I-Flexible Leadership Style
Iingcamango zesimo sobunkokeli zibonisa ukuba akukho ndlela enye yobunkokeli efanelekileyo. Kunoko, konke kuxhomekeka kwimiba ekhoyo kwaye luhlobo luni lobunkokeli kunye nezicwangciso ezifanelekileyo kakhulu kumsebenzi. Ngokwale ngqungquthela, iinkokeli ezona zintle ziyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nesitayela sabo kwimeko kwaye zijonge iingongoma ezifana nomsebenzi, uhlobo lweqela kunye nezinye izinto ezinokubangela ukuba kwenziwe umsebenzi.
Inkcazo yobunkokeli bexesha eliqhelekileyo ibizwa ngokuba yi-Herory-Blanchard Status Situation Leadory Theory, emva kovelisi bayo, uDkt. Paul Hersey, umbhali we-"Inkokeli Yeemeko," kunye noKennenn Blanchard, umbhali we-"One-Minute Manager".
Uhlobo lweenkokheli zikaHersey noBlanchard
UHersey noBlanchard bacebisa ukuba kukho iindlela ezine zobunkokeli eziphambili:
- Ukuxelela (S1): Kulo hlobo lwesinkokeli, inkokheli ithetha abantu ukuba benze ntoni kwaye bangayenza njani.
- Ukuthengisa (i-S2): Esi sihloko sichaphazela ngaphezulu nokuphuma phakathi kweenkokeli kunye nabalandeli. Iinkokeli "zithengisa" iingcamango zabo kunye nomyalezo ukufumana amalungu eqela ukuba athenge kule nkqubo.
- Ukuthatha inxaxheba (S3): Kulo ndlela, inkokeli inika isikhokelo esincinci kwaye ivumela amalungu eqela ukuba athathe inxaxheba ethe xaxa ekuphumeni ngeengcamango nokwenza izigqibo.
- Ukunikezelwa (S4): Eli gama libonakaliswe ngokungabandakanyekanga, indlela yokuzithengisa inkokheli. Amalungu eqela athabatha ukwenza ezininzi izigqibo aze athathe uxanduva oluninzi lwezinto ezenzekayo.
Amanqanaba okukhula
Indlela efanelekileyo yobunkokeli incike kakhulu kwizinga lokukhula (okt, izinga lolwazi kunye nolwazi) lwabantu okanye iqela.
Ingcamango kaHersey noBlanchard ichaza amanqanaba amane okukhula, kuquka:
- M1: Amalungu eqela awanalo ulwazi, izakhono kunye nokuzimisela ukugqiba umsebenzi.
- I-M2: Amalungu eqela azimisele kwaye anentshiseko, kodwa engenalo ikhono.
- I-M3: Amalungu eqela anezakhono kunye nokukwazi ukugqiba umsebenzi, kodwa abanqweneli ukuthatha uxanduva.
- I-M4: Amalungu eqela azinobuchule kakhulu kwaye azimisele ukugqiba umsebenzi.
Ukutshatyalaliswa koButhathi boButyebi kunye namazinga okukhula
Imodeli kaHersey-Blanchard ibonisa ukuba ezi ndlela zilandelayo zikhokelo zifanelekileyo kakhulu kula mazinga okukhula:
- Ukukhula okuphantsi (M1) -Ukuza (S1)
- Ukukhula okuphakathi (M2) -Ukuthengisa (S2)
- Ukukhula okuphakathi (M3) -Ukulindeleka (S3)
- Ukukhula okuphakamileyo (M4) -Ukuchaza (S4)
Umzekelo wobuNkokeli beFlexible
I-style "yokuxelela" ingaba yimfuneko ekuqaleni kweprojekthi xa abalandeli bengenalo uxanduva okanye ulwazi lokusebenza ngokwabo. Njengoko abaphantsi banamava kwaye banolwazi, nangona kunjalo, inkokeli ingathanda ukutshintshela kwindlela yokudlulisela phambili. Lo mzekelo wezobukhokelo ugxininise ekuguqulekeni ukuze iinqununu zikwazi ukuvumelanisa ngokweemfuno zabalandeli babo kunye neemfuno zolu meko.
Indlela yokuziphatha kubunkokeli iyakhusela imingcipheko yendlela yohlobo olulodwa ngokuqaphela ukuba kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusingatha ingxaki kwaye iinqununu kufuneka zikwazi ukuvavanya imeko kunye namazinga okukhula okulawulwa ngabangaphantsi ukuze kuchongwe Indlela iya kuba yinkqubela kunoma yimuphi umzuzu.
Iingcamango zesimo , ngoko ke, ziqwalasela ngokugqithiseleyo ubunzima beemeko zentlalo kunye nabantu abaninzi abenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ekugqibeleni baya kufakela kwisiphumo.
I SLL Model
Ubunkokeli boBume boBume boMgangatho II (okanye i-SLII) lwaphuhliswa nguKennenn Blanchard kwaye lwakhiwa kwi-theory yaseBlanchard neyeHersey. Ngokutsho kwenguqu ehlaziyiweyo yeengcamango, iinkokeli ezifanelekileyo kufuneka zisekele ukuziphatha kwazo kwinqanaba lokuphuhliswa kwamalungu eqela ngemisebenzi ethile. Inqanaba lophuhliso lichongiwe ngumgangatho ngamnye wobuchule nokuzinikela.
