Utywala luyakunciphisa iNkqubo yeHormone yoMzimba
Ama-hormone omzimba asebenza kunye kunye nenkqubo ehambelana kakuhle kunye neyinkimbinkimbi ukugcina sisempilweni kunye nokusebenza. Utywala lunokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo ye-hormone kwaye kubangele iziphumo ezinzulu zempilo.
IiHormone zisebenza njengabathunywa beekhemikhali ukulawula nokulungelelanisa imisebenzi yamathambo kunye namalungu omzimba. Xa i-hormone isebenzayo ngokufanelekileyo, ixabiso le-hormone likhutshwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye izicubu zomzimba ziphendula ngokuchanekileyo kuloo miyalezo.
Ukusela utywala kunokuphazamisa imisebenzi yeengqungquthela ezikhupha ama-hormone kunye nemisebenzi yamathambo ajoliswe ngama-hormone, anokubangela iingxaki zempilo.
Xa utywala luthintela ukuba inkqubo ye-hormone ikwazi ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo, inokuphazamisa le mi sebenzi ebalulekileyo yomzimba:
- Ukuveliswa, ukusetyenziswa, nokugcinwa kwamandla
- Ukuzaliswa
- Ukugcinwa kwengcinezelo yegazi kunye neethambo
- Ukukhula kunye nophuhliso
Ngokuphazamisa inkqubo ye-hormone, utywala lunokuphazamisa amanqanaba eshukela egazini, ukuphazamisa imisebenzi yokuzala, ukuphazamisa umonakalo we-calcium kunye nesithambo, ukuphazamisa indlala kunye nokutya, kunye nokwandisa umngcipheko we-osteoporosis.
Utywala Ukusetyenziswa kweMiqathango yeGazi yeShukela
Umthombo omkhulu wamandla kuzo zonke izicubu zomzimba ushukela. Umzimba ufumana i-glucose ekudleni, ukusuka kwi-synthesis emzimbeni, kunye nokuphuka kwe-glycogen egcinwe esibindi.
Amanqanaba eshukela egazi lomzimba alawulwa yi-insulin kunye ne-glucagon, ama-hormone afihliwe yi-pancreas.
Zisebenza kunye ukugcina ingxube yeglucose egazini. I-insulin inciphisa amazinga e-glucose, ngelixa i-glucagon iphakamisa.
Ezinye i-hormone ezivela kwiintlobo ze-adrenal kunye ne-pituitary gland iphinda iphinde isebenze i-glucagon ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-body's glucose level does not fall down enough to cause de fatigue, ukudlula okanye nokuba nomonakalo wengqondo.
Utywala lubaleka ngezinga le-glucose
Utywala luphazamisa yonke imithombo emithathu ye-glucose kwaye iphazamise ama-hormone alawula amazinga e-glucose. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokusetyenziswa kotywala kunokuchaphazela izinga le-glucose yomzimba:
- Ukunciphisa ukungenisa i-glucose ngokungadli kakuhle xa usela.
- Ukuvimbela umkhiqizo we-glucose ngelixa utywala lusetyenziswe.
- Ukungena kwemfihlo ye-insulin, okwenza i-hypoglycemia yesikhashana.
- Ukuphazamisa impendulo ye-hormonal kwi-hypoglycemia ngokusetyenziswa kogqirha.
Ubunzima bokuNxila obunzima buyandisa i-Glucose
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuphuza kakhulu, kunokunyusa izinga le-glucose yomzimba. Utywala:
- Ukunciphisa ukuphendula komzimba kwi-insulin.
- Yenza ukungahambisani ne-glucose.
- Ukwandisa ukugcinwa kwe-glucagon nezinye i-hormone eziphakamisa amanqanaba e-glucose.
- Ukuguqulwa kwempilisi yesifo sikashukela.
- Yenza zombini iziqholo zonyango lwe-hypoglycemic kunye ne-hyperglycemic kwizidakwa.
- Izindleko zokusinda eziphantsi zonxila abanesifo sikashukela.
Ucwaningo lufumene ukuba ukusela okungapheliyo kunokubangela ukunganyameli kwe-glucose kubantu abanobomi kunye notywala kunye ne-cirrhosis yesibindi.
Utywala Utyeshela Imisebenzi Yokuzala
Kukho amahomoni amaninzi emzimbeni olawula inkqubo yokuzala. Iimpomoni ezibini eziphambili - kunye neerrogens (umz. Testosterone) kunye ne-estrogens (umz. Estradiol) - zihlanganiswa kwiimvavanyo kunye namaqanda.
Ezi ihomoni zichaphazela imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yokuzala. Kubantu, banoxanduva loku:
- Ukukhula komzimba
- Uphuhliso lwezityalo kwaye ngoko kuvelisa
- Iimpawu zesenzo sokuziphatha ngokwesini
Kwimabhinqa, i-hormone yenza imisebenzi emininzi:
- Ukuphuhlisa impawu zesondo zesibini
- Uphuhliso lwesisu
- Ukusasazwa kweenwele zomzimba
- Ukulawula umjikelezo wesini
- Nceda uhlale ukhulelwe
Ukusela okungapheliyo kunokuphazamisa yonke le mi sebenzi. Utywala lunokuphazamisa ukusebenza okwaneleyo kwee-testes kunye nama-ovari kwaye kubangele ukusilela kwe-hormonal, ukungasebenzi kwezesondo kunye nokungabikho komntwana.
