I-Methadone yile mveliso yokwenza i-opioid okanye iyeza, okuqhelekileyo enqunywe njengonyango kunye nendlela yokunciphisa ukulimala kwimeko yokusebenzisa i- opioid, ngokukodwa, ukunceda abantu banqobe umlutha we-heroin. I-painkiller enamandla, i-methadone ngamanye amaxesha imiselwe ukuba iphathe intlungu. Iimpembelelo eziphambili ze-methadone zikunciphisa iimpawu ze-heroin zokuyeka ukukhupha, zivimbele i-heroin kunye nezinye i-opiates ekuveliseni ukunyamezela nokunciphisa ubuhlungu beengqondo.
I-Methadone ingabonakala njengepilisi, ipowder, okanye i-liquide, kwaye ilawulwa ngokuqhelekileyo njengowomthamo womlomo olinganisiweyo ngendlela yesiraphu eluhlaza, okanye kwi-orange or sweet cherry drink. I-Methadose, i-formula ye-methadone entsha, iphindwe kabini kune-methadone, efuna ukuba i-dose encinci inikwe.
Kutheni usebenzisa iMethadone?
Kukho izizathu ezintathu ezibalulekileyo ukuba abantu abanomlutha we-heroin basebenzisa i-methadone-ukuyeka i-heroin, ukujamelana nentlungu, nokunciphisa ingozi ebangelwa yi-heroin ye-injection.
Njengoko unyango, i-methadone ayinakuyeka umlutha we-opioid; Kunoko, ithatha indawo ye heroin. Abantu abathatha i-methadone njengoko kumiselweyo basengumlutha kwi-opioids kumgangatho wenyama, njengoko i-methadone ibimbela i-opioid receptors kwingqondo edlalwa yi-heroin. Oku kumisa ukulangazelela abantu abavakalelwa ngokuba yi-heroin xa beyithatha kumaxabiso amakhulu ixesha elide kwaye bayiyeka ukugula ngenxa ye-heroin yokuhoxiswa.
I-Methadone yoLawulo lwezinhlungu
I-Methadone ngamanye amaxesha inokumiselwa ukuba ibuhlungu obukhulu okanye buhlungu obungapheliyo, njengentlungu edlalwa ngamanye amaxesha abantu abaphethwe ngumhlaza. Nangona kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuncedisa iintlungu, kukho izizathu zekliniki zokuthi i-methadone ingaba yinto efanelekileyo.
I-Methadone inokuba luncedo ekujonganeni nokukhathazeka kabuhlungu nangokwengqondo ngamanye amaxesha kubandezeleka ngabantu abanomdla kunye nezinye iimeko ezibuhlungu, kunye nentlungu ebonakalayo.
Njengoko abantu ababa ngumlutha kwi-heroin banamaqondo aphezulu eentlungu, ngenxa yeengxaki ezidlulileyo, i-methadone inokukunceda nokuthintela intlungu yomzwelo enokuba yinkxalabo xa ihoxiswa. Kukho intsebenziswano enokubakho kwiimpawu zomzimba zentlungu yomzwelo nangokwenyama, kwaye, njengokuba i-methadone iyanyamekela zombini iintlobo zentlungu, oku kunokuvumela abantu ukuba bazive "baqhelekileyo," baze baqhube ubomi babo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka intlungu engabangela ukuba bafune i-heroin.
Oku kuhambelana ne- self-medication hypothesis , eyona ngcamango ichaza ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ngokubhekiselele kubantu abaneengxaki ezingaphelelwanga okanye i-pathology-ngokomzekelo, intlungu engaphendulwanga okanye ingxaki engapheliyo yokuphazamiseka kwengcinezelo (PTSD). I-Heroin ingaba nefuthe lokuphazamisa iimpawu zezi zombini kwezi meko, ukwenza ubomi bube nzima. Ngaloo ndlela, ngokwe-self-medication hypothesis, abantu abasebenzisa i-heroin "bazinyango" zabo iintlungu okanye iimpawu ze-PTSD kunye ne-heroin, kwaye banokukwenza ngokuthe ngempumelelo nge-methadone.
