Enye yeengongoma eziyingozi kunye neyingozi malunga nokuphazamiseka kokutya kukuba abazali (ikakhulukazi oomama) baxanduva lokuphuhliswa kokugula. Le ngcamango iyingozi ngoba inokubangela ukuba abazali batyhale kwaye bazinyame xa amandla abo angasetyenziselwa ukukhuthaza nokunceda umntwana ukuba abuyele. Uninzi lweengcali zonyango zikholelwa ukuba abazali bayingxenye yeso sizathu kwaye ngenxa yoko babakhuphela ngaphandle kwinkqubo yokonyango.
Ukuxhatshazwa kwabazali ngeengxaki zokutya
Ngokomlando, ngezinye iinkcukacha abaqeqeshi baye bathi ukukhathazeka kwengqondo okungenakuqondakalayo kwimiba engekho kakuhle. "Umama we-schizophrenogenic" wayekholelwa ukuba wenza i-schizophrenia kunye "noomama befriji" babetyala ngokuba yi-autism. Sivele sifunde ukuba i-schizophrenia ne-autism zibangelwa kakhulu yimfuza. Kuyafana noko ukutya kokuphazamiseka. Nangona ngoku kwaziwa ngokubanzi ukuba ukuphazamiseka kwezidalwa kubangelwa yimibandela eyinkimbinkimbi, abazali ababetyala ngenxa yokukhathazeka kokutya bayaphikelela.
Usolo lwabazali ngokuphazamiseka kokutya lunomlando omde kwaye lubuyele ekuqaleni kwee-1900 xa uSir William Gull, obizwa ngokuba yi-anorexia nervosa, wabhala ukuba abazali "babelindileyo kakhulu." Ngama-1960, uSalvador Minuchin wavelisa imodeli yentsapho yengqondo, eyayibeka isohlwayo nge-anorexia kwiinkqubo zentsapho ezingasebenziyo ezibonakaliswe ngokunyaniseka kunye ne-enmeshment.
Nangona kunjalo, uphando aluzange luxhase le ngcamango. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba iMinuchin yayijonge iintsapho emva kokuba umntwana egule kwaye ngoko ubuhlobo babonakala buyinto engasebenziyo kwizinto ezigulayo kwintsapho. Abazali abangabangeli ukuphazamiseka kokutya ngaphezu kokuba babangela ingxaki yokunyanzelisa i-OCD) okanye nayiphi na enye ingxaki.
Ngoku siyaqonda ukuba ukuphazamiseka kokutya kukhula kwiimeko ezininzi zeentsapho kwaye akukho nhlobo yentsapho okanye uhlobo lweentsapho olusebenzayo olubangela ukuphazamiseka kokutya.
Ubu bungqina buxhasa ukuba ukuphazamiseka kokutya kuqhutyelwa kwiintsapho, kodwa ukuzala-kungekhona ukunyamekela-kubangelwa yinto yokugweba. Uphando olutsha luye lwabonisa ukuba iintsapho zinokuba luncedo kakhulu kunyango lweengxaki zokutya kwaye akufanele zifakwe rhoqo. UCynthia Bulik, Ph.D., FAED, kwiNgxowa-kaZwelonke yeZiko lezeMpilo wathi, "Into esiyazi ngayo ekukhathazeni ukutya kukuba iindwendwe zihlala zizintlonelo zethu zokunyanga.
