Abaninzi abasetyhini bafumana ukutshabalaliswa kotywala nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ngokuthatha isigqibo sokutshintshela izilingo zabo zokuphila ezintsha. Ngokuchasene neenkolelo eziqhelekileyo, abanye abafazi abaphulukisayo kwizidakamizwa notywala abanokwenza njalo kubantwana babo okanye ngenxa yokuba "bavuke" ngeengxaki zabo, ngokutsho kwincwadana encinci yexesha elide labasetyhini.
La mabhinqa - amaninzi kuwo angaphezu kweminyaka engama-35 kwaye abambe iqondo lekholeji-athathe indima ebalulekileyo ekunqobeni ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi, ukutshintsha ezo zilingo ngeendlela zokuphila ezintsha ezibandakanya isikolo, umsebenzi, inkonzo yoluntu kunye nokuzivocavoca umzimba.
Abafazi bajongene neengxaki ezahlukeneyo
Abasetyhini bahamba ngokukhawuleza kwimiba yokuxhaphaza izidakamizwa eUnited States: malunga nezigidi ezi-2.7 zaseMerika abafazi basebenzisa kakubi utywala okanye iziyobisi, okanye enye kwikota yabo bonke abahlukumezi, ngokubhekiselele kwiCandelo leZiko loLawulo lokuSetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi. Kodwa kukho uphando oluthile kumabhinqa amabali malunga nendlela abayifumana ngayo ukutshaya iziyobisi kunye notywala, ngokwe-Ohio University of Socialist Judith Grant.
UGrant, unjingalwazi oyintsimi-nkonzo, uchithe iminyaka emithathu kwintlangano engekho inzuzo eCanada, apho wayesebenza njengomphandi kunye nootitshala abangaphezu kwama-300 abagqwetha abasetyhini ababhalise kwinkqubo yokubuyisela. Uninzi lwabafazi bajamelana nemingeni eyahlukeneyo kunokuba baxhatshazwe ngamadoda kwaye baceba iindlela ezizodwa zokunqoba ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi , uGrant uthe.
Izizathu Ezibhalwe Ukukhusela Izidakamizwa
Ukubhalwa kwamabali abo, i-sociologist yathintana nabafazi abangama-12 baseKhanada kunye nabasetyhini aba-14 base-Ohio abaye basebenzisa iziyobisi kunye notywala ngeenyanga ezili-18. Wanikela iziphumo zokuqala kwi-American Society of Criminology e-Chicago.
"Nangona esi sifundo singenakubonakalisa bonke abantu ababethathaka, kubonisa ukuba ezinye zezifundo zangaphambili zikwazi ukubuyisela ukubuyiswa komlingo kwabafazi.
Enye ingcamango uhlalutyo oluphikisanayo kukuba abafazi bayashiya iziyobisi kunye notywala ngenxa yezingane zabo, "kusho uGrant." Abantwana kubalulekile, kodwa ukuba aba bafazi abazithengeli, bahlala bephinda bahlaselwa. "
Abayifumananga Nabo Abathandekayo Babo
A mabhinqa awakwazi ukucacisa "indawo yokujika" eyabangela ukuba bafumane kwakhona ; ngenxa yolwazi oluninzi lwesidingo sokunqoba ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi ngokwemveliso yenkqubo encinci, iGrant ifunyenwe. Kwaye impumelelo yabo yokubuyiselwa ayifumananga ukuguqula ubume babo "kwi-addict" ukuya kwi-"anti-addict", njengoko iincwadi zibonisa, kodwa zingabonakali zabo ngokwenene.
Abafazi babecinga ukusebenzisa iziyobisi kunye notywala njengomsebenzi ababebandakanyekayo kuwo, kungekhona ubungqina abaye babecinga. "Babuyisela i-identity identity endala phambi kokuba babe nezilwelwe, ngaphambi kobundlobongela kunye nokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi," watsho. Bathi, 'Nantsi ngokwenene ngoku,' ingubo ihambe. '"
Ukutshintsha Umlutha Ngenye Intshiseko
Isiqingatha sabasetyhini ekufundeni besetyenzisile inkqubo efana nezoNxilabo abangaziwayo okanye abaNaziwayo abangaziwayo ukuba banqobe umlutha, kodwa esinye isiqingatha siphumelele. Bonke abafazi baye bathatha indawo yokukhwela umlingo ngolunye uthabatha ebomini babo, uGrant uthi, ukusuka ekuzivocavoca umzimba ukuya emsebenzini wokuzithandela ukuya esikolweni.
Abanye ngoku bacebisa abanye abafazi abaye banqoba umlutha.
Abathathi-nxaxheba baqalisa ukusebenzisa iziyobisi okanye utywala ebusheni babo okanye kwiminyaka eyi-20 ukusabalalisa intlungu yobudlobongela basekhaya kunye noxhatshazo, ngokubhekiselele kuGrant, owongezelela ukuba bonke baxelele nokuba nelungu losapho olumlutha. La mava avelisa ukuzithemba okuzenzekelayo , inqaku elithile kula mabali amabhinqa.
Umlutha odibeneyo nezobudlova basekhaya
"Angikaze ndive umlwelwe wesilisa, nanamhla, emsebenzini wam, sithethe 'ngokungabi nantlonelo,'" utshilo uGrant, othemba ukuba iziphumo zakhe ziya kusebenza kwii-arhente zokubuyisela umlutha kunye neminye imibutho encedisayo bafazi.
Unxibelelwano oluqinileyo phakathi kobundlobongela basekhaya kunye nokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi kufuneka kuvunywe ngamaziko okuphucula izilwanyana kunye nabesifazane abasetyhini, abathandana nokuphatha ingxaki nganye.
Umthombo: iYunivesithi yaseOhio .