Xa iinjongo kunye nezikhuthazo zi malunga nokutya nje
Xa unesifo sokutya esinjenge-anorexia, i-bulimia okanye i-binge-ingxaki yokutya, akuqhelekanga ukuba ube neminye inkalo yempilo yengqondo. Ezi ngxaki zingabandakanya (kodwa azikhawulelwanga) ukuxinezeleka, ingxaki yokukhathazeka jikelele, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo emva kokuphazamiseka , kunye nengxaki yokunyanzelisa.
Enyanisweni, uphando lubonisa ukuba malunga nesibini kwisithathu sabantu abaneengxaki zokutya nabo banengxaki yokukhathazeka.
Kule ndawo, eyona nto ixhaphakileyo ingxaki yokunyanzelisa, okanye i-OCD. Enyanisweni, ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba kwabasetyhini abane-anorexia nervosa, izinga le-OCD liphakathi kwama-25% kunye no-69%, kunye nabafazi abane-bulimia nervosa, phakathi kwama-25% kunye nama-36%.
Yintoni EyiNtloko-Ingxaki Yokunyanzelisa?
Njengoko igama layo lithetha ukuba, abantu abahluphekayo ngenxa yokugula okunyanzelekileyo bayabambana kunye nokunyanzelisa okanye ukunyanzeliswa, okanye (ngokuqhelekileyo) kokubili.
Ukuqwalasela kukuyixesha eliqhelekileyo kunye neengcamango eziqhelekileyo. Bahlala ebomini bakho bemihla ngemihla, kwaye abanokungafanelekanga (umzekelo, abanye abantu banesifiso socansi). Ezi zintlungu zidala ukubandezeleka nokuxhalabisa.
Iingcamango azikho nje iingxakini malunga neengxaki zobomi beyona nto (nangona zingabandakanya ukuguquguquka kweengxaki zengxaki zangempela). Umntu ochaphazelekayo uzama ukungahoywa, ukucima okanye ukuyeka iingcamango ngokwenza esinye isenzo okanye ucinga-ukunyanzeliswa.
Iziphoso ziphinda ziphathe ngokuphindaphindiweyo okanye izenzo zengqondo ezenziwa ngokuphendula. Ukunyanzeliswa okuqhelekileyo kwenziwa njengento yokuhlamba izandla, ukuhlola rhoqo (ukujonga ukuba umnyango uvalelwe okanye umbane uphelile, umzekelo, ukuthandaza, ukubala, okanye ukuphinda amagama. Nangona injongo yalezi zenzo kukunciphisa uxhalaba kunye nokuxhalaba, zigqithiseleyo.
Abantu abajongene nale miqobo kunye nokunyanzeliswa baqaphele ukuba iingcamango nezenzo zigqithise kwaye zingenangqiqo. Nangona kunjalo, ukunyanzeliswa kunye nokunyanzeliswa kuyaqhubeka nokubangela uxinzelelo kwaye kuthathe ixesha elithile. Oku kuphazamisa isimiso esivamile sesifo kwaye kungabangela iingxaki emsebenzini, kwisikolo kunye / okanye ubudlelwane.
Abanye bam bathengi bandibuza: Ngeliphi iphuzu into ethile ewela umgca ube ngumsebenzi wokunyanzela? Akukho zikhokelo ezicacileyo malunga nokuba kaninzi kangakanani na ukucinga okanye isenzo kufuneka senzeke ukwenzela ukuba uthathelwe ingqalelo ekunyanzelekeni, kodwa unokuzibuza umbuzo othi, "Ngaba ihamba ngendlela yobomi bam?" njengendawo yokuqala ukugqiba ukuba ngaba kuyinkinga kuwe.
Umzekelo, ukuhlamba izandla ngumsebenzi esikukhuthazwa ukuba senze ukuze sihlale thina kunye nabanye bahlambulukile kwaye banempilo. Kodwa xa ukuhlamba izandla kudla ixesha elide ukuba izandla ziqale ukuphuma ngegazi, okanye ukuba umntu akakwazi ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi, oko kube yinkinga.
I-OCD ihambelana njani neengxaki zokutya?
Bobabini abantu abaneengxaki zokutya kunye nabantu abane-OCD baneengcamango ezintle kunye nezenzo zokunyanzelisa. Kodwa kulabo bantu banomdla wokutya kuphela, ezi zinto zinyanzeliso kunye nokunyanzeliswa zixhomekeke kwiingcamango nezenzo ezinxulumene nokutya kunye / okanye ubunzima.
