Ezinye iinjongo eziphambili zomzimba kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo zobuntwana
Ukususela kumzuzwana wokuzalwa, iintsana zihlaselwa ngamava enomdla abazimisele ukuyihlola. Iintsana zibukela abazali bazo ngamehlo, zizama ukuhambela ekuthineni okufudumele kwabanonophelo, kwaye zihambisa imilomo yazo ukuba zithinte kwaye zivelele nantoni na engayifumana emilonyeni yazo. Njengoko abantwana bekhula, ubuchule babo bokulawula ukulinganisela, ukunyakaza, kunye nezakhono ezifanelekileyo zihamba phambili.
Amaphulo aphuhlisayo ngamandla amaninzi abantwana abanako ukuwenza ngunyaka othile. Ngomnyaka wokuqala wobomi bomntwana, iinjongo eziphambili zezinto ezisemgangathweni zijolise ekufundeni iintsana ukuqonda ukuhamba, ukubamba izinto kunye nokulungiswa komlomo.
Ukususela ekuzalweni ukuya kwiinyanga ezintathu
Kule minyaka, ezininzi iintsana ziqala uku:
- Sebenzisa ukutyumbela, ukusela, kunye nokuqonda iingcamango
- Khankanya kancane intloko xa ulele esiswini
- Gcina intloko phezulu ngemizuzwana embalwa ngenkxaso
- Cima izandla zibe ngamanqindi
- Tug uze udibanise ngezandla
- Phinda ukunyakaza komzimba
Ukususela kwi-3 ukuya kwi-6 inyanga
Kule minyaka, iintsana ziqala ukuhlakulela ubukhulu kunye namandla. Baqala kwakhona:
- Qengqela ngaphaya
- Gxotha imizimba yabo phambili
- Zizikhuphe ngokuzibandakanya umgca wesikhalazo
- Ukufikelela kunye nokuqonda into
- Yenza into abambelele emilonyeni yabo
- Shake kunye nokudlala ngezinto
Ukususela kwi-6 ukuya kwi-9 inyanga
Ngeli xesha, abantwana bahamba ngokunyuka. Ngokuqhelekileyo baqala uku:
- Ukuqhawula
- Ukuqonda kunye nokukhangela into emzimbeni wabo
- Dlulisa amathoyizi kunye nezinto ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwesinye
Ukususela kwi-9 ukuya kwi-12 inyanga
Ukongeza kwizinto eziphambili ezifana nokuma nokuhamba, abantwana baqala ukuphuhlisa izakhono eziphambili ezithuthumayo. Kulo festile yophuhliso, ininzi iintsana ziyakwazi uku:
- Hlala phezulu
- Yima ngaphandle ko kunceda
- Hamba ngaphandle ngoncedo
- Thabatha kwaye uphonsa izinto
- Roll ibhola
- Thabatha izinto phakathi kwesithupha kunye nomunwe omnye
Kususela kwiminyaka eyi-1 ukuya kweyimi-2
Abantwana baya ngokuzimelela ngokuzimeleyo kwaye le minyaka kunye nemisebenzi efuna ukulungelelaniswa kunye nokusebenza kwamehlo kuqala ukuvela. Ngeli nqanaba lophuhliso, abaninzi abantwana banako uku:
- Khetha izinto xa usukuma
- Hamba emuva
- Hamba uyehla phantsi kwitepsi ngaphandle koncediso
- Hambisa uphinde uye kumculo
- Faka umbala okanye upende ngokuhambisa yonke ingalo
- Ukubhalwa ngamakishi okanye iikhrayoni
- Vulela amaqhina kunye nezixhobo
Kususela kwiminyaka emi-2 kuya kwe-3
Ukwakha kwizakhono zangaphambili, abantwana baya kuba banamathela kwimisebenzi efuna ukulungelelaniswa nokukhawuleza. Ukususela kolunye ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu ubudala, abaninzi abantwana baqala uku:
- Qalisa phambili
- Yehla kwindawo enye
- Ukushaya ibhola
- Yima ngelinye ilanga
- Vula amaphepha encwadi
- Dweba isangqa
- Bamba ikrayray phakathi kweesithupha kunye neminwe
Kususela kwiminyaka emi-3 kuya kwe-4
Amakhono okwenyama aphakama ngakumbi njengoko abantwana behlakulela ukunyakaza okungcono kunye nezakhono zokulinganisela. Ukususela kwiminyaka emithathu ukuya kwezine, abaninzi abantwana baqala uku:
- Hamba nge tricycle
- Yehla isilayidi ngaphandle koncediso
- Phosa uze ubambe ibhola
- Gcina kwaye ubeke amathoyizi
- Hamba ngendlela echanekileyo
- Yakha iindonga ezide ngeebhloko zokudlala
- Yenza ubumba zibe ngumbumba
Kususela kwiminyaka emi-4 kuya kwemi-5
Ngeli thuba lokuphuhliswa, abantwana banokuzithemba ngakumbi kwizakhono zabo.
