Amadoda nabasetyhini baneempembelelo ezahlukeneyo
Amadoda nabasetyhini abahlala kwiinkqubo zokuvuselela iziyobisi kunye neziyobisi ngexesha elipheleleyo kunyaka opheleleyo baneenjongo ezifaniyo zokwenza njalo, ngokutsho kwesifundo esitsha.
Abaphandi be-Kaiser Permanente Inkqubo yoNonophelo lwezoNyango e-Oakland, CA bahlule ngokucatshungulwa abafazi abangama-317 kunye namadoda angama-599 abengaphantsi kweenkqubo zokunwa ngotywala kunye neenkqubo zokunqanda iziyobisi , "ukuchonga iziganeko ezizimeleyo zokuhlala kunye nokuzaliswa komsebenzi." Iziphumo zazimangalisa.
Ingongelo yokulahlekelwa yimisebenzi yayiyiyona nto ibangela ukuba amadoda azalise iprogram yonyaka owodwa, ngoxa iimpembelelo zentsapho zazishukumisela ukuba abafazi bahlale unyaka opheleleyo, isifundo sifumane.
Nangona uphando oluphambili luhlolisise iziganeko zokulondoloza unyango kwiinkqubo zoluntu zotywala kunye neziyobisi , incinci iyaziwa malunga nezinto ezithintela ukugcinwa kwonyango kubantu abaphelelwe lixesha, "kubhala abalobi uJennifer Mertens noConstance Weisner. "Ngenxa yokuba kukho ubungqina obuninzi bokuthi izinto ezichaphazela ukugcinwa kwonyango zingahluka ngokwabelana ngesini, saqaphela ukuba isondo sichaza ngesini."
Amadoda ayengenako ukuhlala unyango ukuba babekho ngaphantsi kweengcebiso okanye izisongelo ezivela kubaqeshi babo. Oku kufunyaniswa kubonakala kubonisa ukuba ukungenelela okubandakanya ukuthatha inxaxheba ngabaqeshi kunokusebenza kwezinye iimeko.
Kuba amadoda, abanenjongo yokuyeka ngokupheleleyo iziyobisi okanye utywala nabo bandise amathuba abo okuhlala kwonyango.
Ngamanye amagama, abo bazinjongo zabo "ukumodareyitha" okanye abangazange bazibophezele ekubanjeni konke okusemthethweni babengenakukwazi ukuhlala kwiprogram ngonyaka opheleleyo.
Amadoda angaphezu kwama-40 ayengenako ukuzalisa unyango kunamadoda aselula. Ukuhlala okufutshane kuninzi kwabesilisa nabasetyhini ababexhomekeke kwizikhuthazo okanye i-cocaine kunye neengxaki zeziyobisi ezinzima, abalobi bathi.
Ukwahlukana kobulili
Amanqaku amancinci ayengachukumiswanga ngabo bonke abafazi. Abasetyhini babengenako ukuhlala unyango ukuba babetshatile kwaye bahlala kunye neqabane labo ngokutsho kwabaphandi. Uphando lufumanise ukuba abafazi base-Afrika nabamamerika babekho amathuba okuhlaya ngaphandle koonyana bezinye iintlanga.
"Phakathi kwabasetyhini, ukugcinwa kwemali kwakulindeleke ukuba kube nemali ephezulu, yohlobo lweentlanga ngaphandle kwe-Afrika yaseMerika, engasebenzi, esatshatileyo, kunye namaqondo angaphantsi kweengqondo zengqondo. ukungena unyango, kunye nokuzinqanda, "abalobi bathi.
Izinto Zengozi zokuLahla
"Ezi ziphumo zibalaselisa ukubaluleka kokuvavanya iinkalo zenkqubo yokwahlukana ngokwabelana ngesondo," kusho uMertens noWeisner. "Bakhuthaza nokuba izibonelelo zonyango ezinokuphucula ukugcinwa phakathi kwabantu abaqinisekisiwe, kubandakanywa ukuhanjiswa kwabaqashi, iinkonzo zengqondo, kunye neenkonzo ezinxulumene neziyobisi."
"Abantu abangena kunyango, kunye neentsapho kunye nabahlobo babo, banokuzuza ngokuziqonda ezo 'mingcipheko' ezinxulumene nokuphuma kunye nokucwangcisa ngokufanelekileyo," kusho uMertens.
Uphando lwapapashwa ngo-Oktobha 2000 edition of Alcoholism: Uphando lwezonyango kunye noPhando .