Bonke abatsha banenkxalabo ngamanye amaxesha. Uvakalelwa ngethuba phambi komhla, ukhathazeka ngokuvavanya, kwaye ufumana uxhalabisayo olwandisiweyo ngaphambi kokuba intshumayelo enkulu iqheleke. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, abantwaba banenkxalabo eninzi kangangokuthi kuphazamise ukusebenza kwabo kwansuku zonke.
Abazali abanentshwenyeko-kunye nabafana ngokwabo-bahlala benqwenela uncedo. Kodwa, abantu abaninzi banenkxalabo ukuba imithi yokuxhalaba ikhuselekile kubantwana.
Ukuxhalabisa ngemithi yabaselula
I-serotonin i-reuptake inhibitors ekhethiweyo, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-SSRIs, iyona mithi eqhelekileyo eqhelekileyo yokuxhalabisa abantwana kunye nentsha. Ezi zingabandakanya imishanguzo efana neProzac (i-fluoxetine), iCelexa (citalopram), i- Zoloft (i-sertraline) kunye neLexapro (escitalopram).
Ama-SSRI akhula amanqanaba e-serotonin kwingqondo. I-Serotonin yintsholongwane ephethe impawu phakathi kweeseli zengqondo. I-SSRI ivimbela ukubuyiswa kwakhona kwe-serotonin kwingqondo, okwenza kube lula.
I-Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-SNRIs, inokumiselwa ukuba intsha ibe nexhala. I-SNRI ingaquka amachiza afana neCymbalta (duloxetine) kunye ne- Effexor XR (venlafaxine).
Njengama-SSRIs, i-SNRI ifuthe i-neurotransmitters kwingqondo. I-SNRIs ibhenxisa ukubuyisela kwakhona i-neurotransmitter ezimbini kwi-brain-serotonin kunye ne-norepinephrin.
Iimpembelelo eziqhelekileyo ze-SSRIs kunye ne-SNRIs
Intsha eninzi ayifumana nayiphi na imiphumo emibi xa ithatha i-SSRIs okanye i-SNRIs.
Kwaye imiphumo emibi ayenayo amaxesha amaninzi kwaye ihlala ihamba kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala unyango.
Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- Umlomo omile
- I sizathu
- Utywala
- Ukujuluka okukhulu
- Intloko
Ezinye iziphumo ezichaphazelekayo zingabandakanya:
- Ukuphelelwa kwesidlo
- Ukukhathala
- Ukutyunjwa
- Ukungabikho
- Utshintsho kwimisebenzi yesondo, njengokunciphisa umnqweno wesini, ukungasebenzi kwe-erectile, okanye ubunzima bokufikelela kwi-orgasm
Kubalulekile ukubika nayiphina imiphumo kumdlali wakho wengane. Ukuba elinye iyeza lisebenzisayo okanye liyabangela imiphumo emibi, umntwana wakho unokufuna ukutshintsha amayeza.
I-FDA Iingcebiso Nge-SSRIs kunye ne-SNRIs
I-FDA yakhupha isilumkiso ngo-2004 ukuba imishanguzo yokuxhatshazwayo, njengama-SSRI amaninzi kunye nee-SNRIs, eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuphatha uxhalaba olutsha, zinokunyusa iingcinga zokuzibulala nokuziphatha kwinani elincinci labantwana kunye nentsha.
Azikho ezizenzekelayo zokuzibulala ezichazwe kwizifundo ezibangele izilumkiso. Kodwa kwiimvavanyo zeclini, izinga lokuzibulala okanye ukuziphatha ngokuzibulala kwakuyi-4 ekhulwini kwizigulane ezithatha uxinzelelo, xa kuthelekiswa neepesenti ezi-2 zifumana indawo ye-placebo.
Ukujongana nale nkxalabo, isilumkiso sebhokisi emnyama yongezwa kwimimiselo. Abazali kunye nentsha bafundiswa malunga neengozi ezinobungozi kunye nentsha ihlolwe ngokusondeleyo kunye nokuqeshwa kwabantwana.
Ezinye iingcali ziye zagxeka ingqalelo ibhokisi ebomnyama ye-FDA. Abagxeki bayalumkisa abanye abantu abanakho ukufumana uncedo abaluncedo ngenxa yokoyika ukuba amayeza ayingozi. Ngenxa yoko, isilumkiso singabangela abazali ukuba bafumane uncedo kubantwana babo.
Amanye amayeza entsha
Nangona i-SSRIs kunye ne-SNRIs zixhaphakile kakhulu ekuphatheni ukuxhalaba kwintsha, ezinye iimiselo zingasetyenziswa.
I-Benzodiazepines inokumiselwa ukuba intsha ibe nexhala elikhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo unyango lwexesha elifutshane.
I-Benzodiazepines ayimfuneko ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yokuba ineengozi ezithile. Intsha ingakhula ixhomekeke kubo kwaye i-benzodiazepines ingasetyenziswa kakubi. Ukubambeka ngokukhawuleza kunokukhokelela ekubonakalisweni kweempawu okanye ukutshatyalaliswa.
Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha banokumisela amanye amayeza ukuba aphathe uxhalaba, njengama-antihistamines okanye ama-antipsychotics atypical.
Xa Ufuna Uncedo Lokukhathazeka
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zokuxhalaba, ezifana nokuxhalaba kwentlalo , ukuxhalaba , ukuxhalaba , ukuxhalabisa , kunye nokukhathazeka kwangemva kwesifo .
Kukho ezininzi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-phobias ezinokuchaphazela ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla.
Ukuxhalabisa kuya kuba yingxaki xa kuthinta intlalo yoluntu, umsebenzi okanye umsebenzi wezemfundo. Nazi imimiselo embalwa yexesha apho uxhalaba luba yingxaki:
- Umfana ucinga ukuba wonke umntu uhlala ekhangela. Uyala ukudla isidlo sasemini kwindawo yokutya kwaye ugwema ukuthetha eklasini.
- Umntwana osemncinci wasinda engozini yemoto eyayisondelene nayo ngokuhlwa kwamanzi. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva, uyaqhubeka enemibhozo yesibhozo kunye neefowuni. Uyenqaba ukungena kwimoto xa kunetha.
- Umntwana osemncinane uqalise ukuhlaselwa ngumsindo. Unenkxalabo yokuba uya kwenzeka xa esesikolweni. Uqale ukula ukuya esikolweni.
Ngokutsho kwe-Child Mind Institute, ama-80 ekhulwini kubantu abatsha abanenkxalabo abafumana unyango. Oku kubi ngenxa yokukhathazeka. Kwaye ngamanye amaxesha, olo unyango lubandakanya amayeza.
Ixesha lokuSebenzisa iMilisi yokuxhalabisa
Ukukhubazeka okusebenzayo kumgangatho ophakathi, i-American Academy of Child kunye ne-Adolescent Psychiatry incoma ukuyeka ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza.
Abaselula kunye nabazali babo bahlala befundiswa kwixhala kunye neendlela ezifanelekileyo zokulawula iimpawu. Zingathunyelwa kwakhona kwi-cognitive behavioral treatment. Ukuba ezo zicwangciso azisebenzi kakuhle ekunciphiseni ukukhubazeka, okanye ukuba umntwana usemodareyitha ukuba abe nexhala elikhulu, amayeza angasetyenziswa ukulawula iimpawu.
Njengawo onke amayeza, imiyalelo esetyenziselwa ukuphatha uxhalaba inobungozi. Ziyalelwe, nangona kunjalo, xa ugqirha okanye umfo-zincwadi ecinga iingenelo ezingaphezulu kwezo ngozi.
Indlela Yokunceda I-Anxious Teen Youth
Ukuba umntwana wakho okhulayo unenkxalabo, xela udokotela. Chaza iinkxalabo zakho uze ubuze malunga neendlela zokonyango. Nangona abanye oogqirha bonyango kunye nabahlengikazi baziva bekhululekile ukuchaza imishanguzo yokuxhatshazwa kwintsholongwane, abanye bangabhekisela kubantwana kwizifo zengqondo. Iingqondo zengcali ziphethe iingxaki zempilo yengqondo.
Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nokuxilongwa kwintsholongwane yakho okanye isicwangciso sonyango, funa uluvo lwesibini. Ukuthetha nomnye uchwephesha kunokukunceda ukuba wenze isigqibo malunga nendlela efanelekileyo yokusebenza.
Zisoloko uzifundisa malunga nayiphi na imithi umntwana ayithathayo. Funda izibonelelo, cela imibuzo, uthethe ugqirha kunye nekhemisti. Qaphela ukuthotyelwa kwakho kwentombazana ngokuthatha unyango. Qinisekisa ukuba uyayithatha njengoko imiselweyo. Ukunyuka kwesantya okanye ukuphindwa kabini kwiipilisi kunokuyingozi.
Yiya kwiindawo zokuqeshwa kwabantwana bakho. Thetha ugqirha malunga naluphi na uxhalaba onalo kwaye ufunde malunga nenkqubela yakho yeselula.
Imithombo:
I-American Academy Yomntwana & I-Adolescent Psychiatry: Iingxaki Zengqondo Zengane Nezingane Zengane: INgxenye II - Iindidi zeMithi.
Ukuxhalabisa kunye Nokunyanzeliswa kweMelika: Abantwana kunye nentsha.
I-Mind Mind Institute: Ingxelo yezeMpilo yengqondo yabantwana.
I-Garland JE, i-Kutcher S, i-Virani A, i-Elbe D. Ukuhlaziywa kokusetyenziswa kwe-SSRIs kunye ne-SNRIs kunye ne-Children kunye ne-Adolescents kwi-Clinical Practice. Umbhalo we-Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry . 2016; 25 (1): 4-10.
I-Kodish I, i-Rockhill C, i-Varley C. Pharmacotherapy yokuphazamiseka kwengxaki kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo. Iingxoxo kwi-Clinic Neuroscience . 2011; 13 (4): 439-452.