Abaphandi baye baqaphela ukuba izinto ezinjengeengcamango, iimvakalelo kunye nokulindela kunokuchaphazela imbono yethu yentlungu. Ukuba ulindele ukuba into ethile ibuhlungu, mhlawumbi iya kuba yingozi nakakhulu. Ukuba udidekile okanye ukwesaba, intlungu inokubonakala ibonakala ngakumbi kunokuba bekuya kwenzeka ukuba uzolile.
Ukuze sicacise ukuba kutheni iingqondo zethu zithintela iingcamango zentlungu, abaphandi uRonald Melzack kunye noPatrick Wall batyhila into eyaziwa ngokuba yi-control theory ekuqaleni kwawo-1960.
Le ngcamango ibonisa ukuba intambo yomgudu iqulethe "isango" elinesibindi sokuthi iibhloko zentlungu okanye zivumela ukuba ziqhubekele kwingqondo .
Ngokungafani nesango langempela, elivula kwaye livale ukuba kuvumeleke ukuba izinto zidlule, "isango" entanjeni yomgogodla usebenza ngokwahlukileyo phakathi kweentlobo zeefayili ezithwala iimpawu zentlungu. Ubunzima bokubonisa ukuhamba ngeemfayili ezincinci zivumelekile ukuba zidlule ngelixa izibonakaliso ezithunyelwa ngeemfubeni ezinkulu zeentambo zivaliwe. Isango lokulawula i-theory lisoloko lisetyenziselwa ukucacisa intlungu ye-phantom okanye engapheliyo.
Indlela yokuLawula iSango
Ukulandela ukulimala, iimpawu zentlungu zithunyelwa kwintambo yomgulane uze ufike kwiingqondo. UMelzack kunye neWall zibonisa ukuba ngaphambi kokuba ulwazi ludluliselwe kwingqondo, imiyalezo yeentlungu idibana "namasango omngcipheko" olawulayo ukuba le miqondiso ivumelekile ukuba idlulele kwi-ingqondo. Kwezinye iimeko, iimpawu zigqithiselwa ngokulula kwaye intlungu ibuhlungu kakhulu.
Kwamanye amaxesha, imiyalezo yentlungu iyancishiswa okanye iyakhuselwa ekufikeleleni kwengqondo.
Le ndlela yokubamba iqhosha iqhutyelwa kwiphondo lokuguqulwa komlenze womzimba. Zomabini ezincinci zentambo (iintlungu zentlungu) kunye nemibhobho emikhulu yeentambo (iifayili eziqhelekileyo zokuthintela, uxinzelelo kunye nezinye iinjongo zesikhumba) zombini zithwala ulwazi kwiinkalo ezimbini zepondo.
Ezi ndawo zimbini zikhona iiseli zokuhambisa ezithwala ulwazi malunga nomgudu womgogodla kumbilini okanye i-interneurons engavimbelayo eyekelela okanye ephazamise ukuhanjiswa kolwazi olunzulu.
Iifayili zobuhlungu ziphazamisa ukungena kwe-interneurons, ukuvumela ulwazi lwentlungu ukuba lufikelele kwingqondo. Imisebenzi enkulu yefiber, nangona kunjalo, iyakhupha i-neurons engavimbelayo, eyanciphisa ukuhanjiswa kolwazi lwentlungu. Xa kukho imisebenzi emikhulu yefiber xa kuthelekiswa nentlungu ye-fiber, abantu bavame ukuva ubunzima obukhulu.
UMelzack kunye neWall zibonisa ukuba le nkqubo ichaza ukuba kutheni sifuna ukutshiza ukulimala emva kokuba kwenzeke. Xa udibanisa i-shin kwisitulo okanye itafile, umzekelo, unokuyeka ukunqanda indawo elinzakeleyo ngexesha elincinane. Ukunyuka kolwazi oluqhelekileyo lokunxibelelana kwintliziyo kunceda ukukhusela umsebenzi we-fiber, ngoko ukunciphisa ukuqonda kweentlungu.
Isango lokulawula i-theory iphinda isetyenziswe ukucacisa ukuba kutheni ukucoca umzimba kunye nokuthintela kunokuba luncedo lobuchule bokulawula ubuhlungu ngexesha lokubeletha. Ngenxa yokuba umnxeba ukwandisa umsebenzi omkhulu wefiber, unomphumela wokuvimbela iimpawu zentlungu.
Iingxelo:
UMelzack R, & Wall Wall (1965). Iinkqubo zobuhlungu: inkolelo entsha. ISayensi (eNew York, NY), 150 (3699), 971-9 i-PMID: 5320816