Ukujongana Neengxaki Ezixhasayo
Njengoko i-methadone isebenza kuphela kwinqanaba lomzimba ukukhusela intlungu, iimvakalelo ezingathandekiyo, kunye neeminqweno, yinto ekhethekileyo yokwelashwa kwe-heroin. I-Methadone ayinakunceda ukujongana nesizathu senkxalabo enokuthi umntu abe nayo, kwaye, nangona ingakwazi ukuchukumisa imvakalelo, ayikwazi ukujongana nezizathu zeemvakalelo ezimbi umntu angazifumanayo, njengeentloni, ukwesaba, umsindo okanye ukuzisola . Ngako oko, kubalulekile ukuba xa ukhetha ukuthabatha i-methadone, ukuba ufumene indlela kwixesha elide ukujongana neemvakalelo ezinokubangela umlutha wakho.
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokwenza oku. Enye yezindlela eziqhelekileyo zokujongana neengxaki zakho zengxaki kukuba uthathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo yonyango, xa uzinzile kwi-methadone, kwaye ubomi bakho buzinzileyo kwaye abuyi kukhangela. Kukho na iindlela ezininzi zokwelapha eziye zaphuhliswa ukuphatha iimpawu zesifo sengqondo, okuquka unyango lokuziphatha, i -rapy-focusing-focused, unyango lwentsapho kunye nezobini zonyango. Unyango lunokunikezwa ngamnye, elinye kwiseshoni zonyango enye kunye nogqirha, wengqondo yengqondo, umcebisi, okanye omnye umqeqeshi wezempilo yengqondo, okanye ngamaqela abantu bonke asemagqabini ofanayo kunyango, kunye neenkqubo ezininzi zokhathalela unyango ziquka zombini unyango lweqela, kwiprogram yosuku lwesifo sengqondo, okanye inkqubo yokunyanga yokuhlala okanye yokuhlala.
Enye ingxaki enokuthi ilawulwe yi-heroin addiction yi-illness illness. Iingxaki zempilo yengqondo kubantu abasebenzisa i-heroin kwiintlungu zokuxinezeleka, ukuxhalabisa, ukukhathazeka kweengxaki, kunye neengxaki zokuxinwa kwangemva kwesoxinzelelo, kwiingxaki ezinzulu kodwa eziphathekayo ezifana ne-schizophrenia. Ezi meko zonyango zonyango zonke, unyango lwe-psychotherapy, okanye udibaniso lwababini, kwaye lunokuphucula kakhulu intlalo yabantu abasebenzisa i-heroin, kunye nokukwazi kwabo ukuhlangabezana ngaphandle kweziyobisi.
I-Methadone njengeNkqubo yokuNciphisa ukuHlaba
Izindlela zokunciphisa ukulimala iindlela zokunceda abantu abasebenzisa iziyobisi, ezifana ne- heroine , ngaphandle kokufuna ukuba bayeke isibisi. Esikhundleni sokugxila ekuphatheni umlutha, ukunciphisa ukulimala kugxininise ekunciphiseni ubungozi obubangelwa iindlela abantu abazisebenzisa ngayo iziyobisi. Ezi zibizi ziyakwenyama, ingqondo, okanye intlalo.
Iingozi eziphathekayo ezinokuvela kwi-heroin ukusetshenziswa, ngokukodwa ukusetyenziswa kwe-heroin ye-injection, zininzi. Ngokukodwa, ukujoba isilwanyana esinjenge heroin-ngokukodwa kwimihla ngemihla-kungonakalisa imithanjeni, kwaye ibenokubangela ukuba imiva iwele. Injecting inokukhokelela ekudluliseni izifo, ezifana ne-hepatitis kunye ne-HIV, ngokusebenzisa izalamano kunye nezixhobo kunye nabanye abasebenzisi beziyobisi. Ukusebenzisa kwakhona izixhobo, kunye nokujova iziyobisi ezingcolileyo kungakhokelela kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezifo kunye neetyhefu, ezingasongela ubomi.
Olunye utyhapha lwangempela ngokwenyama olwenzeka kwi heroin usetyenziso oludlulileyo . Xa i-heroin sele ijojowe, umzimba kufuneka ubhekane nemiphumo yesigqirha emzimbeni, ongabandakanya ukucotha ukuphefumula kunye nentliziyo yeyona ndawo apho umntu ewela engenakwazi. Le yindlela eqhelekileyo kubasebenzisi be-heroin ukuba bafe ngenxa yokugqithisa.
Nangona i-overdoses ingaphendulwa, ukusebenzisa i-naloxone yeziyobisi, oku kwenzeka kuphela ukuba umntu usebenzisa i-heroin unikwe izidakamizwa ngomnye umntu. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oku kuya kwenziwa nge-paramedic, ukuba i-ambulensi ibizwa ngexesha, nangona i-naloxone inokulawulwa ngumnye umntu, umhlobo, ilungu lentsapho okanye omnye uncedo lokuqala, ukuba banokufikelela kwisiza. Ngelishwa, ukuba umntu usebenzisa i-heroin yodwa, abanako ukubiza uncedo xa bengenalwazi, oku kuthetha ukuba ukugqithiswa kwezinto kungaphendulwa kuphela xa zifunyanwa ngexesha.
