Ukuqonda ukuxhamla kunye neengxaki ze-IED
Nangona ufumana ingqumbo kunye nobunzima bokulawula umsindo kunokuvela kwiintlobo zeengxaki zempilo yengqondo, kukho ingxaki enye kwiNcwadana yokuCatshulwa neSatisati yeMental Disorders, i-5 Edition (DSM-5) egxininisa ngqo kwingqumbo -Internet Dispersion Disorder (IED ).
Yiyiphi i-Dismittent Dispersion Disorder?
IED yintlupheko yempilo yengqondo ebonakala kuqala ebuntwaneni okanye ebuntwaneni kwaye iqulethwe kwezi zilandelayo:
- Iziqendu eziliqela zokungakwazi ukuchasa iimvakalelo ezinobundlobongela obangela izenzo ezinzima, ezifana nokuhlaselwa okanye ukutshabalalisa ipropati. Oku kunokubandakanya iziqwenga ezigwenxa ezingalimazi nabani na okanye nantoni na.
- Inqanaba lobudlova oboniswe ngethuba lezi ziqendu lixhomekeke kunoma yiphina inyathelo elaphambili kwesi siqendu.
- Ezi ziqwenga zingcono zilandelwa ngenye ingxaki, njengengxaki yomntu ongenamkhawulo okanye ukungavumelani kwabantu.
Akukho nto yaziwa malunga ne-IED; Nangona kunjalo, uphando olutshanje lubonisa ukuba naphakathi kwe-3 ukuya kwe-7% yabemi bonke abantu bangaphinda bahlakulele i-IED ngexesha elithile ebomini babo. IED nayo ifunyenwe ukuba ibonakale kusenokwenzeka ebomini bomntu, ngokuqhelekileyo ngexesha lokukhula. Kwakhona kubakho kunye nezinye iinkathazo zempilo yengqondo kwaye, njengokuba kunokulindela, kunokuphazamisa kakhulu ubomi bomntu.
Isizathu se-IED
Njengoko i-IED ingakwazi ukuphazamisa kakhulu ubudlelwane kunye nokuchaphazela kakubi umgangatho wobomi bomntu, abaphandi benempilo yengqondo baye bazama ukufumanisa imbangela yale ngxaki.
Enye indawo abaphandi abaye bajolisa ngayo kwiimeko ezibuhlungu , ngakumbi ezo zenzeka ebuntwaneni.
Ngokomzekelo, uphando oluthile lweqela elikhulu labantu abavela kulo lonke i-United States lijongene nolwalamano oluphakathi kokungcungcuthekiswa kwengxaki yomntwana kunye ne-IED.
Bafumanise ukuba ukufumana nje ukuphazamiseka komntwana kubonwe ukuba yinye yegalelo elinamandla kakhulu ekuphuhliseni i-IED ekukhuleni.
Enyanisweni, ingxaki yomntwana ngokwazo yayingcono ngakumbi kwi-IED kunokubangela ubunzima bokutshatyalaliswa ngokukrakra kunye ne- post-traumatic disorder disorder (PTSD). Ukongezelela, uphando lufumene ukuba ukuhlangabezana noxinzelelo lwabantwana, umzekelo, ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini, kwakujoliswe ngakumbi ekuphuhliseni i-IED.
Ukuqonda ukuxhamla phakathi koThutho lwaBantwana kunye ne-IED
Ubuntwa kubonakala kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphuhliseni kwethu. Yilapho sifunda ngobudlelwane obunobunye kunye nendlela yokuphatha kakuhle iimvakalelo zethu. Inkathazo yabantwana inokuphazamisa kakhulu eli liva, kwaye ngenxa yoko, abantu abanako ukufunda ngokwaneleyo indlela yokulawula iimvakalelo zabo okanye baxoxisane ngolwalamano oluthile. Ngenxa yoko, xa kuvela umsindo, abantu abanomlando wobuthathaka babantwana abanokwazi ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo loo mvakalelo, okubangelwa yimpembelelo enamandla kunye nokuziphatha okulimazayo.
Oku kuthetha, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba oku kusekelwe kwizifundo ezimbalwa nje. Kukho ezinye iinkcazelo. Ngokomzekelo, kunokwenzeka ukuba imiba yengqondo, njengokungakwazi ukulawula iimpembelelo ezithile, inokudlala.
Ukulimala kobuchopho buhlungu kungenzeka nakwixesha lokuxhatshazwa kwaye kunokukhokelela ubunzima ekulawuleni umsindo kunye nokuziphatha okubi.
Ukufumana Uncedo lwe-IED kunye ne-Childhood Trauma
Nangona okwangoku akukho zonyango ezilungiselelwe i-IED, zikhona unyango olukhoyo olujolise ekuphuculeni amandla okulawula iimvakalelo . Ngokukodwa unyango lwe-Dialectic behavior (DBT) lufunyenwe lusebenza kakhulu ekufundiseni abantu iindlela eziphilileyo zokulawula iimvakalelo zabo nokunciphisa ukuziphatha okubi.
Ukongezelela, kukho iindlela zonyango ezilungiselelwe ukuba abantwana bavelele kumava amanxeba, njengengxaki yokhathazeka kwengqondo (TF-CBT).
I-TF-CBT iyaqaphela ukuba ukunyamekela kwabantwana kungaphazamisa ukuphuhliswa kwengqondo kunye nokuzibandakanya, kwaye ngenxa yoko, kugxile ekuncediseni abantwana ukuba baqonde kakuhle iimvakalelo zabo kunye nobudlelwane obuhle. I-TF-CBT inokunceda abantwana bakwazi ukuphucula izakhono zomgaqo-mpawu ezikhuselekileyo ezibathintelayo ekuphuhliseni i-IED.
Ukufumana umgqirha obonelela nge-TF-CBT, kufuneka uqale ukhangele umntu ogqwesileyo kwaye unamava aphatha abantwana abaneentlungu. Unokwazi ukufumana olo ngcali kwiiwebhusayithi ezilungiselelwe ukudibanisa nababoneleli bonyango kwingingqi yakho. Ukongezelela ekuboneleleni ngezibonelelo kwiintsapho ezinomntwana ojongene nemiphumo yentlekele, iSiqithi saseSidran sinika ulwazi malunga nabagqirha abanokuzonyanga ngokunyanga abantwana abaye bavelelwa kwisiganeko esibuhlungu.
Ekugqibeleni, kunokuba luncedo ukuthetha nomfo wezifo zengqondo ngamachiza athile anceda ekulawuleni iimpembelelo ezinxulumene ne-IED.
Imithombo:
Umbutho wezeMpilo waseMelika (2000). I-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disabilities Disorders, u-4th Edition - Umbhalo wokuhlaziya. Washington, DC: Umbhali.
Nickerson, A., Aderka, IM, uBryant, RA, & Hofmann, SG (2012). Ubudlelwane phakathi kokungabikho komntwana kwintlungu kunye neengxaki zokuqhuma. Uphando lweengqondo, 197 , 128-134.
I-Coccaro, i-EF "I-Dismentent Dispersion Disorder." Ixesha leengqondo, iiNgxelo ezizodwa, ngoMatshi 25, 2015.
"Amaphukula ephambili kwiinguqulelo ze-DSM-IV-TR ukuya kwi-DSM-5." Umbutho we-Psychiatric Association (2013).