Ukuxhatshazwa komzimba kukuxhalabisa ngokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi
Igama elithi "u-tranquilzer" liyinto ephosakeleyo. Igama eliqhelekileyo lisetyenziswe kwisiko esithandwayo ekuchazeni izidalwa, okanye izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukunyusa i-sedation. Igama elithi "uxolo" lisetyenzisiweyo ngaphantsi nje namhlanje njengoko libonisa ukuba iziyobisi zikhuthaza ukuthula, kuchazwe ngendlela engacacanga nangendlela engasebenzi ngayo.
Kwakuphela ngowe-1953 igama elithi "u-tranquilzer" laqulunqwa ukuchaza imiphumo yezilwanyana ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo kwizilwanyana.
Namhlanje, siza kuchonga ngokuchanekileyo i-resperine njenge-anti-hypertensive njengoko injongo yalo kukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi ngaphezu kokunyusa isimo esinoxolo. Le mihla, xa oogqirha basebenzisa igama le-tranquilizer, "benza njalo ukucacisa izidakamizwa kwelinye lamaqela amabini:
- Iincinci zincinci ziqhelekileyo izidakamizwa ezixhatshazwayo ezisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa uxhalaba.
- Amanxilongo amaninzi asebenzisa iziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimpawu zengqondo ze-schizophrenia, i-bipolar disorder.
Ukuqonda amaTranquilizers amancinci
Xa abantu bebhekisela kwi-tranquilizer, ngokuqhelekileyo bathetha ukuba ukubonisa ukuba iziyobisi zingakwazi ukuzincipha iingxaki, ukunciphisa iimpawu zoxinzelelo, okanye ukuncedisa ukulala. Ezi ntlobo zamachiza zihlelwe ngokubanzi njenge-anxiolytics. Amachiza angaphinda aphulwe phantsi kwiiklasi ezihlanu:
- I-Benzodiazepines imiselwe ukuba iphathe ukuxhalaba, ukulala, ukuxhwala, ukuxhaphaza izidumbu, ukuphazamiseka kotywala, nokuhlaselwa kotywala. Ayikho i-benzodiazepines engaphantsi kwe-15 evunyelwe ukusetyenziswa e-US, kuquka i-Ativan (lorazepam), i- Valium (diazepam) , iKlonopin (clonazepam) kunye no- Xanax (alprazolam) .
- Iibharbiturates zaye zachazwa ngokubanzi ukuze ziphathwe ukungazinzi nokukhathazeka. Akunakudla ngokusetyenziswa namhlanje ngenxa yengozi enkulu yokusetyenziswa kakubi kunye nokulutha . I-Barbiturates isebenze ngokubakholisa umntu ngokubhekiselele kwiinkqubo ezithile zobuchopho. Ngoxa sele sele ithatyathwe indawo ye-benzodiazepines, ngamanye amaxesha i-barbiturates isetyenziswa njenge-anticonbulsant
- Abaxinzelelo be- anti-depressants bayakwazi ukuphatha uxhalabo ngokulawula imichiza emzimbeni obizwa ngokuba yi- serotonin , ithathwa njengesimo se-stabilizer yemvelo. Nangona kungathi kubonakale kungenakuphikisa ukukhathazeka ne-anti-depressant, zombini iimeko zengqondo zihlala zikhona ngokufanayo .
- I-Sympatholytics inokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezinxamnye nexhephalo ezisebenza kwi- system ye-nervous system (ngokuyisigqibo "impendulo yokulwa-okanye-indiza"). Eli klasi leziyobisi lisebenza kakuhle ekuphatheni iziphazamiso ezixhalabisayo ezinjenge- post-traumatic disorder disorder (PTSD) kunye neengxaki zokuxhalabisa ngokubanzi (GAD) .
- I-opioids yilezi ziyobisi ezinomdla kakhulu ezisebenza kwi-receptor yengqondo ukunciphisa inani leentlungu ezifumanayo. Nangona zisetyenziselwa ukuphatha ubuhlungu obukhulu kunye nokunyusa i-anesthesia, ngamanye amaxesha kusetyenziswa ukuphathwa kweengxaki zokudakumba okukhulu kunye neengxaki ezithintekayo (OCD) .
Ukusetyenziswa kweNgcaciso yeMfutshane
Xa zisetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye phantsi kolawulo lwegqirha ofanelekileyo, ukuxiliswa kwezinto ezincinci kunokubili kwaye kuyanceda. Nangona kubonakala kunengqiqo ukucinga ukuba ezinye zezi zonyango "zikhuselekileyo" kunabanye, zonke zinako ukudala ukuxhomekeka kunye nokudibanisa ukuba zisebenzise kakubi.
Enyanisweni, ngenxa yokuba iziyobisi ezinjengeXanax okanye iValium ziqheleke ngokuqhelekileyo, abantu baya kukunyamekela ukuba banakho ukuxhatshazwa ngokumalunga nezinye iziyobisi "ezinobungozi" njenge-Oxycontin (oxycodone) okanye i-Vicodin (i-hydrocodone).
Amanxilise amancinci angabanceda ukuba athathwe ixesha elifutshane. Ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo akunakho ukukhokelela ekugqithiseni, kunokubangela iziphumo ezizeleyo ezikhokelela ekudakaleni kweempawu, eziquka:
- Ukulahleka kwememori
- Paranoia
- Iingcamango zokuzibulala
- Inkcaso
- Ukutshitshiswa
- Ukudideka
- Intetho edibeneyo
- Ukungabikho koqhagamshelwano
- Utywala
- Intloko
- Ukutya
- Ukudideka
- Ukuxinezeleka
- Ukukhathala
Nangona ezinye iziphumo ezicacileyo (ezifana nokungaqiniseki kunye nokunyakaza) zinganciphisa ixesha, ngokuqhelekileyo zenza ngokuhambelana nokuxhomekeka kweziyobisi ezikhulayo.
Ukuba wena okanye othandekayo ufumana iimpawu zokulutha, xela nodokotela wakho malunga neendlela zokonyango. Ukuhamba "kubanda okubandayo" ngokuqhelekileyo akuyiyo ingcamango efanelekileyo enikwe ithuba lokukhupha izimpawu , ngamanye amaxesha ezinzima.
Ezinye iinjongo ze-inshorensi zempilo namhlanje zibonelela ngokunyanisekileyo okanye ngokugcweleyo kwenkqubo yokunyangwa komlutha owanikezelwa ukunyuka kwama-opioid e-US
> Imithombo:
> Ezempilo kunye neNkonzo zoLuntu. "Ukuzikhethela kunye neentanethi." Mass.gov. EBoston, eMassachusetts; hlaziywa ngo-2017.
> Weaver, F. "Ukusetyenziswa kakubi ngokwemithi, kunye nokuShatshazwa." Yale J Biol Med. 2015 Sep; 88 (3): 247-256.