Xa Ukubheja Kuba Umlutha
Yintoni yokuGembula kwePathological?
Ukuncakaza ngcakazo, eyaziwa ngokuba ngumdlalo wokugembula, ukungcakaza ngongcakazo, ukungcakaza ngongcakazo, okanye ukungcakaza komngcipheko kubandakanya iimeko eziphathekayo zokugembula eziqhubekayo, nangona ziphumo ezimbi. Oku kuyahambelana neendlela zokuziphatha ezigcinwe kwezinye izilingo.
Ingxaki yokuGembula okwangoku kuphela ukulutha kokuziphatha okubandakanyiweyo kwiNcwadana yokuHlola kunye neSatistim of Disabilities (DSM 5).
Ngaphambili, ukuGembula okuPhezulu kwahlelwa njenge "Impulse Control Disorder," apho "into ebalulekileyo ukuhluleka ukumelana nomtsalane, ukuqhuba okanye isilingo sokwenza isenzo esiyingozi kumntu okanye kwabanye" (iphe. 609, iDSM -IV, uMbutho wezeMpilo waseMerika, ngo-1994). Ingcaka yokuGembula ibizwe ngokuba yiNgcakazo yokuGembula, kwaye yafudukela kwinqanaba elitsha, i-Addiction kunye neengxaki ezichaphazelekayo kwi-DSM 5. Njengoko ingxaki yokugembula iye yaziwa ngokugqithiseleyo, unyango lweengxaki zokugembula luye lwawela kwiindawo zokuncedisa umlutha.
Akukho konke ukuGembula kuyingozi
Akunabo bonke abadlala ingcaka abanobugqwetha abanomdlavuza, abaqinileyo okanye abanengxaki yokugembula. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokugembula . Ukungcakaza ngentsholongwane kubonakaliswe ngu:
- Ukukhathazeka ngokugembula
- Ubunzima bokulawula ukugembula, kunye nemigudu engaphumeleli yokuyeka
- Imiphumo emibi, njengokwenzakala kweentsapho kunye nomsebenzi, nokuxoka ngamanqanaba okubandakanyeka kokugembula
- Ingxaki zezemali ngenxa yokugembula, ukugembula ngemali ekhulayo yokuphumeza ukuzonwabisa kunye nokweba imali yokuxhasa ukugembula.
- Ukulahlekelwa ilahleko
Imali ibaluleke kakhulu kumava okugembula. Abantu abanomdla wokugembula, njengabanye abantu, banamathisele iimpawu ezininzi ezilungileyo kwimali, njengamandla, induduzo, ukhuseleko kunye nenkululeko.
Ngokungafani nabanye abantu, bahluleka ukuqaphela ukuba ukugembula kubeka ingozi yokulahlekelwa zonke ezi zinto kunye nokuba ukugembula kuyinkqubo engalindelekanga, apho iingxaki zixhomekeke kubo, ngoko banokuthi balahlekelwe ngaphezu kokuphumelela. Ngaphezu koko, xa beyiphumelela, abantu abanomdla wokugembula banamdla ngokukhawuleza.
UkuNgcakazela
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuziphatha zokugembula, ezinokuthi zibandakanyeke okanye zodwa kwiindawo zentlalo. Eminye imizekelo yokuziphatha kwezokugembula yile:
- Imidlalo yekhadi, njenge-poker
- Ukubheja kwiimidlalo zobuchule
- Ukubheja kwezemidlalo
- Bingo
- Lottery
- U matshini, ii-VLTs
- ICasino
- Scratchcards, vula ivule okanye udibanise ithikithi
- Raffles
Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo
Ukugembula kuyindlela engasebenziyo kwaye engenakuthenjwa yokufumana imali. Ukuze umntu abe ngumlutha wokugembula, iinkcukacha zawo okanye iinkqubo zokucinga zifanele ziphazamiseke ukuya kwinqanaba apho inyaniso yeyona nto ivela kuyo.
Iintlobo Ezilishumi zokuHlukana kwengqondo
Iingcamango ezininzi zengcakazo zengcaka ziphosakele ngeendlela ezilandelayo:
Isibhengezo - Ingxaki yokugembula ingakholelwa ukuba ukuphumelela kwabo kubangelwa yimiphumo yabo kwaye kungekhona ngokulandelelana.
Ukucinga ngemilingo - Ingxaki yokugembula ingakholelwa ukuba ukucinga okanye ukuthemba ngandlela-thile kuyakuza kuphumelela okanye ukuba iziphumo ezingalindelekanga zingaqikelelwa.
Basenokukholelwa ukuba zizodwa ngandlela-thile kwaye ukuba olukhethekileyo luya kuvuzwa ngokuphumelela.
