumela ukuba usebenze nomqeqeshi womntu wakwa-Wysa.
Tess
Esinye isicwangciso seengqondo esisebenzisekayo sokunakekelwa kwempilo yengqondo, uTess uchazwa ngokuthi "i-AI yengqondo elawula imfundo yengqondo yomntu kunye nezikhumbuzo ezinxulumene nempilo." I-Tess isetyenziselwa ingxoxo yesicatshulwa esekelwe kwimiyalezo, njengabanye. Inkqubo ingafumaneka kwi-Facebook Messenger, ukuthumela imiyalezo, izikhangeli zewebhu kunye nezinye izicwangciso ezifanelekileyo kumsebenzisi.
Ukuqokelela kwedatha ngokuthumela imiyalezo eqhubekayo kuvumela uTess ukuba achaze iimpendulo ezifanelekileyo kwaye unikele ngolwazi oluchanekileyo kunye nolwalathiso olunxulumene neengxaki zakho. Kucaciswa njengokuba isebenzisa ingqiqo yolwazi ukuze ukwazi ukulungelelanisa iimfuno kunye neenjongo zomntu. I-X2AI, inkampani eyakha iTess, ithi le nkqubo ayijoliswanga ukuba ithathe indawo yonyango lonyango, kodwa lenzelwe ukusetyenziswa njengenkxaso eyongezelelweyo kwinkqubo yokwenza unyango. Ukungenelela kukaTess, njengabanye abachazwe ngoku, baphenjelelwe kwisikhokelo sokunyanga kwengqondo yokuziphatha.
Ezi Zixhobo Zinceda njani Ngexinzelelo?
Kuchazwe kumzekelo wonyango olugxininisekile ngokomzwelo ukuba umntu okhuselekileyo ngokomzwelo ufikeleleke, uphendule kwaye uthathe inxaxheba. Abaphengululi kunye nabasebenzi kwiinkalo zobulumko bobuchule basebenzisana ngenkuthalo ukuzisa ezo zimpawu kwiinkonzo zezempilo zengqondo ezisekelwe kwi-teknoloji. Tess, WoeBot, Wysa, kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezifanayo zifumana ukufikeleleka ngokufumaneka kwi-24/7 ngokungabi nantoni kwindleko kumsebenzisi. Ubulumko bobuchule buvumela ukuba le nkqubo iqokelele idatha efunekayo evumela ukuba benze umgangatho weengxelo zonyango kunye nomsebenzisi wayo, kwaye unikele iimpendulo ezifanelekileyo njengoko incoko iyaqhubeka. Umgangatho wokubandakanya uyaqhubeka ukukhula njengoko inkqubo ifunda ngakumbi ngawe, iqokelela idatha ephezulu, kwaye iyakwazi ukufumana nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zomzwelo zomsebenzisi.
Abantu abaninzi baxabisa ubumfihlo babo, ngamanye amaxesha, banandipha ukungaziwa ukuba iteknoloji inokubonelela. Xa sicinga ngokubaluleka kunye nobuntu bomxholo odla ngokubelana ngokucetyiswa kunye neyeza, kuyaqondakala ukuba iiprogram ezisebenzisa ingqiqo yobuchule ngale ndlela zingaba yinzuzo ebalulekileyo kwinkalo yempilo yengqondo. Iindawo ezikude ezilahlayo ababoneleli, i-stigma ehambelana nokufuna uncedo okanye ukwesaba ukufikelela xa silimaza zonke izithintelo ezisetyenziselwa ukususwa njengoko intsimi yeengcinga zobungcali ziqhubeka nokuphuhlisa izixhobo zokusebenza.
Khumbula, nangona izixhobo ezisetyenziswayo zingasebenzisa ingqiqo, zingenakunceda ukuba zithathe indawo yonyango lwezempilo yengqondo yengqondo.