Ezinye zeengxaki zokusetyenziswa kotywala kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo ye-hormonal yamadoda kubandakanya:
- Amanqanaba e-testosterone anciphisa
- Ukwandiswa kwesisu
- Isakhiwo esivamile sesidoda
- Imisebenzi yokwabelana ngesondo kunye nokuzala
Abasetyhini bokuqala, ukuphuza ukuphuza okungapheliyo kunceda kwiinkalo ezininzi zokuzala, kuquka:
- Ukuyeka ukuya esikhathini
- Imizila engavumelekanga yokuya esikhathini
- Ukuhamba kwimizuzu ngaphandle kokuvuthwa
- Ukuqeda umva kwangaphambili
- Ingozi yokukhipha isisu
Nangona ubuninzi beengxaki ezizalwe ngasentla zifunyanwe kwabasetyhini abadakwa, ezinye zafunyanwa nakwabaseTyhini ababhekiweyo.
Utywala Ubuthakathaka I-Calcium Metabolism kunye neZakhiwo zeThambo
IiHormone zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni amanqanaba e-calcium emzimbeni, okufunekayo kungekhona kuphela amathambo anamandla namazinyo kodwa kunye nokuxhumana phakathi kwamaseli omzimba.
Amahomoni amaninzi - i-hormone ye-parathyroid (PTH), i-hormone e-vitamin D-derived, kunye ne-calcitonin-isebenze ukulawula ukunyuswa kwe-calcium, ukukhutshwa kunye nokusasazwa phakathi kwamathambo kunye namanzi omzimba.
Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala kungaphazamisa ama hormone kwaye ngoko i-calcium kunye nethambo ye-metabolism kunye nezindlela eziliqela:
- Yenza ukuba i-PTH ilahleke kwaye ikhulise i-calcium excretion
- Ukuphazamisa i-vitamin D metabolism
- Ukunciphisa okwaneleyo ukutyalwa kwe-calcium yokutya
- Ukuvimbela umsebenzi weeseli ezenza amathambo
- Ichaphazela kakubi i-bone metabolism ngokusebenzisa ukungaphumeleli kokutya
- Yenza i-hormone yokuzala, ifuthe i-bone metabolism
Zonke ezi zinto zingabangela ukusilela kwe-calcium engakhokelela kwizifo zethambo, njenge-osteoporosis, ukulahleka kwethambo lomzimba kwaye ngenxa yoko ingozi eyongeziweyo yeentambo.
Le yingozi enkulu yezempilo ngenxa yobunxila ngenxa yemingcipheko yokuwa kwamanzi kwaye ngoko aphule amathambo. Iindaba ezilungileyo iziphumo zifumene ukuba ukusetyenziswa kotywala kwi-bone metabolism kunye neeseli ezenziwe ngamathambo zibuyiselwa ngokukhawuleza xa izidakwa ziyeka ukusela.
Utywala landisa iiNqanaba zeCortisol
Abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kotywala kunokunyusa umkhiqizo womzimba we-cortisol , kungekuphela nje xa umntu esela, kodwa kamva xa umnxila ehoxisa kwimiphumo yokuxila.
Ngexesha elifutshane, i-cortisol inokunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukugxilwa kweengqalelo kunye nokuqwalasela, kodwa kwixesha elide linokuchaphazela kakubi imisebenzi yomzimba njengokwanda kwethambo, ukugaya, ukuzaliswa kunye nokulungiswa kwesilonda.
IHormone Inokuthintela Utywala-Ukufuna Ukuziphatha
Ukuphanda ngezilwanyana zebhoratri kuye kwabonisa ukuba utywala lunokuchaphazela iindlela ezibangelwa ukuziphatha kakubi kotywala. Iingcali zenzululwazi zikholelwa ukuba ukuziphatha okuphuza utywala kulawulwa yinxalenye yenkqubo ye-renin-angiotensin, eyayilawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye neetyuwa kwigazi.
Uphando luqhubeka lubonisa indlela ukusebenzisana kotywala kunye nale nkqubo ye-hormone kunokuba negalelo ekutshatyalazweni kwegazi ekudleni utywala obuninzi.
Imithombo:
I-Adinoff, B, ne-al. "Ukunyuka kweCortisol yeSalivary Increations During the Alcohol Inxinxual Alcohol in the Clinic Sample of Men." Utywala: Uphando lwezonyango kunye novavanyo lukaSeptemba 2003.
ISizwe lesiZwe malunga nokuTywala kotywala nokuNxila. "Utywala kunye neHormones." Utywala Lwazisa ngo- Oktobha 1994