Izinkolelo- ngxaki Ingxaki yokugembula ingakholelwa ukuba izintshuzelo ezinenhlanhla, iimpahla ezithile zembatho, iindlela zokuhlala, njl., Zingabangela ukunqoba okanye ukulahleka.
Iinkqubo - Ingxaki yokugembula ingakholelwa ukuba ngokufunda okanye ukucinga inkqubo ethile (umzekelo wokubheja ngendlela ethile), inzuzo yendlu inganqotshwa. Nangona abatshali bezcakazo bebanokukwazi ukuqikelela ukuhlawula kunye nobuchwepheshe bokuqala, obuxhomekeka kwiipateni ezihlawulwayo zokuhlawula, oku kufuna iiyure ezininzi zokuqwalasela ngenyameko, kwaye umatshini uhlala egcinwa ngaphezu kokuhlawulwa.
Ukwanda kwekhompyutheni yoomatshini wokugembula kuqinisekisile ukuba iinqunto ngoku ziyi-random, ngoko ke akunakwenzeka ukuqikelela ukuhlawula, kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, isacatshulwa kakhulu ngenxa "yendlu."
Ukukhumbula okukhethiweyo - Inkathazo yokugembula iyakuthi ikhumbule iimpumelelo zawo kwaye ibale okanye idibanise ngenxa yelahleko zabo.
Ukuxhamla kwesoxhobo sokugembula - Iingxaki zengcakaza ngamanye amaxesha zibonisa iimpawu zomntu kwizinto ezingapheliyo, eziyingxenye yenkqubo yokugembula, becinga ukuba umatshini othile uyabagweba, avuze okanye ahlekise.
Ephantse kukukholelwa iinkolelo - Iingxaki zengcaka zinciphisa inani lokulahlekelwa ngamava engqondweni yabo ngokucinga ukuba "phantse" iphumelele. Oku kulungele ukuzama ukuzama ukunqoba. Ephantse ukuphosoka kunokubanokukhuthaza, okanye ngakumbi ukuvuselela, kunokugqithisa.
Ukulahlekelwa ilahleko - Ingxaki yokugembula inkolelo yokuba ayizange ilahlekelwe yimali ekungcakazelweni, kodwa ukuba "inokubuyiselwa emuva" ngokukhawulwa kwengcakaza.
Uninzi lwezi zinto eziphazamisayo zikhokelela kwiipatheni zokuziphatha eziqhelekileyo, eziyimpawu zokulahla.
Ukuphikisana koMngcipheko wokuGembula
Njengezinye izilingo zokuziphatha, ukugqweswa kwezokugembula kuyingcamango. Iingcali ezininzi zithemba ukuba ukugembula kungabangela umlutha, kukholelwa ukuba kufuneka kubekho isicatshulwa esisisigxina esenza izibonakaliso, ezifana nokunyamezela ngokomzimba kunye nokuhoxiswa, kuba umsebenzi ube ngumlutha wenene.
Ukugembula, nangona kunjalo, ngowona mhle kakhulu omelele ukuziphatha okubi kwiinkcukacha zophando kunye neenkonzo zonyango; Ngenxa yoko, ukugembula kwengcambu kunokholo kakhulu phakathi kwezilingo zokuziphatha.
Oku kungenxa yongeniso lwezezimali kumashishini omngcakazo, onomnikelo omncinane xa kuthelekiswa neenzuzo ezinkulu kodwa zithatha kakhulu i-finance yophando okanye unyango lwaluphi na umlutha wokuziphatha. Nangona le nkxaso-mali ikhulise ngokubanzi ulwazi loluntu malunga neengxaki zokugembula kunye neenkonzo zonyango, ingxabano enokubakho kwemali xa ivela kwimvelaphi eyenza inzuzo ekungcaka ngcakazo ibonakala.
Imithombo:
Umbutho wezeMpilo waseMerika. I-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disabilities (4th Ed.) EWashington, DC: uMbutho wezeMpilo waseMerika. 1994.
Umbutho wezeMpilo waseMerika. I-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual yeengxaki zeengqondo i-DSM-5. IWashington, DC: UMbutho wezeMpilo waseMerika. 2013.
I-Davis Consulting ye-British Columbia Inkqubo YokuGembula Inkqubo. "Ingxaki yokuNgcakaza iNgcaciso yokuGembula: iNqanaba 1" UVancouver, BC. 2001.
Orford, J. "Izicelo ezixakekayo: Iimbono zeZengqondo zeMilo." (Uluhlu lwesiBini). Chichester: Wiley. 2001.