Indlela Iintsapho Zinceda Ngayo Ukubuyiswa
Azingabangeli iziphazamiso. Ziyabambisana bethu ekubuyiseni. Ngumsebenzi wethu ukubanceda bawanike iprogram malunga noko kufuneka bakwenze ukuze babe ngamaqabane ekubuyiseleni. "
Ngo-2009, i-Academy for Disorders Disorders ikhuphe iPhepha lePhepha kwiNdima yoLuntu kwiZingxaki zokutya: "Siyindawo yethu yokuba iintsapho zibandakanyeke rhoqo kwiinkatho zabaselula abasenkingeni yokutya. Ngokuchanekileyo ukuba ukubandakanyeka okunjalo kufuneka kulungiswe njani, kwaye indlela eya kuba luncedo ngayo iyakuhluka ukusuka kwintsapho ukuya kwintsapho. "
Uphando ngomzekelo othile wonyango, unyango olusekelwe kwintsapho (FBT) lwe-anorexia osemtsha, uye wabonisa ukuba iintsapho zinokudlala indima ephambili ekwenzeni abantu abaselula abaneengxaki zokutya.
Kwi-FBT umgqirha unika amandla kwaye uququzelela intsapho ukunceda umntwana abuyele. Abazali be-FBT bayinxalenye yecandelo lokonyango. Baya kwiiseshini kunye nomntwana kwaye banomsebenzi wokubonelela ukutya okufanelekileyo ukuba umntu abuyele. Basebenzisa isakhiwo kunye naluphi na umgangatho kufuneka bafumane umxhasi ekuziphatheni ezifanelekileyo kunye nesisindo esifanelekileyo.
Kwixesha elidlulileyo, abazali bahlala behlala kwinqanaba elincinane.
Baye badla ngokukhuthazwa ukuba bangabandakanyeki kwimfazwe yokulawula kunye "nomntwana wabo ngamnye" ngokuzama ukunyanzela ukuba umntwana angayidla.
Nangona kunjalo, oku akusayi kuqwalaselwa kakuhle. Kwabantwana abaselula kunye nabaselula abangabikho kwi-FBT esemthethweni, abazali banokunika inkxaso, bancede ngokutya, kwaye kufuneka bafakwe kwizigqibo zonyango ngaphandle kokuba kukho isizathu esithile sokuba bafanele baxhomeke. Abazali banokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqaliseni kwangoko kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwengxaki . Mhlawumbi iingqinisiso ezinkulu zeFBT ziza kuba ngabazali abahlukumezayo. Nangona kunjalo, uphando ngokubanzi kwi-FBT lubonise ukuba ezininzi iintlobo zeentsapho zingabandakanyeka ekuphumeni ngendlela enhle.
Kanye njengokuba iintsapho zinokunceda abantu baphumele kwisifo sokutya, iintsapho ziyakwazi ukugxininiswa kwaye ziqhubeke nokugula kokugula xa sele iqalile. Uphando e-United Kingdom nguJanet Treasure, i-OBE Ph.D. I-FRCP FRCPsych, igxile kwiindlela zokuba ngumzali kunye nendlela iintsapho ezinokudityaniswa ngayo kunye nokunyanzelwa ngumbandela wokunyamekela umntu onenkinga yokutya. Uphando lwakhe lubonisa ukubaluleka kweengcali zonyango kunye nokubonelela ngemfundo nenkxaso kwiintsapho ukwenzela ukuba zikwazi ukuphumelela ekuncedeni othandekayo wabo ukuba abuyele.
Ukuba ungumzali okanye ilungu lentsapho yomntu onenkathazo yokutya, musa ukunyamezela okanye ukhala: uququzelele . Imindeni ixhotyiswa kunye neNkxaso yeZonyango zokuPhalaliswa kweZidlo (FEAST) inikeza inani lemithombo yamalungu entsapho kunye nabazali balabo abaneengxaki zokutya.
> Inkomba:
> Bulik, C., i-Academy yokukhathazeka kokutya, iMindeni enegunya kunye neNkxaso yokuXhaswa kwezidlo zokutya, uMbutho weSizwe we-Anorexia Nervosa kunye neziNxulumano eziManyeneyo, uMbutho weSizwe wokuXhatsha kweZityalo, uMbutho weZizwe eziManyeneyo weZinga lokuHlezeka kweziThutho, iTrans Folx Ukulwa neengxaki zokutya. (2015). Iinyaniso ezi-9 malunga neengxaki zokutya [iNcwadana].