Ngenxa yokuba i-methadone ilawulwa ngokubanzi kwifom yomlomo kwikliniki ye-methadone kwaye ayidla ngokujojozwa, ingozi yokudlulisela i-HIV incitshiswa. Ngaloo ndlela i-methadone ithathwa njengendlela yokunciphisa intlungu.
Izinzuzo
I-Methadone inexesha elide kune heroin, ngoko kufuneka lithathwe kanye ngosuku. Oku kunokuba luncedo kakhulu kubantu abaye bathatha amaqondo amaninzi e-heroin ngosuku, ukufumana nokufaka injini kwi-dose elandelayo ye-heroin into ephambili yezinto zemihla ngemihla. Ngenxa yokuba amanqanaba e-methadone aphakamileyo kunye nokuhoxiswa kwe-heroin, kulula ukuba abantu baqhubeke kunye nezinye iinkalo zobomi babo.
Ngokubanzi, abantu abakwi-methadone bavame ukuphumelela ngokuyeka i-heroin kunezo ezingenayo imishanguzo. Abantu abayeka i-heroin ngaphandle kwe-methadone banakho amathuba okuphinda baphinde baphinde babe nomngcipheko ophezulu wokugqithisa ngokwexesha emva kokuziyeka okanye ukunciphisa umthamo wemihla ngemihla.
I-Methadone nayo ibonakala inenzuzo kwimpilo yokuzala, kuthelekiswa ne-heroin. Uphando lubonisa ukuphucula kwimiqathango yokuhamba kwimizi yabasetyhini abachaphazeleke kakubi yi-heroin addiction. Amadoda kwi-methadone anesibalo esincinci sembewu kunezo i-heroin.
Imiba
Nangona ukugcinwa kwe-methadone kunceda amawaka abantu ukuba bayeke i-heroin, isilwanyana esisimluthayo. Umlutha we heroin okanye enye i-opiate idluliselwa kwisicatshulwa esincinci. Abantu abaninzi bathatha i-methadone abayithandi ukuya kwiiklinikhi ze-methadone kwi-dose yabo yemihla ngemihla. Kodwa xa i-methadone inikwe umlutha wokusetyenziswa ekhaya, umngcipheko wokugqithisa kunye / okanye ukuthengisa izidakamizwa ngokungemthetho ukuthenga i-heroin kwanda.
Lo ngumzekelo omnye wobunzima obuqhubekayo kunye nokuthembela phakathi kwabaxhamli kunye nabaqeqeshi abafuna ukubanceda-umlutha kubonakala kunamandla anengqondo okwenza abantu bahlale besenza izinto zabo ukuze bafumane iziyobisi zabo, nokuba kuthetha ukuthengisa i-methadone ebanceda bayeke.
I-Methadone ayiyena yodwa imithi engakunceda ukuyeka i-heroin. Ezinye iindlela ziquka i-buprenorphine ne-Suboxone.
ILizwi
Isigqibo sokuthatha i-methadone ukukunceda ukuyeka i-heroin ngumntu kwaye uxhomekeka kwizinto eziliqela, kubandakanywa ukuba usebenzise ixesha elide kangakanani usebenzisa i-heroin, ukuba unzima kangakanani umlutha wakho, nokuba sele sele uzame ukuyeka ngaphandle kwe-methadone. Inokuxhomekeka nokuba usebenzisa heroin ngokutshaya okanye ngejoza. Ehlabathini elungileyo, uya kukwazi ukuyeka i-heroin ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokuphinda uphinde uhlawule, kwaye abanye abantu, ingakumbi abo basebenzisa i-heroin ngezikhathi ezithile kunye namaxabiso aphantsi, banako ukwenza oku. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uthabatha i-heroin ubuncinane kwiinyanga ezi-6 rhoqo, unokufumanisa kunzima ukuyeka.
Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela onokufumana uncedo ngayo nomyalelo ofanelekileyo. Yaye khumbula: Nangona i-methadone inokukunceda ukulawula uhlangothi lomzimba wakho, ukuze uzalise ukubuyiswa kwakho kuya kufuneka ufune inkxaso ukuze uncede ngengqondo yengqondo yakho.
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