Ezi nqanaba ziquka:
- Umqali onomdla (D1): Ukuzibophelela okukhulu, ubuchule obuphantsi.
- Umfundi odidekile (D2): Olunye uqeqesho, kodwa izithintelo zikhokelela ekuzibopheleleni okuphantsi.
- Ukwazi kodwa umlindi (D3): Ukhuphiswano lukhula, kodwa izinga lokuzibophelela liyahluka.
- I-Self-reliant -everever (D4): Ukufaneleka nokuzibophelela.
I-SLII yoButhathi bendlela
I-SLII iphinde ibonise ukuba ubukhokeli obufanelekileyo buxhomekeke kwizinto ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zokuxhasa: ukuxhasa nokuqondisa. Ukuziphatha ukuziphatha kubandakanya ukunika iinkcazo ezithile kunye nemiyalelo nokuzama ukulawula ukuziphatha kwamalungu eqela. Ukuziphatha okuxhasayo kubandakanya izenzo ezifana nokukhuthaza abaphantsi, ukuphulaphula, nokunika ingxelo kunye nokunika ingxelo.
Iingcamango zichaza iindlela ezine zobunkokeli ezisisiseko, kuquka:
- UkuLawula (S1): Ephakamileyo ekuqondiseni iziphathamandla, eziphantsi kokuziphatha okuxhasayo.
- Coaching (S2): Ephakamileyo kokubambisana nokuziphatha okuxhasayo.
- Ukuxhaswa (S3): Uphantsi ekulawuleni ukuziphatha nokuphakamisa ukuziphatha okuxhasayo.
- Ukunikezelwa (S4): Aphantsi kwizinto zombini kunye nokuziphatha okuxhasayo.
Ingongoma ephambili ye-SLII inory kukuba akukho enye yeendlela ezine zobunkokeli ezifanelekileyo. Kunoko, inkokheli efanelekileyo iya kufana nokuziphatha kwayo kwikhono lophuhliso lomntu ngamnye ongaphantsi komsebenzi okhoyo.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo zeemeko
Iingcali zibonisa ukuba kukho izinto ezine eziphambili zeemeko ezifunekayo ukuba iinkokeli ziyenze xa zihlola imeko. Ezi zinto ziquka:
- Iinkokheli kufuneka ziqwalasele ubudlelwane phakathi kweenkokheli kunye namalungu eqela. Imiba yentlalontle kunye neyohlukeneyo inokudlala indima ekunqumeni indlela efanelekileyo ngayo. Ngokomzekelo, iqela elingenako ukusebenza kunye nemveliso lingazuza kwi-style egxininisa umyalelo, imithetho, kunye neendima ezichazwe ngokucacileyo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iqela elivelisayo labasebenzi abanezakhono, linokuzuza kwiindlela ezininzi zedemokhrasi ezivumela amalungu eqela ukuba asebenze ngokuzimela kwaye abe negalelo kwizigqibo zenhlangano.
- Inkokheli kufuneka iqwalasele umsebenzi ngokwawo. ImiSebenzi inokuqala ukusuka kwizinto ezilula ukuya kwinkimbinkimbi, kodwa inkokheli kufuneka ibe nembono ecacileyo yile nto ekubandakanya ngayo umsebenzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ithe yaphumelela kwaye iphumelele.
- Umgangatho wegunya inkokheli inamalungu eqela kufuneka iqwalaselwe. Ezinye iinqununu zinamandla anikezelwe yilo ndawo ngokwayo, njengomthamo wokutshisa, ukuqesha, ukuvuza okanye ukugxekisa abaphantsi. Ezinye iinqununu zithola amandla ngobudlelwane babo nabasebenzi, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokufumana inhlonipho kubo, zinikela ngenkxaso kubo, kwaye zibanceda bazive bazibandakanya kwinkqubo yokwenza izigqibo.
- Njengoko umzekelo kaHersey-Blanchard ubonisa, iinkokheli kufuneka ziqwalasele izinga lokukhula kwelungu ngalinye ngalinye. Umgangatho wokukhula ngumlinganiselo womntu womntu wokugqiba umsebenzi, kunye nokuzimisela kwakhe ukugqiba umsebenzi. Ukunikezela ilungu elithandayo kodwa lingenako ukufumana iresiphi yokungaphumeleli.
Ukukwazi ukuphawula umgangatho womqeshwa ngamnye wokukhula kuvumela inkokheli ukuba ikhethe indlela ephezulu yokunceda ukuncedisa abasebenzi.
> Imithombo:
> DuBrin AJ. Ubukhokeli: uPhando, Iziphumo, ukuSebenza, kunye neZakhono. UMason, OH: eMzantsi-Koloni, kwiCengage Learning; 2013.
> I-Gill R. Theory kunye nokuSebenza koBungqina. London: Sage Publications; 2011.
> Hersey P, Blanchard KH. Ulawulo lweZenzo zoLuntu - Ukusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo zabasebenzi . ENew Jersey / ePrentice Hall; 1969.
> Hersey P, Blanchard KH. Inkcazo yoBomi yoBukhokeli. UQeqesho loQeqesho noPhuhliso. 1969; 23 (5): 26-34.
> Nevarez C, i-Wood JL, i-Penrose R. Inkokheli yeNkokheli kunye neKholeji yoluntu: Ukusebenzisa iTheory to Practice. Sterling, Virginia: I-Stylus Publishing; 2013.