Uninzi lwa bantwana luqala uku:
- Yehla ngenyawo olunye
- Hamba emuva
- Yenza imiba
- Ukusika iphepha kunye nesikolo sokukhusela
- Phrinta ezinye iileta
- Khuphela iimoko eziquka izikwere kunye nemizila
Nceda Abantwana Bafikelele Kwizinto Zabo Zobukhulu
Ngethuba lokuqala kwasebuntwaneni, ukuqhubela phambili kokukhula komzimba kunokuyinto ebalulekileyo yokugcina. Enye yeendlela ezifanelekileyo abazali abanokuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana babo bafezekise imiphumo ebalulekileyo yokuphucula ngokwenyama kukudala indawo ekhuthaza abantwana ukuba bahlole ihlabathi ngokuphepha. Kwiintsana, oku kuthetha ukunika umntwana wakho ubuninzi begumbi lokuqhaqha, ukukhwela, nokudlala. Abazali mabaqinisekise kwakhona ukuba abantwana babo banempahla eninzi ekhuselekileyo ukuze baqaphele, baxhaphaze baze bafake emlonyeni.
Ukuze kukhuthazwe uphuhliso lwezakhono ezinkulu, kubalulekile ukunika abantwana ithuba elininzi lokusebenzisa amakhono abo asanda kuvela. Ukunika abantwana ixesha, indawo kunye nezibonelelo abazifunayo ukuzala ibhola, ukugijima, ukuxuma, kunye nokulinganisela. Ukunikezela abantwana ithuba lokuzibandakanya kumdlalo, kodwa ungabaxinzeli ukuba babe yingcali kuyo yonke into. Khumbula, abantwana kufuneka bakwazi ukuphonononga ubuchule babo nokwakha ithemba kwizakhono zabo.
Abazali banokunceda abantwana babo bahlakulele izakhono eziphambili zezithuthi ngendlela efanayo. Nika abantwana ukudlala amava okubandakanya ukudweba, ukubeka iipuzzle, okanye iintambo zokuncedisa ukuzakhela ukuhamba okuhamba phambili kunye nokuphuculwa kwamehlo.
Khumbula ukuba ukhuseleko lubalulekile. Njengoko iintsana kunye nabantwana zihamba ngokunyuka kwaye zisebenza ngokusemandleni, kubalulekile ukuba zikhusele ezinye izinto zokukhusela ezisisiseko. Izindleko zokuhamba, izigubungelo zamanzi kunye nokubonwa kwabazali ziindlela zonke zokunciphisa ingozi ngeli xesha linika abantwana inkululeko abayifunayo ukuyihlola nokudlala.
Qhubeka ufunda malunga nokuphuhliswa kwasekuqaleni kobuntwana ngokuhlolisisa iziganeko eziphuculweyo zokuphuhliswa kwengqondo kunye nokuphuhliswa kweemeko zentlalo / zentlalo .
Imithombo:
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. (2016). EziPhambili. Ukufunyanwa kwi-http: //www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/actearly/milestones/.
Meggitt, C. (2006). Uphuhliso lwabantwana: Isikhokelo esibonakalisiweyo. I-London: Abapapashi bezeMfundo zeHeinemann.