Xa umntu onesifo sokutya esidliwayo enesifo kunye nokunyanzeliswa malunga nezinye iindawo zobomi babo, banokuba nazo iimpawu ze-OCD.
Ngokuthakazelisayo, uphando olwenziwa ngo-2003 lwafumanisa ukuba abafazi abafumana i-OCD ebuntwaneni basengozini enkulu yokuphucula ingxaki yokutya kamva ebomini.
Oku kuthintela njani unyango?
Naliphi na ixesha apho umntu efumana iimpawu zeemeko ezingaphezu kweyodwa, kunokunyanzelisa unyango. Ngethamsanqa, kukho unyango olufanelekileyo kwiintlobo zokutya kunye ne-OCD. Ukukhathazeka okugqithisileyo ngokuqhelekileyo kugqithiselwa ngamachiza kunye / okanye ingqondo yengqondo.
I-ctnitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) ifunyenwe yonyango olululo kwi-OCD kunye neengxaki zokutya. Kwi-CBT, abathengi bafundiswa indlela yokubona iingcamango ezingenanto okanye ezingenakuchukumisayo, kwaye batshintshe indlela abasabela ngayo okanye abaphendule ngayo.
Ukukhuselwa kunye nokuthintela impendulo (ERP) yenye uhlobo lwe-psychotherapy oluye lwaboniswa ukuba luncedo ekuphatheni i-OCD. Njengoko igama layo lithetha, ugqirha osebenzisa i-ERP uza kutyhila umxhasi ukuba axakeke okanye afune ukuphazamiseka kweemeko, aze asebenze kunye nabaxhasi ukuba abathintele ekubandakanyekeni nakuphi na uhlobo lokuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo.
Ngokomzekelo, ukuba umntu unenkathazo yokuhlamba izandla, umculi we-ERP angasebenza kunye nomxhasi ukuba ahambe ixesha elide ngaphandle kokuhlamba izandla zakhe konke, okanye ukusebenzisa indlu yokuphumla aze ahambe ngaphandle kokuhlamba izandla.
Oku kunene kakhulu kufana noko abantu abaninzi abaye bafumana kulo unyango kunye nokubuyiselwa kwiintlungu zabo zokutya. Ngokomzekelo, umntu ophethe i-anorexia okanye i-bulimia amava kakhulu xa edla ukutya. Nangona yena unokuba unxusa ukuba asebenzise, ahlambulule okanye anqande emva kokutya, iqela loonyango lisebenza kunye naye ukukhusela oku kuvela. Kwinqanaba eliphezulu lokunyamekela, njengeziko lokuhlala esibhedlele okanye unyango lokuhlala, unokuthintelwa ukuba angabambeli kwezo zinto.
Ngethamsanqa, abaninzi abachaphazelekayo abasebenzelana nokuphazamiseka kokutya bayaqhelana nokunyangwa kweminye imimiselo eqhelekileyo kunye nabo. Kodwa ukuba ugqirha wakho awukwazi ukuphatha i-OCD yakho, ngamanye amaxesha abantu baya kubona iiphilisi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo, ngamnye ejolise kwiimpawu ezithile ezizodwa.
Imithombo:
Umbutho wezeMpilo waseMerika. (2000). Incwadana yokuxilonga kunye neenkcukacha zeengxaki zeengqondo (4th ed., Umbhalo wokuhlaziya). Washington, DC: Umbhali.
Anderluh, MB, Tchanturia, K., Rabe-Hesketh, S., & Treasure, J., (2003). Ubomi obunzima-obunyanzelekileyo buntombi kubafazi abadala abadala abaneengxaki zokutya: Ukuchaza intsingiselo enkulu yokutya. I-American Journal ye-Psychiatry, 160 (2), 242-247.
Fairburn, CG (2008). Iingxaki zengqondo kunye neengxaki zokutya . ENew York, NY: Guilford Press.
Kaye, WH, Bulik, CM, Thornton, L., Barbarich, N., Masters, K. (2004). Ukuxhatshazwa koxinzelelo lwexhala kunye ne-anorexia kunye ne-bulimia. I-American Journal ye-Psychiatry, 161 (12), 2215-2221.