Indawo yaseWernicke ngummandla wengqondo ebalulekileyo ekuphuculweni kolwimi. Itholakala kwi-lobe yesikhokelo kwicala lasekhohlo lobuchopho kwaye lijongene nokuqonda ukuthetha, ngelixa indawo kaBraca ihambelana nokuveliswa kwentetho. Uphuhliso lweelwimi okanye ukusetyenziswa lunokungonakali kakhulu ngumonakalo kwindawo ye-Wernicke yengqondo.
Xa le ndawo yengqondo iwonakaliswe, ingxaki eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Wernicke's aphasia ingabangela, kunye nomntu onokukwazi ukuthetha kwiintetho ezivakalayo ezingenangqondo.
Indawo
Indawo yaseWernicke ihlala isendaweni yangasemuva ye-lobe ye-temporal, nangona indawo echanekileyo ingahluka. Kuqhelekileyo ifunyenwe kwi-hemisphere yobomi bekhohlo, kodwa kungekho rhoqo.
Indawo yeWernicke yafunyanwa ngayo
Iingcali zengqondo zakudala zazinomdla ekufumaneni apho ubuchule obuthile buhlala kwindawo yengqondo. Lo msebenzi wendawo yengqondo uphakamisa ukuba amandla athile, njengokuvelisa nokuqonda ulwimi, alawulwa yiindawo ezithile zobuchopho.
Omnye oovulindlela kulolu uphando kwakuyi-French neurologist egama linguPaul Broca. Ngexesha le-1870 yokuqala, uPaul Broca wafumanisa ummandla wengqondo ehambelana nokuveliswa kolwimi oluthethiweyo. Ufumene ukuba umonakalo kule ndawo kubangela iingxaki zokuvelisa ulwimi.
Broca ichaza isigulane esaziwa ngokuba nguLeborgne sasiyiqonda ulwimi nangona wayengenakuthetha ngaphandle kwegama elide kunye nezinye iimbali ezimbalwa. Xa uLeborgne efa, u-Broca wenza i-postmortem ukuvavanya kwengqondo yomntu waza wafumana isilonda kwindawo yelobe yangaphambili. Lo mmandla wengqondo ngoku ubizwa ngokuba yi-Broca kwaye uhambelana nomveliso weentetho.
Phantse kwiminyaka eyi-10 kamva, i-neurologist egama linguCarl Wernicke yachonga uhlobo olufanayo lweengxaki apho izigulane zakwazi ukuthetha kodwa zazingakwazi ukuqonda kakuhle ulwimi. Ukuphonononga ubuchopho bezigulane ezijongene nale ngxaki yeelwimi kubonakalisa izilonda kwi-junction ye-parietal, temporal, kunye ne-occipital lobes. Lo mmandla wengqondo ngoku uyaziwa ngokuba ngummandla weWernicke kwaye udibaniswa nokuqonda ulwimi oluthethiweyo nolwimi olubhaliweyo.
IAphasia yaseWernicke
Xa indawo yaseWernicke ibonakaliswe ngengozi okanye izifo, ulwimi lwe-aphasia lunokubangelwa. I-aphasia yintsingiselo yolwimi echaphazela ukukwazi ukuqonda nokuvelisa kokubhaliweyo nokubhaliweyo kubini. I-Aphaas zidla ngokuba ngumphumo wokubetha, kodwa nazo zibangelwa zizifo, izifo kunye neentlungu. Olu hlobo lwe-aphasia lubizwa ngokuba yi-aphasia ye-Wernicke kodwa ngamanye amaxesha luthiwa njenge-aphasia ecacileyo, i-aphasia ye-senssia, okanye i-aphasia ye-reception.
I-aphasia ye-Wernicke yintlupheko yolwimi echaphazela ukuqondisisa ulwimi nokuveliswa kolwimi olunentsingiselo ngenxa yomonakalo kwingingqi ye-Wernicke yengqondo. Abantu abane-Wernicke's aphasia banenkinga yokuqonda ulwimi abathethayo kodwa bayakwazi ukuvelisa izandi, amabinzana kunye nokulandelana kwegama.
Nangona ezi zivakalisi zinesigqi esifanayo njengentetho evamile, ayilona ulwimi kuba akukho lwazi lunikezelwa. Olu hlobo lwe-aphasia luchaphazela ulwimi olubhaliweyo nolubhaliweyo.
Ngokombutho we-Aphasia kazwelonke, abantu abane-Wernicke's aphasia bangakwazi ukuvelisa intetho evakalayo efanelekileyo negrama. Umxholo okwenene kule ntetho awunakuqonda. Amagama angekhoyo kwaye angenzi nto aqhelekileyo afakwe kwizivakalisi aba bantu bakhiqiza.
Ukuze uqonde kakuhle indlela umonakalo kwindawo ye-Wernicke echaphazela ngayo ulwimi, kunokunceda ukujonga ividyo kliphu yomntu kunye ne-Wernicke's aphasia.
Imithombo:
> I-Wernicke's (Receptive) iAphasia. Umbutho weSizwe weAphasia. https://www.aphasia.org/aphasia-resources/wernickes-aphasia/.
> Wright, A. Isahluko 8: Imisebenzi ephezulu yeCortical: uLwimi. Neuroscience Online. IYunivesithi yaseTexas yezeMpilo yeSayensi. https://nba.uth.tmc.edu/neuroscience/s4/chapter08.html.